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Part of the fun of skincare is showing off [your products](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-layer-skincare-products) online, and a somewhat recent addition to social media skincare pics is the appearance of skincare and beauty fridges. Often painted in pretty pastel colors or sporting a retro look, these mini refrigerators can store your favorite serums, sheet masks, and moisturizers. 

Of course, keeping skincare products cold isn’t a new concept (remember storing your under-eye patches in your full-size fridge?), but these mini fridges have the added benefit of being extremely portable and accessible. They can be stored in your bedroom, bathroom, or anywhere you usually apply your skincare routine. 

As with most skincare trends, however, there has been some debate as to whether mini skincare fridges are actually useful or cute but largely unnecessary. To find out more, we talked to a trio of industry experts for their takes. 

## **Do You Need a Skincare Fridge?** 
Overall, all three of our skincare pros agreed that skincare fridges are unnecessary. They should be thought of as a fun addition to [your routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-routine-products-ingredients-for-20s) rather than an essential part of it. Most skincare products are formulated with the understanding that they will be kept at room temperature, so keeping them cold as a means of preservation isn’t all that important. “Cosmetic chemists have put a lot of time and effort into creating sophisticated preservative systems so that our products a) don’t go bad and b) remain safe for us to use,” explains [Renée Rouleau](https://www.instagram.com/reneerouleau/), celebrity aesthetician and founder of her [eponymous skincare line](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reneerouleau.com%2F).

Most skincare fridges run between $30 and $150 (we’re fans of the ultra-portable [Bishe Beauty Fridge](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbishefridge.com%2Fpink-fridge)), which means that they can be a bit of an investment. And then there is the [environmental impact](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-make-your-beauty-routine-more-sustainable) of adding yet another continuously running appliance to your home. “The skin fridge trend seems born out of the mega shelfie era, when skincare in excess and aesthetic allure was prized,” says Katrina Moreno Lewis, founder of [Kura Skin](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuraskin.com%2F). “It’s one more appliance that’s always on in your home, which is something to consider if you’re mindful of your energy footprint.”

## **So, Are There Any Benefits?**
The benefits of storing skincare products in a mini fridge has more to do with how the product will feel when you apply it cold than anything else. “Keeping your products in a skincare fridge won’t make them more effective,” Rouleau says. “But the cool temperatures can definitely feel pleasant on the skin and may even be somewhat beneficial for conditions like redness and puffy eyes.”

Skincare fridges can also be useful for those who may not be able to store their products in temperature-controlled climates. “Heat and humidity can cause products to degrade faster, which can mess with their consistency and potency and may even speed the growth of bacteria,” Lewis explains. “That’s why you should always keep skincare at room temperature, away from radiators, and out of direct sunlight.” 

While she maintains that refrigeration won’t do much to [extend the shelf-life](https://aedit.com/aedition/shelf-life-of-skincare-products-ingredients) of a well-formulated product, it doesn’t hurt. “If you have a bathroom that feels perpetually steamy, transferring those to your products to another room is ideal,” she says. “And, if summers seem to melt your products, then, yes, you might want to check out a skin fridge — or just pop ‘em in the refrigerator you already have in your home!”

## **What Should I Put in My Skincare Fridge?**
While many people stock their skincare fridges full of their entire routine, it’s important to know that not every product will take to the cold. “Some [balmy products](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-creams-lotions-moisturizers) tend to firm up if they are kept in a skincare fridge, which can make them very challenging to use,” cautions Alexia Wambua, founder of [Native Atlas](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnativeatlas.com%2F) and a practicing aesthetician of 20 years. “The same is true for any and all clay products, so I would avoid keeping those in a refrigerator.” 

You’ll also want to keep your oils away from the chill. “[Oil-based products](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-face-oil-for-all-skin-types) and thick cream moisturizers should also stay out of your skincare fridge,” she continues. “Water and oil separate, so placing oil-based products in a cooler temperature could slightly change the formula and texture of the product.” When it comes to serums, Wambua says to consider each product individually. “It usually is case-by-case, as it depends on the formulation,” she says. “If you choose to store your serum in a skincare fridge, keep an eye on it and watch to see if any separation occurs. If it does, that serum should not be stored in the refrigerator.”

### **Keep Out of the Fridge:**
- Balms
- Clay-based products
- Oils
- Some serums
- Thick moisturizers

So, what can you store in the fridge? [Eye creams](https://aedit.com/aedition/eye-creams-serums-to-treat-crows-feet-dark-circles-puffiness) and patches, [jade rollers](https://aedit.com/aedition/beauty-massage-for-face-body), sheet masks, mists, gel moisturizers, and most [hyaluronic acids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler) can all handle it. Wambua adds that some plant-based products may benefit from the coolness of a fridge, as not all are formulated with preservatives. Keeping them in the fridge can keep them fresh.

### **Keep in the Fridge:**
- Eye creams & patches
- Face mists
- Gel moisturizers
- Jade rollers
- Many hyaluronic acid-based products
- Sheet masks

## **Anything Else I Should Know?**
Make sure to read the instructions provided with the mini fridge, and pay close attention to your products. If you notice a change in color, smell, or consistency, take them out of the fridge. Additionally, if you [travel frequently](https://aedit.com/aedition/airplane-skincare-tips), you’ll need to fine tune your skincare fridge approach. “If you are used to always using a skincare fridge, then your products may not travel well when they are away from the fridge,” Wambua says. “I don't recommend that you allow your products to fluctuate between temperatures a ton, so I would not store them in a fridge and then pack them in your suitcase.”

As you might expect, going from one extreme to another is not ideal for anything — skincare products included. “The fluctuation between temperatures can actually lead to instability of the product and injure its overall integrity and effectiveness,” she explains. But, if you really love the cooling effect of a fridge, Wambua offers this compromise: “If you set your skincare fridge to a temperature between 55 and 62 degrees Fahrenheit, it should reduce the severity of temperature fluctuations and prevent this from being a major issue,” she says. 

## **The Takeaway**
Skincare fridges can be beneficial for those who live in humid areas, use products without preservatives, or want their masks or mists to feel a bit more refreshing, however, they are far from being a skincare necessity. It’s important to weigh the cost of the fridge and the possible environmental impact before buying. And, if you do decide to use one, make sure to read the instructions, set the temperature to a cool (not cold) level, and keep an eye on how your products react to their new home.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Beauty

Nowadays, it seems like no skincare shelfie is complete without a shot of a mini fridge stocked with products — but is this photogenic trend actually useful? We decided to find out.

The Benefits Of Mini Skincare Fridges

Do You Really Need A Skincare Fridge?

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You’ve probably heard it before or even said it yourself: oily skin equals acne-prone skin. But that’s not always the case. People often confuse the two since the [formation of acne](https://aedit.com/concern/acne) is directly related to an excess amount of sebum (read: oil) being produced, but dermatologists confirm there’s a difference — and understanding it will help keep your skin healthy and clear. If you’re experiencing oiliness, acne, or some combination of the two, here’s what you need to know about differentiating oily and acne-prone skin types.

## **Oily Skin vs. Acne-Prone Skin**
According to the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), acne is the [most common](https://www.aad.org/media/stats-numbers) skin condition in the United States — affecting about 50 million people per year. “It’s often presumed that the presence of acne is indicative of oily skin,” says [Michele Green, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/michele-green-md-34642). “While it’s true that excess sebum production can contribute to the development of acne, you can be acne-prone without having oily skin.” In fact, all skin types — from dry to oily — can develop acne. 

While you might be more [prone to acne](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-hormonal-acne-body-acne-cystic-acne-whiteheads-blackheads) if you have oily skin, breakouts aren’t a given. “You may have a clear complexion with oily skin, if the skin’s pores are able to lubricate the surface of the skin without becoming clogged,” Dr. Green explains. It’s when the sebum becomes trapped within the pores, inflamed, and irritated, that acne forms. 

Additionally, factors like an improper skincare routine, the environment, your hormones, [diet](https://aedit.com/aedition/relationship-between-food-and-acne-breakouts), and [stress](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-stress-on-skin-acne-wrinkles-dryness) levels can all contribute to acne. The *why* may be different, but the common thread is *how* it develops. Acne occurs when the sebaceous follicles of your skin become plugged with a buildup of sebum, oil, and debris. The [natural bacteria](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-microbiome-skincare-products-ingredients) that normally lives on the skin then multiplies rapidly and causes the inflammation and irritation associated with acne.  

## **How to Determine Your Skin Type**
To properly identify your skin type and appropriately treat acne, Dr. Green recommends washing your face with a [gentle cleanser](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-makeup-removers-for-every-skin-type) and skipping the rest of your skincare routine. After a few hours, take a close look at your natural skin texture and tone. If you’re shiny, you likely have oily skin. If you’re flaky, red, or irritated, you probably have [dry skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-dry-skin-face-body-hands) or [sensitive skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin). If you have patches of both, odds are you have combination skin.  

Using the right skincare products for your skin type will help keep your skin clear. “It’s important to treat acne according to your skin type,” says [Samer Jaber, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/samer-jaber-md-3882). If you are oily, your skin is typically more resilient and can tolerate stronger medications, like prescription [retinoids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare), [alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs)](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare), [beta hydroxy acids (BHAs)](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-beta-hydroxy-acids-salicylic-acid-in-skincare), or [benzoyl peroxide](https://aedit.com/procedure/benzoyl-peroxide). If your skin is on the drier side, these products may be too irritating for you, and you’ll have to introduce them gradually. 

## **The Takeaway**
Healthy skin is hydrated and even in [tone](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone) and [texture](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-texture). If you’re struggling to figure out your skin type or don’t understand how to treat the breakouts you're exerpiencing, visit a [board certified](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology) dermatologist for guidance. They will be able to analyze your complexion and offer a treatment protocol based on your needs.

Wellness

Contrary to popular belief, oily skin is not synonymous with acne-prone skin. Since understanding your skin type is crucial to treating blemishes, we asked top dermatologists break down what you need to know.

Oily Skin vs. Acne-Prone Skin: What's The Difference?

Oily Skin vs. Acne-Prone Skin: What’s The Difference?

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*Feel like you need a dictionary every time you look at the ingredient list of a beauty product? Still unsure of the difference between retinol and retinoids? What about the unique benefits of vitamins B, C, and E? Are alpha and beta hydroxy acids the same thing? The skincare aisle can be overwhelming, but you don’t need a PhD in cosmetic chemistry to navigate it. With expert help, The AEDITION is demystifying and simplifying the beauty industry — [one label at a time](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/read-the-label).*

When you think of antioxidants in skincare, you likely think of [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare) or [vitamin E](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-e-in-skincare). But what about ferulic acid? Don’t let the term ‘acid’ confuse you — ferulic acid is a potent antioxidant that  is touted for its ability to protect the skin from signs of aging like fine lines, wrinkles, and uneven skin tone. Wondering how to use this multitasking active or if it's a good match for your skin? Here, we're answering all of your questions about ferulic acid, and how to reap the most rewards from the hero ingredient.

## **What Is Ferulic Acid?**
Ferulic acid (a.k.a. hydroxycinnamic acid) is a plant-based antioxidant. It is “an organic compound commonly found in plant cell walls,” says [Robert Finney, MD](https://www.instagram.com/robertfinneymd/?hl=en), a New York City-based board certified dermatologist. Those botanicals include oats, brown rice, peanuts, oranges, and apples, though synthetic versions can be created in a lab. In addition to fighting free radical damage, [research has shown](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16185284/) ferulic acid can stabilize and even boost the benefits of fellow antioxidants (chiefly, vitamins C and E).

## **Benefits of Ferulic Acid in Skincare**
![Ferulic Acid Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/1j8bbJLT0mZJeTguEe8mPW/6672656060ebb4fff1a38e39c1f1a085/Ferulic-Acid-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)
If your skincare routine already contains antioxidants, you may be wondering if there is a need to add ferulic acid to the mix. The short answer is: yes. “Ferulic acid is a powerful antioxidant that has been studied and proven to help fight off free radical damage of skin cells that occurs from sun exposure, pollution, and high energy visible light from devices,” Dr. Finney explains. For the uninitiated, high energy visible (HEV) light is another term for [blue light](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-blue-light-damage), and it’s emanating from your cell phones, tablets, computers, and more.

Defending the body from free radicals helps keep skin cells that produce collagen and elastin healthy, which, in turn, prevents premature signs of aging. As you probably know, those premature signs of aging include: 

- [Fine lines & wrinkles](https://aedit.com/concern/fine-lineswrinkles)
- [Skin laxity](https://aedit.com/concern/facial-skin-laxity)
- [Hyperpigmentation](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone)

But that’s not all. Perhaps what makes ferulic acid so unique is its ability to [enhance other ingredients](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-ingredient-pairings) in your skincare routine. “It has anti-inflammatory properties and also has a stabilizing effect when combined with other antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E,” explains [Marisa Garshick, MD](https://www.instagram.com/drmarisagarshick/?hl=en), a board certified dermatologist in NYC. Since vitamin C can best be described as ‘temperamental,’ this is an important trait. “Vitamin C is notorious for being unstable, so this combination is frequently seen in over-the-counter preparations,” she explains. 

## **The Best Candidates for Ferulic Acid**
Anyone concerned about preventing free radical damage and proactively treating visible signs of aging and [sun damage](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-treatments-to-correct-sun-damage) can benefit from adding ferulic acid to their skincare routine. Like any antioxidant, ferulic acid may be irritating to those with [sensitive skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin). Patch testing your product on the wrist or under the chin prior to using should give you a sense of how your skin will tolerate it. “I always tell patients to listen to their skin and not change too many things at once,” Dr. Finney cautions. “It is smart to add one skincare product at a time and see how your skin reacts.”

Fortunately, there are a variety of formulas with ferulic acid on the market, so it shouldn’t be too hard to find one that works for your skin type. “For example, those with acne-prone skin may opt for a formulation that won’t clog pores or worsen breakouts,” Dr. Garshick says. “While those with sensitive skin should select a product that is [free of fragrance](https://aedit.com/aedition/fragrance-free-beauty-skincare-for-sensitive-skin) or other possible irritants.”

## **Finding the Right Ferulic Acid Product**
Speaking of finding the right product, you’ll most often find ferulic acid in serum form and paired with other antioxidants. There is perhaps no clearer example than in [SkinCeuticals CE Ferulic](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fproduct_C%2BE%2BFerulic_5230.htm) — a favorite of dermatologists and editors alike thanks to its clinically proven ability to both protect and treat the skin. More recently, the brand introduced [Silymarin CF](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fproduct_Silymarin%2BCF_85561.htm), which is specifically formulated for oily and breakout-prone skin. “It is oil-free and has salicylic acid to help fight off acne, while still containing 15 percent L-ascorbic acid and 0.5 percent ferulic acid,” Dr. Finney says.

If free radical protection is your main goal, Dr. Garshick recommends the [Drunk Elephant C-Firma Day Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fc-firma-day-serum-P400259). “It includes a combination of vitamin C, E, and ferulic acid, as well as fruit nutrients and extracts, to help protect the skin against free-radical damage while also firming and brightening the skin,” she explains.

Regardless of what product you choose, pay attention to the packaging. Ferulic acid should come in a dark or opaque bottle to protect it from light. Even better if it comes in an air-tight pump, as that will prevent oxidation from air. Once you bring it home, be sure to store it in a cool, dry place (i.e. not your steamy bathroom), and pay attention to the color. If the formula turns brown over time that may be an indication that it has oxidized and, therefore, lost some of its effectiveness. 

## **How to Add Ferulic Acid into Your Skincare Routine**
To enjoy the maximum benefits of ferulic acid, use it as part of your [A.M. skincare routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-layer-skincare-products). “While it is often paired with other ingredients, its use in a skincare routine depends on the formulation of the specific product,” Dr. Garshick explains. For example, if the ferulic acid is in serum form, apply it after cleansing but before your [day cream](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-daytime-moisturizers) and [sunscreen](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-sunscreens-of-2021). “That said, there are some moisturizing products that may contain [ferulic acid], in which case it would be fine to use when you apply your moisturizer,” she adds. By using it with sunscreen during daylight hours, Dr. Garshick says ferulic acid gives your skin an extra boost by “neutralizing any free radicals generated from exposures such as UV radiation or pollution.”

## **The Takeaway**
Ferulic acid is a potent and proven antioxidant that protects the skin from environmental aggressors and, in turn, prevents signs of aging. To enjoy the benefits, add it to your morning routine and always pair it with a [broad-spectrum sunscreen](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-lightweight-non-greasy-sunscreens-to-wear-indoors) — no excuses.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

When you think of antioxidants in skincare, you likely think of vitamins C or E. But what about ferulic acid? Here’s what you need to know about the potent free-radical fighter.

Guide To Ferulic Acid In Skincare

Read The Label: All Your Ferulic Acid Questions Answered

alexandre-lecocq-LoXZX5qYAGA-unsplash

*Feel like you need a dictionary every time you look at the ingredient list of a beauty product? Still unsure of the difference between retinol and retinoids? What about the unique benefits of vitamins B, C, and E? Are alpha and beta hydroxy acids the same thing? The skincare aisle can be overwhelming, but you don’t need a PhD in cosmetic chemistry to navigate it. With expert help, The AEDITION is demystifying and simplifying the beauty industry — [one label at a time](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/read-the-label).*

The gifts of sunlight are abundant, but, when it comes to the skin, ultraviolet (UV) rays are bountiful in harmful side effects – [skin cancer](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-conduct-at-home-self-examination-skin-cancer-screenings), [premature signs of aging](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-treatments-to-correct-sun-damage), [sunburns](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-relieve-and-treat-sunburn) are just a few. Vitamin D is often considered to be sourced from the sun, yet it’s a vitamin that can also be found in food, supplements, and topical products. Working as an antioxidant in skincare and an immunity-booster in supplement form, the ingredient can be a benefit to many beauty and wellness regimens. To fully understand the powers of this essential vitamin in both skincare and ingestible form, who it's best for, and how to add it to your routine, we spoke with the experts. 

## **What Is Vitamin D?**
Vitamin D is a naturally occurring vitamin that is “either made via sunlight in the skin (vitamin D3) or synthesis by diet in the gut (vitamins D2 and D3),” says [Morgan Rabach, MD](https://lmmedicalnyc.com/), a board certified dermatologist at LM Medical in New York City. In your diet, the vitamin “actually functions like a hormone and every single cell in your body has a receptor for it,” explains Jules Miller, founder of [The Nue Co](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenueco.com%2F). Vitamin D can be found in foods, like fatty fish and fortified dairy products, though it's “very difficult to get enough from diet alone,” she adds. 

## **The Benefits of Vitamin D**
![Vitamin D Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/6MfYIiOgnsPC9nsBDCU6yu/91c818199fff236fc033554d5df59e77/Vitamin-D-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)
“Vitamin D in the skin helps regulate skin turnover, works with the immune cells to form the skin barrier, and works as an anti-inflammatory powerhouse in the skin,” explains Dr. Rabach. The gentle boost for cell turnover and reduction in inflammation helps patients with skin concerns such as [acne](https://aedit.com/concern/acne), [psoriasis](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-live-with-and-treat-psoriasis), and [eczema](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-products-to-treat-eczema-flare-ups-in-the-winter). It’s antioxidant benefits are what make it a keeper for Celeste Hilling, the founder and CEO of [Skin Authority](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skinauthority.com%2F). “[Vitamin D] produces a protein which protects against free radical and oxidative damage, creates an antimicrobial protein to promote wound healing, keeps the skin moist and glowing, and reduces photo-aging and sun damage,” she shares. There may even be a link between adequate consumption of vitamin D and skin cancer prevention, though it is still [being researched](https://www.jaad.org/article/S0190-96221200802-X/fulltext#secd13148720e1364). 

Because we know that beauty is beyond skin deep, supplements should also be considered as [part of a good skincare routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-dietary-supplements-can-benefit-the-skin). “Vitamin D is important for maintaining good bone density because it works with calcium to form strong bones,” Dr. Rabach explains. “It also helps improve immune function, reduce inflammation, and help insulin sensitivity.”

## **The Best Candidates for Vitamin D**
As the ingredient is naturally sourced through food or sunlight, many individuals can be lacking in vitamin D. “It is estimated that one billion people globally have low levels of vitamin D in their blood,” Miller explains. “Most of us don’t get enough of it, and we all need it for essential functions. From helping calcium absorb to supporting the nervous system, brain, and immune function, vitamin D makes everything you’re already doing work harder.” Being deficient can result in a weakened [immune system](https://aedit.com/aedition/at-home-wellness-routine-for-immunity-mental-health-stress) and a weakened [skin barrier](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-microbiome-skincare-products-ingredients).

Those most at risk for vitamin D deficiency are people with darker skin. A 2011 study found that 41.6 percent of adults in the United States are deficient. The figure goes up to nearly 70 percent in the Latinx population and 82 percent in the Black community. “Having said that, the benefits of vitamin D upon the body are so extensive that we would go as far as to say a vitamin D supplement should be a part of everyone’s supplement routine,” Miller notes. One reason? Production slows with age. “When UVB rays hit our skin, it chemically interacts with the natural D present in our skin to make more Vitamin D,” she explains. “Our level of vitamin D in the skin diminishes as we age because it acts more like a hormone than a vitamin.” 

Now, before you declare yourself vitamin D deficient, it is important to speak with a [board certified](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology) provider to rule out any other conditions and ensure a supplement regimen is right for you. “Most chronic skin conditions can benefit from the use of vitamin D such as eczema, psoriasis, diabetic skin conditions, etc.,” Hilling says. “However, D is a fatty molecule, and, while most skincare formulations on the market do not penetrate the bloodstream, I always recommend that anyone with kidney failure or kidney disease talk with their physician.” Dr. Rabach agrees that the vitamin’s ability to boost cell turnover makes it ideal for patients with skin concerns such as psoriasis. “This is where we prescribe it the most,” she notes.

## **Finding The Right Vitamin D Product**
While it is often listed as ‘vitamin D’ on the label, there are multiple forms of the ingredient to get familiar with. The most commonly found variations are vitamin D2 (a.k.a. ergocalciferol) and D3 (also listed as cholecalciferol). Here’s how to find the right product. 

### **In Skincare**
Whatever format suits your routine is fine, according to Dr. Rabach, and the beauty of this ingredient is that it can be found in a variety of forms. Whether it’s in a cream (we like the [Mario Badescu Vitamin A-D-E Neck Cream](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulta.com%2Fvitamin-a-d-e-neck-cream%3FproductId%3DxlsImpprod14261025)) or lightweight serum ([Skin Authority VitaD Fortified Topical Elixir](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skinauthority.com%2FVitaD-Fortified-Topical-Elixir) is an editor favorite), there are many ways to incorporate it into your regimen. 

The ingredient is such a great team player in skincare that Skin Authority has a [line of products](https://www.skinauthority.com/products/all-products/exclusive_technology/VitaD-Fortified) dedicated to it — all of which are formulated with maximum benefits in mind. “While D2 is plant-based and offers some antioxidant benefits when derived from food sources, it has not been shown to elevate levels of D in the blood as effectively as D3, the human source of vitamin D made in the skin,” Hilling shares. “D3 has proven more effective in clinical testing for visible skin improvement, so it is why we utilize D3 in our formulas.”

### **In Supplements**
Those who find their diet to be lacking vitamin D can find it in supplement form. If you’re looking for a multivitamin, [Hush & Hush TimeCapsule](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhushandhush.com%2Fproduct%2Ftime-capsule%2F) can do the trick. If a quick fix is in order, The Nue Co. has an oral spray — aptly named [Vitamin D](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenueco.com%2Fproducts%2Fvitamin-d) — that delivers a dose in a matter of seconds. “As a sublingual spray, our vitamin D does not go through the digestive system, so it doesn’t need to be taken with food to be absorbed into the body,” Miller explains. “In this way, it can be used any time of the day.”

## **How To Add Vitamin D Into Your Routine**
Ready to add vitamin D to your routine? Here’s how:

### **Into Your Skincare Routine**
Dr. Rabach notes that topical vitamin D can be beneficial in both morning and evening routines, though it is likely to not work when paired with [alpha hydroxy acids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare) or [beta hydroxy acids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-beta-hydroxy-acids-salicylic-acid-in-skincare). She explains that, when used together, the chemical exfoliators “acidify and inactivate vitamin D.” For those looking to get the most out of the ingredient in their skincare, Hilling recommends daily nighttime use. “The skin needs D to make more D,” she says. “Priming the pump a little at night helps when we get light exposure during the day, and it helps with protecting us from other environmental stressors that can damage skin, especially pollution.”

### **Into Your Diet**
As we mentioned, vitamin D is naturally occurring in fatty fish (such as salmon and tuna), egg yolks, mushrooms, and fortified foods (like cereal, orange juice, and soy milk). Those looking to up their vitamin D intake have supplemental options as well — and not just in capsule form. “Vitamin D absorption through sublingual sprays is up to 2.6 times higher than capsules,” Miller notes. 

The Nue Co. uses vitamin D3, specifically, because it is “widely considered to be the best source of vitamin D to supplement with,” she says. While D2 is generally considered to be less expensive to produce and used to fortify cereals and other foods, “it’s not as well metabolized by the body,” she cautions. Her [Vitamin D](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenueco.com%2Fproducts%2Fvitamin-d) spray provides 375 percent of your daily value at 3,000 IU (the [recommended intake](https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-Consumer/) of vitamin D 400 to 800 IU per day). While this may seem like a more than adequate amount, “some studies suggest that a higher daily intake of 1,000 to 4,000 IU is needed to maintain optimal blood levels,” Miller says. 

## **The Takeaway**
While a short stroll in the sun (with [adequate sun protection](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-sunscreens-of-2021), of course) can provide a healthy dose of vitamin D, it’s not reliable for fulfilling your body’s overall needs – nor should it be. Depending on your preferences, vitamin D can be added to your skincare and wellness routine in topical, ingestible, and prescription form (from a board certified dermatologist) to strengthen bones, treat skin concerns, and provide antioxidant-like protection.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Vital for the skin and body, maintaining vitamin D levels isn’t as simple as bathing in sunshine. Here’s what the experts have to say on this anti-inflammatory workhorse.

The Benefits Of Vitamin D In Skincare And Supplements

Read The Label: All Your Vitamin D Questions Answered

julia-kuzenkov-CWX3YvrltsQ-unsplash

At best, a fake tan can give you a golden glow that makes your skin look like you’ve been on a tropical vacation — sans any of the [damaging effects of the sun](https://broadway.aeditor.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-treatments-to-correct-sun-damage). At worst, it can be streaky or inconsistent. If you’ve been following along, you’re familiar with our [tips to tan your face](https://aedit.com/aedition/tips-for-self-tanning-the-face) and which products work best for [lighter skin tones](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-self-tanners-for-fair-skin). But what about making your faux glow last? The beauty of a self-tanner is that it can be achieved in a matter of hours, though maintaining its sunkissed results requires a bit of effort. To ensure you’re able to prolong the results of your bottled bronze without stepping out in the sun, we spoke to the experts to get their tips for extending your at-home tan. 

## **1. Find the Right Product**
From your head to your toes, there’s no greater telltale sign of a faux tan than inconsistent color, and the formula(s) you are using play a big role in that. Finding the right product depends on your glow goals, your routine, and your level of experience. “Make sure to select a sunless tanner that has an even fade technology built into its formulation,” explains Silver Goodwin, brand educator at [Vita Liberata](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vitaliberata.com%2F). “This will save you both time and money.” Another important factor? Buildability. “Make sure when selecting your sunless tanners, that the formula is intended as buildable,” she continues. This allows you to gradually work toward your desired shade while maintaining an even distribution of color

Depending on how comfortable you are applying self-tanner, be sure the product suits your skillset. For some, a buildable lotion is the easiest place to start (the [Lux Unfiltered N°32 Gradual Self-Tanning Cream](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fluxunfiltered.com%2Fcollections%2Fall%2Fproducts%2Fself-tanning-cream) is rich and moisturizing), while others might prefer the traditional tanning mousse ([Vita Liberata Invisi Foaming Tan Water](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fproduct_Invisi%2BMousse%2BFoaming%2BTan%2BWater_76484.htm) has your covered). And then there are those who are firmly in the mist camp (the [St. Tropez Self Tan Classic Mist](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fus.sttropeztan.com%2Fself-tan-classic-mist-6.7-oz%2F11227907.html) is good for a glow-on-the-go). Regardless of your preferences, there are a vast array of formulation and shade options to choose from

## **2. Prep, Of Course!** 
“Before applying any sunless tanner, it is always best to shave and/or wax at least 24 to 72 hours before,” Goodwin suggests. [Physical exfoliation](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-ways-to-exfoliate-body-skincare-scrubs-dry-brush) — whether through shaving, waxing, or a loofa — will create a clean canvas that allows the self-tanner to absorb evenly. It’s a crucial part of the process that can easily be overlooked on both the face and body. When it comes to the face, using either a [chemical exfoliator](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-at-home-chemical-peels-exfoliators) or gentle [physical exfoliator](https://aedit.com/aedition/body-scrubs-body-moisturizers-for-glowing-skin) can help prevent spotty or uneven application. 

Just as important as the products you use to prep your skin are the products you don’t. Goodwin recommends staying away from emollient products, as they can actually interfere with the self-tan. Avoiding deodorant, lotions, and perfumes before tanning will also allow for even penetration, says Sophie Evans, an expert tanning artist and [St. Tropez](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fus.sttropeztan.com%2F) ambassador.

## **3. Apply Yourself**
There’s no secret application method that will prolong the glow, but there are ways to ensure you’re making the most of your ‘tanning’ time:

- **Use in Circular Motions**: When  applying a mousse or lotion, Goodwin says circular motions on the face and body will provide full distribution. 
- **Start from the Bottom**: Evans suggests starting from the legs and working your way up the body — finishing with the hands and feet. 
- **Have a Light Hand**: For tanning the joints (think: knees, elbows, ankles), Evans says to go lightly, as these areas will fold and the skin can appear unnaturally dark. 
- **Care for Your Cuticles**: If you are applying with your hands rather than a mitt, make sure to [care for the cuticles](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-damaged-dry-brittle-finger-nails-cuticles) with a moisturizer beforehand to mitigate staining, Evans notes.
- **Wash Your Hands**: This may seem like an obvious one, but we’d be remiss not to remind you to [wash your hands](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-wash-hands-best-creams-tips-to-prevent-dry-skin) immediately after application to avoid over-tanning the palms. 

## **4. Sleep on It**
If a deeper hue is what you’re aiming for, Evans suggests leaving the product on for about eight hours and avoiding physical activity. As such, the best time to apply self-tanner is in the evening, a few hours before bed, to give it ample time to penetrate the skin. If you’re worried about orange-stained sheets, rest assured that most products don’t leave any residue. If time isn’t on your side, Evans recommends leaving the tanner on for at least an hour before showering to prevent any sweat-induced streaking.

## **5. Moisturize**
One of the secrets to prolonging a faux glow involves leveraging the hydrating products you likely already have. “Moisturizer is used as a barrier and helps protect the skin from shedding,” Evans says. She suggests using a moisturizer on the hands after application of self-tanner, as the hands are more likely to experience a quicker fade. While you want to keep your skin well-hydrated, this is not the time to slather on your richest [body creams](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-body-creams-lotions-balms-for-every-skin-concern) (more on that below).

## **6. Re-Apply Yourself**
As Goodwin mentioned before, a buildable tanner offers greater customization, which makes it a foolproof option for most people. Even so, the first time might not be the charm. If correction is necessary, Goodwin has a solution. “If you come across an area that simply didn’t get the same amount of love as another, focus only on that area with another layer of tanner and be sure to blend well,” she explains. 

When it comes to reapplying (not fixing patchiness), Goodwin warns that constant layering is a no-no. A body self-tanner is designed to last anywhere from seven to 10 days, while the face may be a lot less (depending on your skincare regimen). Only reapply once the tan has started to fade and needs a touch-up. 

## **7. Avoid These Faux Glow Erasers**
Now that you know what to do, here’s what not to do. If you’re planning on a pool day, you may want to stay out of the water. Chlorine (like other chemicals) can strip away the tan. And then there is your beauty regimen to consider. Goodwin says to “avoid lotions or products containing heavy oils” for the duration of your bronze. “Oil will degrade the longevity of your tan,” she warns. 

## **The Takeaway**
Sunless tanning is not only a quick fix, it's also a skin-safe alternative to outdoor tanning and tanning beds. The harmful effects of the [UV exposure](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-skin-cancer-screenings-mole-checks) it takes to achieve a golden glow may not appear on the surface of the skin right away, but, once they manifest, they can be deadly. To protect your skin and get the most from your self-tanner, take the time to [find a product you like](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-self-tanners-for-face-body-summer-2020), exfoliate well, apply evenly, touch-up as necessary, and, most importantly, enjoy your glow. 

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Expert Opinion

Self-tanners are a cost-effective and safe way to glow, so why not get the most from your efforts? Here’s how to prolong that sun-kissed look.

How To Make Your Self-Tan Last Longer

7 Tips For Prolonging Your Self-Tanner

kindred-hues-photography-E0xmM33td1w-unsplash

The square-inch of [skin under the eyes](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-the-skin-around-the-eyes-with-skincare-and-non-surgical-cosmetic-procedures) may be tiny, but it packs a punch. Sagging, darkness, wrinkles — there are a host of concerns that can show up in the under eyes, many of which worsen over time. “The skin located right beneath the eye is thinner than the rest of the skin on your face,” says [Mariana Vergara, NP-C](https://www.instagram.com/marianalvergara/), an aesthetic nurse practitioner in Beverly Hills. “As we age, there is a loss of elasticity and collagen and the skin becomes even thinner.” Another issue? How much we use our eyes. “This area is constantly in motion, causing fine lines to appear,” she notes.

Due to the nature of the under eye area, it requires an approach different from the rest of your facial treatment routine. “The eyes are one of the features we are naturally drawn to when we look at someone’s face,” says [Charles Pierce, MD](https://www.normanrowemd.com/our-practice/dr-charles-pierce/), a double board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon at Rowe Plastic Surgery. But, as he points out, under eye concerns aren’t a one-size-fits-all problem. “Each patient needs a proper evaluation of what will work for their needs,” Dr. Pierce says. “Under eye treatments are tailored to what the major problem is but almost always are approached with multiple modalities.”

So, what does the combination therapy entail? We asked the experts.

## **In-Office Under Eye Rejuvenation Treatments** 
When skincare (think: [eye cream](https://aedit.com/aedition/eye-creams-serums-to-treat-crows-feet-dark-circles-puffiness)) alone is no longer doing the trick, patients often turn to invasive and non-invasive procedures to refresh the under eye area — and providers say that a multi-pronged approach can create the most youthful, energetic-looking appearance. Below are some of the most popular non-surgical [under eye rejuvenation procedures](https://aedit.com/procedure/eye-rejuvenation-solutions):

### **1. Botox®**
The providers we consulted all suggest patients address the look of the skin and the quality of the skin separately. First and foremost, Dr. Pierce’s go-to treatment for the under eyes includes [Botox®](https://aedit.com/procedure/periorbital-botox), which is “great to soften the exaggerated muscle or animation response.” From there, he adds on a [chemical peel](https://aedit.com/procedure/superficial-chemical-peels), [microneedling](https://aedit.com/procedure/microneedling), or [laser](https://aedit.com/procedure/nonablative-laser-skin-resurfacing) session to tighten the skin and lighten pigmentation (a low key cause of dark circles). 

Board certified oculofacial plastic and reconstructive surgeon [David Isaacs, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/david-isaacs-md-912), has a similar approach at his Beverly Hills practice. “Peels and lasers will typically smooth out the wrinkles and tighten the skin,” he says, while Botox® will address fine lines. Together, these treatments target multiple problem areas and lead to a synergistic result. 

### **2. Under Eye Filler**
For patients whose under eye concerns involve [dark circles](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-aesthetic-procedures-to-minimize-dark-circles) as a result of hollow-like appearance, [under eye filler](https://aedit.com/procedure/under-eye-filler) can be performed alone or tacked onto other treatments. “Dermal fillers are used to restore the volume loss and improve the hollowness in these areas,” Vergara says. Dermal fillers not only fill the space under the eyes, they also stimulate collagen production. Long term that will plump and thicken the delicate skin.

### **3. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)**
You may be familiar with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for [facial rejuvenation](https://aedit.com/procedure/vampire-facelift), [hair loss](https://aedit.com/procedure/plateletrich-plasma-prp-for-hair-loss), and even [sexual health](https://aedit.com/procedure/oshot), but did you know it can also be used under the eyes? Dr. Pierce says PRP “can really improve that tired look.” According to Vergara, the plasma can be injected alone or mixed into filler for improved results. The platelets release growth factors, she says, which “signal surrounding cells to repair damaged tissue and regenerate new tissue.” The result is stronger skin, smoothed wrinkles, and an overall refreshed look. 

### **4. Radiofrequency (RF)**
For patients with [skin types](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-laser-skin-hair-removal-treatments-for-darker-skin-tones) that may not be suitable for laser treatments, radiofrequency (RF) — which uses energy to stimulate the skin — may be an alternative. Vergara, who likes the therapy for patients with darker skin, says RF can address “fine lines, wrinkles, and under-eye bags. “It stimulates collagen and elastin production in this area, improving skin quality,” she notes. 

## **A Surgical Alternative...**
While this piece has largely focused on the array of non-surgical treatment options that exist to rejuvenate the under eye area, surgery may prove to be the best and most effective option for certain patients. When needed, Dr. Isaacs addresses age-related under eye bags with a [lower eyelid blepharoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/lower-eyelid-blepharoplasty-transcutaneous-approach). This procedure can tighten the muscle, eliminate excess skin, and reposition fat. “Many surgeons perform this procedure under [general anesthesia](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-anesthesia), however, I perform this procedure with either oral or IV sedation,” Dr. Isaacs explains. The benefit? “There's no breathing tube, and there's less nausea after the procedure,” he says.

Aesthetics

The square-inch of skin under the eyes may be tiny, but it packs a punch. What’s the best way to treat it? We asked the experts.

Under Eye Rejuvenation: Best Cosmetic Procedures For Crow's Feet, Dark Circles, Eye Bags

4 In-Office Treatments For Under Eye Rejuvenation

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Call it the ‘[Zoom effect](https://aedit.com/aedition/aedit-survey-reveals-how-2020-altered-aesthetic-landscape)’: Many of us are spending more time than ever staring at our faces on videochat cameras each day, and, perhaps due to all those hours spent studying our own features, plastic surgery requests have skyrocketed. According to the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS), 70 percent of facial plastic surgeons have seen an uptick in bookings during the pandemic. And patients are looking for more than just injectables — a [recent report](https://www.aafprs.org/Media/Press_Releases/PageTemplates/New%20Survey%20Results%20Announced%20Feb.%201,%202021.aspx) says that demand for surgical procedures, like facelifts, is on the rise. 

Once you’ve reserved that time on your surgeon’s table, you want to make it count. Choosing to undergo multiple procedures at once helps [minimize recovery time](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-aesthetic-procedures-to-combine-to-maximize-appointments), saves the (even slight) COVID-19 risk of visiting a doctor in-person again, and, maybe most importantly, maximizes the impact of the results. The tried-and-true rhytidectomy (read: [facelift](https://aedit.com/aedition/popularity-of-facelift-cosmetic-surgery-for-aging-sagging-neck)) is one such surgery that can greatly benefit from strategic pairings, and we spoke to top plastic surgeons about the procedures they most often combine with facelifts. 

## **Why Combine?**
“It’s important for patients to understand that facelifts alone do not address the perioral areas [around the mouth] and, in general, do not address nasolabial folds,” says [Charles Pierce, MD](https://www.normanrowemd.com/our-practice/dr-charles-pierce/), a double board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon at [Rowe Plastic Surgery](https://www.normanrowemd.com/). To put it in layman's terms: A facelift isn’t a be-all, end-all solution for signs of aging around the face. This distinction highlights the utter importance of making sure you and your doctor have an honest conversation about desired results. 

If you’re hoping for tighter, more youthful-looking skin around the nose and mouth or have concerns about your upper face, you may be better suited for a combination procedure — and your doctor should walk you through the possibilities and projected results step by step. “One of the things I love most about plastic surgery is that I have the tools and the creativity to help patients on their journey to accomplish their goals,” says [David Shafer, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/david-shafer-md-153), a double board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon and founder of Shafer Clinic in New York City.

## **What to Combine with a Facelift** 
As we’ve learned, the best pairing for your facelift depends on your aesthetic goals, but there are some common surgical and non-surgical combos that address a wide array of cosmetic concerns. “Facelifts reposition tissues but do not replace volume lost with age, relax facial muscles, or resurface skin,” explains [Adam Schaffner, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/adam-schaffner-md-33), a triple board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC. “It may be of benefit in some patients to combine a facelift with non-surgical or minimally invasive procedures.” 

Bring these suggestions to your own [consultation](https://aedit.com/aedition/questions-to-ask-your-doctor-during-plastic-surgery-consultation), so your surgeon can work with you individually to customize a combination tailored to your desired results.

### **1. Facelift + Blepharoplasty** 
[Blepharoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/upper-eyelid-blepharoplasty) (a.k.a. eyelid surgery or eyelid lift), is combined with facelift about 50 percent of the time in Dr. Shafer’s office. Because a facelift focuses on the lower and mid-face, patients with [aging or tired eyes](https://aedit.com/concern/aging-and-tired-eyes) may not see the results they desire in the upper portion of the face without additional intervention. The blepharoplasty procedure removes excess fat and sagging skin around the upper eyelids, lower lids, or both. In conjunction with a facelift, it creates the appearance of a [rejuvenated eye area](https://aedit.com/procedure/eye-rejuvenation-solutions) and overall refreshed look.

### **2. Facelift + Brow Lift**
Like a blepharoplasty, a [brow lift](https://aedit.com/aedition/theres-more-to-a-brow-lift-than-meets-the-eye) (a.k.a. forehead lift) can improve the appearance of the upper face. “Usually, the aging face isn’t just plagued by sagging, loose skin,” says [Lauren Chmielewski, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/lauren-chmielewski-md-143), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC. To truly meet the patient’s needs, additional ‘lifts’ are needed, and a brow lift can tighten excess skin in the upper third of the face, restoring sagging brows and helping to get rid of the wavy lines on the forehead.

### **3. Facelift + Necklift**
Procedures that address the upper face aren’t the only add-ons. “Usually, when I’m treating the aging face, I concentrate on the face and neck,” Dr. Chmielewski says. A taut, youthful-looking face can look off atop a sagging neck. Since the neck often ages faster than the face, pairing a rhytidectomy (facelift) with a [lower rhytidectomy (neck lift)](https://aedit.com/procedure/neck-lift-lower-rhytidectomy) can address any discrepancies in one fell swoop. Performed alone or in conjunction with a facelift, a [neck lift](https://aedit.com/aedition/mini-neck-lift-procedure-results-side-effects) tightens and eliminates the excess skin, fat, and/or banding that often forms as we age.

### **4. Facelift + Chin Implant**
We’ve already covered the benefits of [combining chin augmentation and rhinoplasty](https://aedit.com/aedition/combining-rhinoplasty-and-chin-augmentation), but [enhancing the chin](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-chin-augmentation-enhancement-procedures) can improve facelift results, too. Dr. Shafer says it helps to “strengthen the chin projection,” which improves the balance and harmony of the entire face. While filler and fat grafting (more on that below) can also be used to augment the chin and jawline, a [chin implant](https://aedit.com/procedure/alloplastic-chin-implant) involves placing a synthetic implant on or around the chin to alter the shape of the face.

### **5. Facelift + Fat Grafting**
“Fat transfer or using injectable fillers, such as Restylane®, Juvéderm®, or RHA® products, will help to restore facial volume,” Dr. Schaffner shares. [Fat grafting](https://aedit.com/aedition/why-everyone-is-talking-about-fat-grafting) involves taking fat from one area of the body (i.e. a donor site) via liposuction and repurposing it elsewhere. The donor site is often the thighs or stomach (basically, anywhere you have [excess fat](https://aedit.com/concern/excess-fat)), and, once processed, the fat can be used to plump the cheeks, under eyes, lips, chin, hands, and even earlobes. Unlike synthetic fillers that are temporary, [fat grafting](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-dermal-fillers-vs-fat-grafting-for-facial-rejuvenation-contouring) is considered a permanent solution with no risk of rejection. With that said, the final results of fat grafting can take three to six months to reveal themselves. This is the length of time it takes for the graft to become established in its new location, and, during that period, the body re-absorbs a percentage of the fat (usually around 30 to 50 percent). 

### **6. Facelift + Neurotoxins**
Another injectable that can be paired with a facelift? [Neurotoxins](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-neurotoxin-botulinum-type-a-injections-botox-dysport-jeuveau-xeomin). “Using Botox®, Dysport®, Jeuveau®, or Xeomin® will help relax muscle causing facial wrinkles associated with repeated movements,” Dr. Schaffner says. These neuromodulators can be employed to treat the areas of the face not addressed by the facelift surgery — like horizontal forehead lines, glabellar lines (i.e. frown lines), crow’s feet around the eyes, and more.

### **7. Facelift + Lasers**
Sure, a facelift addresses the *shape* of the skin, but it can’t do anything about the *look* of it. Enter lasers treatments. “Lasers can be used to help resurface the skin to reduce wrinkles,” Dr. Schaffner explains. There are many types of lasers, but, for patients with the right [skin tone](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-laser-skin-hair-removal-treatments-for-darker-skin-tones), ablative devices can resurface the skin, diminish dark spots, minimize the appearance of scars, and promote collagen production. “Because there is some downtime after a facelift, getting an [ablative laser treatment](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-ablative-laser-skin-resurfacing) at the time of your facelift is a great way to refresh your skin as well,” Dr. Pierce says. 

### **8. Facelift + TCA Peel**
If you're looking for another way to address the tone and texture of the skin, a chemical peel may be it. Short for trichloroacetic acid, a [TCA peel](https://aedit.com/procedure/tca-peel) is a medium-to-deep intensity chemical peel that addresses fine lines and wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, melasma spots, and skin texture. Dr. Shafer performs this non-invasive procedure in conjunction with facelift quite often — about 75 percent of the time. Like laser resurfacing, combining a chemical peel with a facelift allows you to make the most of your [downtime and recovery period](https://aedit.com/aedition/facelift-recovery-healing-process) and more holistically address the quality of the skin. 

The facelift is a classic for a reason, but, depending on your aesthetic goals, the surgery can benefit from strategic procedure pairings. Here, top plastic surgeons share their go-to combos.

Best Cosmetic Procedures To Combine With A Facelift

The 8 Best Procedures To Combine With A Facelift

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Sewing needles date back some 60,000 years, but the history of needles in medicine can be traced to 1844, when the first hypodermic needle was created in Ireland. Biocompatible facial injectables, meanwhile, came to market in the 1960s and 1970s, but it took a few more decades for the technology to become what it is today. With the boom of medical aesthetics, it’s not just the tools that have seen innovation. The [techniques](https://aedit.com/aedition/aquagold-botox-microdosing-facial) in which they are administered has also evolved to offer a more comfortable experience that yields a subtle, natural-looking, and youthful result. 

[Dermal fillers](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-dermal-fillers) address soft tissue loss, depressed scars, atrophy, or asymmetry, while [neuromodulators](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-neurotoxin-botulinum-type-a-injections-botox-dysport-jeuveau-xeomin), like Botox®, temporarily relax muscles to prevent wrinkles or reduce the appearance of them (they also have therapeutic indications to treat [excessive sweating](https://aedit.com/procedure/botox-for-hyperhidrosis), migraines, and even [jaw pain](https://aedit.com/aedition/botox-to-treat-tmj-disorders-and-jaw-slimming)). Many consider aesthetic providers akin to sculptors, molding and [shaping the face](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-reshape-your-face-with-filler-botox-injectables) with aesthetics *and* anatomy in mind. The structure of facial muscles and the location of blood vessels and nerves will determine where injectables are placed, how they are administered, and what kind of needle is used. 

Skilled with a syringe and instructed with a vision, their hands work to gently insert the injectable in ways that complement the facial structure. To further understand the process of injecting from a provider’s perspective, we spoke with the experts. 

## **Injectable Techniques** 
During the [consultation process](https://aedit.com/aedition/questions-to-ask-your-doctor-during-plastic-surgery-consultation) and facial assessment, “providers should discuss their method of injecting with their patient,” explains [Kian Karimi, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/kian-karimi-md-17458), a double board certified facial plastic reconstructive surgeon in Los Angeles. Those who are [needle-wary](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-needles-used-for-cosmetic-injectables-botox-filler) can feel safe as their faces are marked for proper injection placement, as each requires the utmost precision. 

So, what goes on as the needle is inserted? Here are a few of the techniques used in aesthetic medicine: 

- **Multiple Injection**: Also known as serial puncture or ‘string of pearls,’ this technique is done through multiple injection sites to address specific areas of concern. In cases when a single droplet or a few are necessary to help create symmetry, the [single-injection technique](https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ebooks/lookinside/10.1055/b-0034-64043#) is referred to as ‘depot.’ This has become the [preferred method](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4086532/) in the last few decades for neuromodulator injections, though it may create more bruising. “With depot, you can go down to the bone or tissue and do a bolus of filler,” explains [Jason Emer, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/jason-emer-md-722), a board certified dermatologist in West Hollywood.  
- **Linear Threading**: Also known as tunneling, linear threading works as the needle is inserted, withdrawing the injectable in one move. This method can be performed in two ways: retrograde and anterograde. With the retrograde technique, the injectable is withdrawn in droplet amounts as the injector removes the needle. With anterograde, the product is injected when the needle is inserted. Anterograde may be performed for [tear troughs](https://aedit.com/procedure/under-eye-filler) or the vermilion border because it allows the injector to better visualize the product tracking. Retrograde linear threading is used to [fill in deeper wrinkles](https://www.reviewofophthalmology.com/article/putting-injectable-facial-fillers-to-their-best-use) (think: the nasolabial folds and marionette lines) or to [plump the lips](https://aedit.com/procedure/lip-augmentation-solutions). 
- **Fanning**: Often done in the cheeks, this technique allows for more product to be distributed throughout the area. Referred to as fanning because the needle is only inserted once and then redirected to a different radial plane, Dr. Emer says this style decreases [bruising](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-bruising-after-lasers-filler-botox) risk due to limited injection sites. 
- **Cross-Hatching**: Done through a row of linear threads overlapped by another row aligned at an ‘X’ angle to create a slanted grid-like pattern, this technique allows for the injector to fill more product in the desired area. The multiple linear thread injections may be performed in specific areas, such as nasolabial folds or [cheeks](https://aedit.com/procedure/cheek-augmentation-with-fillers), to evenly distribute the product, though it may lead to more bruising. 
- **Grid**: Similar to cross-hatching, the grid technique is done through linear threads at a right angle to allow for more distribution of the [injectable](https://aedit.com/aedition/new-injectables-neurotoxins-fillers-for-face-body). 
- **Ferning**: Similar to linear threading and fanning, ferning is performed by inserting the needle and injecting the product while retracting it in a retrograde fashion. Then, along the thread, the needle is moved out to the sides imitating a fern leaf. 

## **So, Needle or Cannula?** 
Injectable technique depends on the facial landscape, patient's desires, and product used, Dr. Emer says, and there are [different tools](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-needles-used-for-cosmetic-injectables-botox-filler) that have different benefits. Traditional needles provide more precise injection, while cannulas are favored for their decreased risk of bruising and swelling. “Ultimately, you should seek a skilled professional regardless of if they use needles or cannulas,” says [Lesley Rabach, MD](https://lmmedicalnyc.com/dr-lesley-rabach/), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon at LM Medical in NYC. 

### **Needle**
Allowing for more precision but also, often, more bruising, Dr. Karimi says needles are best used for deep temples, midline of the chin, hairline, and fine line injections. “In the temple, for example, you can inject with a needle safely deep on the bone of the temporal fossa,” he explains. Needles may also provide more precision, especially in depot injections. 

### **Cannula**
“The use of a cannula turns injecting into an art form – you become a sculptor,” Dr. Karimi explains. He notes that the tool itself is a longer, blunt-tipped version of a needle, which allows it to target more areas of treatment from a single insertion port. “I inform all of my patients of my use of the cannula almost exclusively and the benefits, such as minimal bruising, with them,” Dr. Rabach shares.

While she believes that cannulas are “inherently safer to be used for injectables,” they come with their own side effects. “The one downside is that it can sometimes cause more [swelling](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-minimize-swelling-after-cosmetic-surgery) temporarily that is self-limited, but patients would much prefer this than the potential of weeks of bruising,” she says. 

## **Interchanging Techniques & Needles**
With individual patient concerns come individual solutions, and, for many, their skin, gender, and age will play a role in the approach the injector takes. Providers will assess the patient and, in some cases, alter the tools, techniques, or even formulations used. “A cannula is safer in the superficial portion of the temple hollow,” Dr. Karimi explains. “I use a 25-gauge cannula and dilute the filler in a one to one dilution with 0.9 cc saline and 0.1 cc 2 percent lido.” This approach “minimizes the risk of a vascular occlusion” and helps to “avoid a puffy look in this area,” he adds.  

It should also be noted that certain treatment areas will require a multimodal approach, Dr. Emer notes. “Each technique has its pros and cons,” he says. “The average injector does a mix of depot and linear threads.” Dr. Rabach agrees, explaining that, in areas such as the cheeks, singular drops or depots will be needed. In such cases, “a needle is preferred,” she says. 

But, in the right cases, she maintains that “a cannula provides a nearly pain-free experience, significantly reduced chance of bruising, and precise placement of filler as opposed to a needle.” Experience, however, is key. “It is a highly technical approach that cannot be done by just anyone,” she cautions. 

## **The Takeaway** 
Like Rome, injectable skills and techniques are not built in a day. They require a medically astute injector who understands the anatomy of the face, the behavior of the injectable, and the needs of the patient. To deliver the best results in the most comfortable way, providers may use one of the various treatment methods in their arsenal. Before undergoing any aesthetic procedure, be sure to consult with a board certified doctor or surgeon who is [highly trained](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-the-right-plastic-surgeon-dermatologist-or-cosmetic-dentist) in the procedure and methodolgy you are interested in.

Whether it’s a neurotoxin or dermal filler, facial injectables come in different forms and need to be administered accordingly. Here’s what you need to know.

Best Facial Injectable Techniques And Tools For Dermal Filler And Botox

A Guide To Facial Injectable Techniques And Needles

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If you ask a makeup lover to talk about the favorite parts of their makeup collection, most people would mention a color eyeshadow, a glistening highlighter, or a [stays-matte-all-day](https://aedit.com/aedition/makeup-artist-tips-for-applying-makeup-for-summer-2020) foundation. But, if you ask a makeup artist the same question, it’s likely that they’ll mention their brushes. 

Makeup brushes are to makeup artists what paintbrushes are to painters or a beloved guitar pick is to a musician, but most people don’t realize how integral brushes are to our own makeup kits. One reason? There’s not a ton of information out there about what makes a 'good' makeup brush, so you may not even know what to look for. To better understand how to choose a makeup brush, we asked three expert makeup artists for their tips, tricks, and must-haves.

## **The Makeup Brushes That Should Be in Everyone’s Kit**
Whether you’re a makeup maven or are just starting out on your color cosmetics journey, there are certain types of brushes that should be the foundation of your makeup kit. “A great starting point would be a foundation brush, a concealer brush, a powder brush, an eyeshadow blending brush, and an eye shadow flat brush,” says makeup artist and educator [Rose Siard](https://www.instagram.com/roseandben/?hl=en). “This should get you most places you need to go for day to day looks.” 

### **Essential Makeup Brushes:**

- Foundation Brush
- Concealer Brush
- Powder Brush
- Eye Shdow Blending Brush
- Flat Eye Shadow Brush

Once you’ve got the basics down, there are a few more brushes that you may want to consider to top off your tool kit.

### **Additional Makeup Brushes:**

- Contour Brush 
- Crease Brush
- Eyeliner Brush 
- Lip Brush

Despite the allure of the expansive brush collections makeup gurus love to show off online, there is no need to go crazy. Celebrity makeup artist [Sandy Linter](https://www.instagram.com/sandylinter/?hl=en) says you shouldn’t feel like you need to have a massive kit. Her advice? Ask yourself how many brushes you will actually use. “Makeup artists can have a hundred brushes because they know which ones work where, but don’t confuse yourself with a large brush kit,” she cautions. 

## **How to Choose a Makeup Brush**
So, now that you know the types of makeup brushes you need, it’s time to break down what sets a good brush apart from an average one.

### **1. Consider the fiber density**
Fiber density refers to how many bristles are placed into the ferrule (the metal ring that separates the bristles from the handle) of a brush, and it’s a key indicator of how a brush will deposit color on to your face. A dense brush will lead to a higher color payoff, while a brush with a lower fiber density will give you a softer application. Generally, eyeshadow brushes should be denser than the brushes you use for blush or for blending. The best way to examine a brush’s density before you buy is to see it in person. But, with COVID-19 restrictions still in place, Siard suggests asking for recommendations, looking at the description of the brush on the brand’s website, and reading reviews.

### **2. Check out the material**
The hairs that make up a makeup brush are either made of synthetic or natural fibers. Natural usually means that it’s [come from an animal](https://magazine.lneonline.com/how-its-made-makeup-brushes/), like a goat, sable (i.e. weasel), or squirrel, which has long raised questions about how ethically the hairs are sourced. While natural brushes used to be preferred because they were said to be softer and offer better color payoff, the attitude has shifted as technological advances greatly improved the quality of synthetic tools. “I think synthetic hair fibers are the go-to,” Siard explains. “Not only are they cruelty free, but they are also virtually indistinguishable from natural hair in regard to feel and application.” 

### **3. Prioritize quality over quantity**
When it comes to building a brush kit, you will likely get what you pay for. “Cheap brushes usually don’t hold up when they are cleaned, and they can fan out,” Linter notes. Additionally, Siard believes that good brushes can make makeup better. “In my opinion, a great quality brush can make up for a poor quality product,” she shares. “I would rather have one great eye shadow brush than three subpar ones.”

### **4. Know when to splurge**
One more thing to keep in mind? The type of brush you need. Celebrity makeup artist and groomer [Brandy Allen](https://www.instagram.com/brandyallen/?hl=en) recommends investing in face brushes (think: foundation, powder, etc.), as they are “used on the biggest part of the makeup application.” Linter, meanwhile, likes to splurge on blush and shadow brushes. If you are in the market for a [lip brush](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-lipstick), it may be another tool worth spending a bit more on because Linter says it can be hard to find one that is full enough. On the flip side, our experts agree that there are great budget-friendly highlighter and eyeliner brushes that will do the trick for a fraction of the price.

## **Expert-Approved Makeup Brushes**
Ready to upgrade your makeup brush game? Below are five makeup artist- and editor-approved tools to tackle your face, eyes, and body.

### **For Multitasking**: Anisa Beauty Multi-Powder Brush
![AEDIT-Anisa1](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/2pQphYZ1qFLw9Mu8DGpRFI/0d2dc4beaaef12582d93371e7cd5b1fc/AEDIT-Anisa1.png)
Anisa Beauty’s makeup and [skincare brushes](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-brushes-for-face-masks-creams-serums) are Allen’s go-to, and this extremely versatile powder brush can be used to apply everything from blush and bronzer to highlighter and setting powder. $40, [anisabeauty.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anisabeauty.com%2Fcollections%2Fpresent%2Fproducts%2Fmulti-powder-brush) 

### **For Face & Body**: Fenty Beauty by Rihanna Face & Body Kabuki Brush 160
![AEDIT-Fenty](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/3NEhGOFeIWYFUsKYZRomcm/2e38943d96b208ea5741986396cb61e2/AEDIT-Fenty.png)
Kabuki brushes are short-handled brushes with dense bristles and a rounded shape. While they’re traditionally recommended to be used with powders, your liquid products can be applied with a kabuki brush, too. This option from Fenty is good for applying foundation, powders, highlighters, and shimmers to your face, neck, décolleté, and arms. $34, [sephora.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fface-body-kabuki-brush-160-P97417774%3Ficid2%3Dproducts%2520grid%3Ap97417774) 

### **For Contouring:** Surratt Beauty Artistique Sculpting Brush
![AEDIT-Surratt](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/4Q2zR1smjGRRWkMdZZW4YJ/4d9b118557a163461a0af17866675e1b/AEDIT-Surratt.png)
One of the pricier picks on our list, Linter says this brush is worth it because of who made it. “Troy Surratt is a makeup artist, so he understands the various needs of a brush,” she says. This sculpting tool allows for subtle and strategic [contouring](https://aedit.com/aedition/contouring-tips-from-celebrity-makeup-artist-patrick-ta) — no streaky lines here. $120, [surrattbeauty.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.surrattbeauty.com%2Fcollections%2Fbest-sellers%2Fproducts%2Fartistique-sculpting-brush) 

### **For Eye Makeup**: Beautyblender High Roller Crease Brush & Cooling Roller
![AEDIT-Beautyblender](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/1beaKi99rJCfHZvMf6O8hT/4e8ecdc989003eade7b00dde96545949/AEDIT-Beautyblender.png)
You obviously know Beautyblender for its sponges, but the brand's dual-sided makeup brushes deserve a spot in your kit, too. This fluffy, synthetic-bristle brush is perfect for applying and blending eye makeup — no matter your eye shape or skill set — while the cooling roller tip depuffs and smoothes under eyes. $33, [sephora.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fhigh-roller-crease-brush-cooling-roller-P449144%3Ficid2%3Dproducts%2520grid%3Ap449144) 

### **For Foundation**: Anisa Beauty Pinnacle Foundation Brush
![AEDIT-Anisa2](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/6jAShKDX9mF9Uv0kbNT8BL/b3dcd231e6947c649297e1efff0022c8/AEDIT-Anisa2.png)
Siard says that this brush is one of her faves because applying [foundation](https://aedit.com/aedition/fall-2019-liquid-powder-foundations-makeup-skincare) can be “so tricky” compared to other products. The dense triangle-shaped tool pairs perfectly with cream and liquid makeup, which the pro says makes an “enormous difference” in the application process. $30, [anisabeauty.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anisabeauty.com%2Fcollections%2Fpresent%2Fproducts%2Fpinnacle-foundation-brush) 

### **For Newbies**: Zoeva Coral Shine Brush Set
![AEDIT-Zoeva](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/13pNAWlqfd4cd6qSiFFSG6/e6f6defa5911104d2763a741ae13debb/AEDIT-Zoeva.png)
Whehter you’re building your kit from scratch or looking to start fresh, this nine-piece set has everything you’ll need and nothing more. With four face brushes and five eye brushes, your entire face will love Zoeva’s vegan designs. $95, [zoevacosmetics.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzoevacosmetics.com%2Fproducts%2Fcoral-shine-brush-set) 

## **How to Take Care of Your Makeup Brushes**
Here’s the good news: spending money on quality brushes means you can count on them to stand up well to the tests of time, and you can generally expect your makeup brushes to last a couple of years. In fact, Linter says she has two brushes in her kit that she’s had since the 1990s. To ensure longevity, however, your brushes need to be cared for. 

Regularly [washing your brushes](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-clean-makeup-brushes-sponges) is a must to remove the residue and bacteria that weakens both the skin barrier and the brush fibers. Siard cleans her brushes every four days, while Allen opts for a daily wash. If you know that’s not going to happen for you, she suggests using a brush cleaner each day and then going for a deep cleanse every one to two weeks, depending on how often you use them. 

You’ll know it’s time to throw out a brush when the bristles start to shed, fray, or become stiff. If you notice a broken handle or ferrule, it’s also time to toss, as bacteria can enter the crack. Another clue that it might be time to swap your brushes? They're no longer applying your makeup evenly. 

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

The most overlooked part of your makeup routine is actually the most important, and we’ve asked three makeup artists to share their tips.

The AEDITION

Ask The Expert