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Aesthetics

From the calves to the brows and everywhere in between, there’s a multitude of places where neurotoxins work wonders.

All The Places On The Face And Body To Use Botox Injections

21 Places To Use Botox From Head To Toe

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In case you haven’t heard, September 6 is National Read a Book Day. And while we are so grateful for the time you spend reading the content we create here on The AEDITION, we’d be remiss not to let you in on a few of our favorite topical tomes that were written by some of our go-to experts. From the secrets of Park Avenue plastic surgery to the history of makeup, we’re rounding up the best books about aesthetics, beauty, and wellness from some of the foremost thought leaders in the industry.

### **For the Pre-Op Phase**: The Boob Job Bible: Your Ultimate Guide to Breast Surgery
![AEDIT-DrBuford](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/3dsNebxQRu92B9f3YnD2EQ/2ab2bbc1f476c7ef7d61ff1b0c432539/AEDIT-DrBuford.jpg)
Perfect for the patient who is considering going up a few cup sizes, Denver-based board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon [Gregory Buford, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/gregory-buford-md-1015), has assembled the ultimate guide to breast augmentation. From choosing the right implants and timing for your procedure to ensuring a safe and healthy recovery, Dr. Buford dispenses expert tips and insights gleaned from his 20 years in practice. *download your copy at* [beautybybuford.com](https://www.beautybybuford.com/the-boob-job-bible-guide-breast-enhancement/)  

### **For the Skincare Savant**: Heal Your Skin: The Breakthrough Plan for Renewal
![AEDIT-DrShamban](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/3oVxMr0CjXfoyNIdj86TAs/5b6f145de981a8eba9fead59f32c6eae/AEDIT-DrShamban.jpg)
Consider this book the next best thing to a consultation with Beverly Hills-based board certified dermatologist [Ava Shamban, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/ava-shamban-md-2325). Since the prescription for a happy, healthy complexion is anything but one-size-fits-all, Dr. Shamban offers an array of skincare, nutrition, and fitness tips with specific regimens tailored to age, skin type, and concerns. Basically, there is something for everyone. $32, [barnesandnoble.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barnesandnoble.com%2Fw%2Fheal-your-skin-ava-shamban%2F1100259724%3Fean%3D9781630260989) 

### **For the History Buff**: Face Paint: The Story of Makeup
![AEDIT-LisaEldridge](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/75I2oipPQ82EkrP7YPyFHi/d10081cabc5930d3dace838a8c6b3cc8/AEDIT-LisaEldridge.jpg)
Makeup, as we know it today, has only come about in the last century or so, but the concept of decorating one’s face has dates back to ancient times. Here, celebrity makeup artist [Lisa Eldridge](https://www.instagram.com/lisaeldridgemakeup/?hl=en) explores the history of makeup as an art form and how the products themselves have evolved. You don’t have to be interested in cosmetics to appreciate its cultural significance, which is exactly what Eldridge’s tome uncovers. $27, [bookshop.org](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fbooks%2Fface-paint-the-story-of-makeup%2F9781419717963) 

### **For the Prospective Patient**: The Real Beauty Bible: Navigating Your Journey Through Plastic Surgery
![AEDIT-DrBrown](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/2oIUFeeOoJasgbzLuO5l7d/7ac345581677348b87ffd80f2c525f36/AEDIT-DrBrown.jpg)
Interested in cosmetic procedures but not sure where to start? [Richard Brown, MD](https://www.richardjbrownmd.com/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Scottsdale, AZ, has assembled a comprehensive manual to guide patients from research through recovery. Discover treatments, get advice on how to find the right provider, and learn more about what to expect pre- and post-op. Consider this a must-read prior to having a procedure. $25, [barnesandnoble.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barnesandnoble.com%2Fw%2Fthe-real-beauty-bible-richard-j-brown-md%2F1131663282) 

### **For the Best Tressed**: True Color: The Essential Hair Color Handbook
![AEDIT-TraceyCunningham](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/7E40r40CAIuK2VRpYLOZ5F/89bd5d9ade23e4eb4450ccbb6db658ab/AEDIT-TraceyCunningham.jpg)
It may sound counterintuitive to hear a celebrity hair colorist advocate for minimalism, but that is precisely what [Tracey Cunningham](https://www.instagram.com/traceycunningham1/?hl=en) does in her new book. If you are in search of a look that requires minimal effort to pull together, she says embracing your original shade — which she calls your [“true color”](https://aedit.com/aedition/tracey-cunningham-true-color-hair-tips) — is your best bet. To prove her point, the pages are filled with childhood pics of stars like Jessica Biel and Maria Sharapova that illustrate how she has been able to honor their, well, roots. Oh, and she also offers tons of healthy hair tips along the way. $27, [barnesandnoble.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barnesandnoble.com%2Fw%2Ftracey-cunninghams-true-color-tracey-cunningham%2F1137392850) 

### **For the Wellness Guru**: Beauty from the Inside Out: Makeup, Wellness, Confidence
![AEDIT-BobbiBrown](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/43IbDIZ4n6XRMFr5y5wrMQ/52d139aff47e9a7b9babbafa213d667c/AEDIT-BobbiBrown.jpg)
No one knows their way around a your-face-but-better beauty look better than celebrity makeup artist [Bobbi Brown](https://www.instagram.com/justbobbidotcom/?hl=en), but her most recent writing makes the case that true beauty comes from within. The book pairs makeup tutorials and skincare advice with healthy recipes and fitness inspo from leading wellness experts and Brown herself for a holistic guide to beautifying your life. $25, [bookshop.org](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fbooks%2Fbobbi-brown-beauty-from-the-inside-out-makeup-wellness-confidence-modern-beauty-books-makeup-books-for-girls-makeup-tutorial-books%2F9781452161846) 

### **For the Aesthetically Curious**: The Park Avenue Face: Secrets and Tips from a Top Facial Plastic Surgeon for Flawless, Undetectable Procedures and Treatments
![AEDIT-Jacono](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/6I5jKHImXII6xks0b6Okeh/dd0693d933db4583148e336ad7d2e942/AEDIT-Jacono.jpg)
If you’ve ever wondered how the ladies and gentlemen of the Upper East Side age gracefully, look no further than this piece from [Andrew Jacono, MD](https://www.newyorkfacialplasticsurgery.com/), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC. The man behind [Marc Jacobs’ facelift](https://aedit.com/aedition/marc-jacobs-facelift) sheds light on his natural approach to aesthetic medicine, so you too can tap into the fountain of youth. $30, [bookshop.org](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fbooks%2Fthe-park-avenue-face-secrets-and-tips-from-a-top-facial-plastic-surgeon-for-flawless-undetectable-procedures-and-treatments%2F9781946885975) 

### **For the Francophile**: Ageless Beauty the French Way: Secrets from Three Generations of French Beauty Editors
![AEDIT-ClemenceVonMueffling](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/68mcaSC1RTzW10Uo3ebVpT/6b87a498b5c46473f1c2d34ad1df7d93/AEDIT-ClemenceVonMueffling.jpg)
If a year and a half of staying close to home has you yearning for a trip abroad, this read from Parisienne beauty expert [Clémence von Mueffling](https://www.instagram.com/beautyandwb/?hl=en) is just what the doctor ordered. With a mother and grandmother who were both beauty editors at *French Vogue*, von Mueffling dispenses three generations worth of skincare, beauty, and wellness secrets that will have you well on your way to capturing that certain je ne sais quoi French women embody — no passport required. $28, [barnesandnoble.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barnesandnoble.com%2Fw%2Fageless-beauty-the-french-way-clemence-von-mueffling%2F1127173959%3Fean%3D9781250151605) 

### **For the Makeup Maven**: Making Faces
![AEDIT-KevynAucoin](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/5L9EFhrVQBBIW5RN7qjFtO/887e1e9658c72f701f64267fa81b61fc/AEDIT-KevynAucoin.jpg)
First published in 1997, this *New York Times* bestseller by the legendary [Kevyn Aucoin](https://kevynaucoinbeauty.com/) stands the test of time. With some 200 photos and sketches, the late makeup artist shares the secrets behind his iconic looks while also offering a masterclass on application techniques that will help even the most novice familiarize themselves with the fundamentals. Consider this the OG makeup tutorial. $22, [bookshop.org ](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbookshop.org%2Fbooks%2Fmaking-faces%2F9780316286855)

### **For the Prejuventor**: The Pro-Aging Playbook: Embracing a Lifestyle of Beauty and Wellness Inside and Out
![AEDIT-DrFrank](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/5STPmx75Th2pyVlsnuXgHU/bce07792c85f98c5dfdb99a7fb0394e6/AEDIT-DrFrank.jpg)
Because it is far easier to prevent signs of aging than it is to correct them, NYC-based board certified dermatologist [Paul Jarrod Frank, MD](https://pfrankmd.com/), has compiled his 360-degree approach to healthy — and youthful — living. From cosmetic treatments and products to lifestyle and wellness habits, Dr. Frank offers outside-in *and* inside-out techniques that will transform your perspective on beauty and aging. $27, [barnesandnoble.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barnesandnoble.com%2Fw%2Fthe-pro-aging-playbook-paul-jarrod-frank-md%2F1136471809)

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Expert Opinion

In honor of National Read a Book Day, we are rounding up the best books about beauty, wellness, and aesthetics from some of the foremost thought leaders in the industry.

The Best Books About Plastic Surgery, Makeup, Beauty

The 10 Best Books For The Beauty And Aesthetics Obsessed

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Many things in life have an age restriction: drinking alcohol, getting your driver’s licenses, and gambling, to name a few. One thing that has never had a definitive age requirement yet has always been associated with a more mature demographic: the [facelift](https://aedit.com/procedure/facelift-rhytidectomy). Historically, the facial rejuvenation procedure counts women and men experiencing more advanced signs of aging as its typical patient. However, an increasing number of younger folks are interested in and getting facelifts in their early forties. 

This begs the question: Can you be too young for a facelift? We asked the experts. 

## **The Shift Toward Younger Facelift Patients** 
“People of all ages always want to look their best, but women in their [forties](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-cosmetic-procedures-plastic-surgery-to-consider-in-your-40s) are now feeling in top form, and they want their appearances to reflect that,” says [Andrew Frankel, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/andrew-frankel-md-275), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Beverly Hills. And then there is the influence of [social media](https://aedit.com/aedition/march-2020-study-shows-relationship-between-social-media-cosmetic-surgery). “Additionally, social media puts a premium on beauty, and this creates an added pressure for people who would otherwise not be that concerned with some early signs of aging,” he notes. 

As conversations around plastic surgery have normalized (hi, [Marc Jacobs](https://aedit.com/aedition/marc-jacobs-facelift)), we now have more access than ever to [before and after photos](https://aedit.com/aedition/importance-of-before-and-after-photos-in-plastic-surgery) and procedure information. That mainstreaming has made patients more familiar with what’s possible from both a rejuvenation and [prejuvenation](https://aedit.com/aedition/i-was-practicing-prejuvenation-before-it-was-a-trend) perspective. “Women are more aware of what is available to them to achieve their desired look,” says [Stafford Broumand, MD](https://plasticsurgeonsnyc.com/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon at 740 Park Plastic Surgery in New York City.

For many, the early forties is when the first signs of visible facial aging start to appear around the jawline, chin, and neck. “Women start to notice a loosening and hanging of the skin, as well as jowls, and sometimes crinkly, wrinkly, sun-damaged skin,” explains [Robert Guida, MD](https://www.drguida.com/), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC. “These signs of aging become more noticeable in thinner women or those who have recently lost weight from dieting.” Unsurprisingly, [COVID-19](https://aedit.com/aedition/aedit-survey-reveals-how-2020-altered-aesthetic-landscape) has also influenced procedure preferences. “Since the pandemic, women are noticing these facial changes more thanks to Zoom calls and social media photos, which has led to an increase in those in their early forties getting facelifts,” she says.

Just because you hit the biological age of 40 doesn't necessarily mean you are guaranteed to see age-related changes that necessitate surgical intervention. We all age at different rates, and 40 does not look the same from one person to the next. “Some women have minimal signs of aging and others appear to look much older than they are with sun-damaged, inelastic skin and laxity,” Dr. Frankel says.  

So, your biological age should not be why you have a [facelift](https://aedit.com/procedure/facial-skin-firming-and-lifting-solutions). Instead, let the degree of looseness in the skin and neck be your guide. “A facelift is not for everyone,” advises Dr. Broumand. “But when patients have early jowling, a facelift, concentrating on the neck and jawline, is the gold standard.”

## **Filler Fatigue** 
Minimally invasive procedures all have their place in the modern anti-aging routine. But, be that as it may, some patients feel they have taken those procedures as far as possible and the next step is required. When [injectables](https://aedit.com/procedure/dermal-filler-and-injectable-solutions) (think: neurotoxin and filler) and non-surgical skin-tightening treatments don’t cut it anymore, the best remaining option is often a facelift. “Patients get facelifts because they work better than Botox® or injectables for loose sagging skin of the neck, jowls, and face,” Dr. Guida says. “Often, I suggest patients start with Botox®, fillers, neck liposuction, or skin resurfacing if they are hesitant about having an operation.”

Furthermore, the over-injected, puffed-up, unnatural face is no longer in vogue. “Too many providers overfill their patients, which leads to filler fatigue through premature aging of the tissue by overextending the skin,” shares [Julius Few, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/julius-few-md-15580), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Chicago and founder of the Few Institute. “In addition, this undesirable appearance will often lead a woman in her forties to say, ‘Enough! I want a facelift and no more filler.’”
 
Research supports the newfound reality. A [2017 study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27965217/) in the *Aesthetic Surgery Journal* reveals the average age of a facelift patient is declining. More than 50 percent of women who have a mini-facelift in their forties had previously had injectables, fillers, or lasers. The patients indicate that they looked four years younger after these non-invasive treatments but almost 10 years younger after their facelift.

## **The 40-Year-Old’s Facelift vs. the 65-Year-Old’s Facelift**
The fundamentals of a facelift on a younger patient and an older patient are the same, yet the execution is different. “There’s just less manipulation needed in younger patients,” Dr. Few notes. “This may seem easier in principle, but it is the opposite.” As he explains, younger patients can quickly look “overdone” and “over-pulled” if not treated carefully. “Younger patients focus on the lower face and early neck aging,” he says. They also tend to be *very* adamant that they don’t want to look ‘done’ or fake. 

Even so, Dr. Guida says the quality of younger skin can make surgeons’ lives a bit easier in the OR. “Good facelift results are easier to achieve in a younger patient because the skin still has good elasticity and tone due to less sun damage and less aging,” he explains. “And the dermis of the skin and the underlying muscle, which I tighten in a face and neck lift, are stronger in younger women and technically easier to achieve a better result.”

Any skilled plastic surgeon knows the importance of personalizing facial surgery. “I always customize the face-neck lift procedure to the patients’ needs,” Dr. Guida notes. Based on science and genetic principles, no two faces are exactly alike, which is why no two facelifts are the same. 

## **The Modern-Day Mini-Facelift**
Today’s facelifts are not like the ones of yesteryear. Gone are the over-pulled, super tight, wind tunnel-look that appears fake, narrow, and waxy. In its place are more comprehensive yet minor surgeries that garner a refreshed, ‘still-you-but-better’ look. “The techniques that we surgeons have developed over the last decade have made the results much more predictable, durable, and even faster to recover from,” Dr. Few says.
 
A modified, limited version of a traditional facelift, the so-called [mini-facelift](https://aedit.com/procedure/minifacelift) zeros in on excess skin on the neck and jaw. Younger patients almost always have less skin laxity (unless there is extreme weight loss) than older patients. In addition, the tissue in the cheek area has not [lost as much volume](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-procedures-to-restore-facial-volume) or support, and these areas do not typically require correction.

Facelifts in 40 year olds usually have a limited incision and not as drastic a pull. The incisions, which are smaller than traditional facelifts because less tissue and muscle manipulation is necessary, are made in front of and behind the ears. Dr. Frankel explains that when there is less laxity, it is even more important to release the tissues (dissect more) so that there is not too much tension on the incisions. This allows for better healing. “Additionally, most women in their forties don’t need as much skin removed, so the dissection often stays deeper,” he adds. With time, the ensuing [scars](https://aedit.com/aedition/minimizing-scars-after-surgery) will fade, so patients can still wear their hair up. 

Some surgeons, like Dr. Few, choose to [incorporate other age-rejuvenating treatments](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-procedures-to-combine-with-a-facelift) into the overall revitalization plan. “Filler, especially in the lower face and neck, should be considered as an addition — not a primary tool — for lower face drooping,” he says. “I prefer to do suture suspensions in this age group, as our research has shown near-surgical results without the need for cutting. The inverso suspension concept incorporates relaxing the frown muscles of the lower face, combined with minimal volume filler and [thread lifting](https://aedit.com/procedure/thread-lift) to the lower face and jawline.”

Dr. Frankel is of a similar mindset and also uses [injectables and neurotoxins in conjunction with facial rejuvenation](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-facial-fillers-fat-grafting-after-facelift). “Longstanding maintenance involves both approaches,” he says. “Surgery is much more dramatic than non-surgical alternatives, and, usually, the results are visible within a shorter time.” At the end of the day, it all works together synergistically. “An ‘early’ facelift lasts around 12 years, but little ‘tweaks’ with filler and such are often done along the way to optimize things,” Dr. Frankel shares.

Weight maintenance and skincare also hold a lot of clout in achieving and maintaining good results. “A solid, simple [skincare regimen](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-routine-products-ingredients-for-40s) from an early age sets skin up to age well,” Dr. Few explains. “We created our skincare line, [Aforé](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aforebeauty.com%2F), with this in mind to restore and maintain your skin in a state of 'before' — before the [sun damage](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-treatments-to-correct-sun-damage), exposure to pollution, and signs of aging.”

## **Is Younger Better?**
If a facelift sits at the top of the priority list titled ‘Things to Do in My Forties,’ there can be a benefit to going under the knife while still a quadragenarian (as long as your plastic surgeon deems you a good candidate). Having surgery early on, while age-related concerns are still relatively minor, eliminates the need for a more complete restoration down the line. Medical and surgical advances also mean a [quicker recovery](https://aedit.com/aedition/facelift-recovery-healing-process). “Patients are not down for months at a time anymore,” Dr. Broumand says. “Instead, they are back in the office seven to 14 days later.” 

And let’s not forget about the [cost factor](https://aedit.com/procedure/facelift-rhytidectomy/cost). Younger patients who have ‘mini’ lifts may incur a smaller price tag because there is less work and time involved on the surgeon’s part. “Plus, some patients opt for a lift because other modalities are not giving an extreme enough result anymore or they have become too expensive to maintain,” Dr. Broumand adds.

The results will last for years no matter your age. It’s important to remember that the face will continue to age, just from a different starting point. “The bones continue to change size and shape, the skin thins and loses elasticity, and facial fat diminishes over time,” Dr. Frankel notes. Most patients start to notice some relaxing of the skin and tissues around the 10-year post-op mark. “The face will still look better than it did before the surgery, and it will not go back to its original appearance,” Dr. Guida says. 

## **The Takeaway**
Non-surgical solutions certainly have their place, and, for some facelift patients, they continue to be part of the anti-aging plan — especially for upkeep. After all, just because you opt for facial surgery at an earlier age does not mean that you will become immune to aging — you won’t. “A facelift will not stop the clock, but it will reverse it,” says Dr. Broumand. It’s also important to recognize that additional surgeries may be needed in the future to maintain results. “Once a patient has a facelift early, they are very likely to feel the desire to do a second one — this is the warning I give any patient considering a facelift in their early forties,” cautions Dr. Few. But, until then, you’ll look fabulous!

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Once reserved for those in their fifties, sixties, and beyond, the facelift now attracts a younger generation who is removing the age barrier from the popular rejuvenation procedure.

Can You Be Too Young For A Facelift?

Is 40 Too Young For A Facelift?

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There’s no question that Botox® and its fellow [neurotoxins](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-neurotoxin-botulinum-type-a-injections-botox-dysport-jeuveau-xeomin) (hi, Dysport®, Jeuveau®, and Xeomin®) are among the most efficacious and popular non-surgical wrinkle reducers in aesthetic medicine. Botulinum toxin type-A (BoNT-A) has come a long way since its accidental cosmetic discovery by ophthalmologist Jean Carruthers, MD, and her dermatologist husband Alastair Carruthers, MD, in 1987. The couple noticed a smoothing and anti-wrinkle effect on the forehead of patients who were being injected with Botox® to treat uncontrollable blinking and eye spasms known as blepharospasm. 

Fast forward to today, and the toxin has drastically advanced in terms of both its approved and off-label uses. The uses of [Botox®](https://aedit.com/procedure/botox) and its competitors are seemingly endless. They have been used to address everything from [minimizing crow’s feet](https://aedit.com/procedure/periorbital-botox) and migraines to [slimming the jawline](https://aedit.com/procedure/jawline-slimming-with-botox) and [reducing the amount of sweat](https://aedit.com/procedure/botox-for-hyperhidrosis) your body produces with little to no downtime and minimal pain (the injection feels like a pinprick). 

When it comes to lines and wrinkles, neurotoxins work by temporarily paralyzing muscles for cosmetic effect. By injecting BoNT-A into areas where repeated muscle contractions occur (think: in-between the middle of the eyebrows, the outer corners of the eyes, and the forehead), the lines, folds, and furrows that would normally etch themselves into the skin are softened. The results are not immediate — initial benefits start to be visible at the five-day mark, with full results at two weeks — and they don’t last forever. For most patients, Botox® and the like naturally degrades over the course of three to four months, which is why [upkeep is essential](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-frequently-to-get-non-surgical-cosmetic-procedures-like-dermal-filler-botox-chemical-peel).

But what if the effects of the wrinkle-reducer start to fade after only a few weeks? Or what if, after years of success, you are hardly seeing a result anymore? You may be resistant to Botox®, and we’re talking to experts to understand why. 

## **What Is Botox Resistance?** 
Known as ‘Botox resistance,’ some patients may develop an immune response to Botox® that reduces the effectiveness of the treatment, says [Steve Fallek, MD](https://www.fallekplasticsurgery.com/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon and medical director of [BeautyFix MedSpa](https://www.beautyfixmedspa.com/). “The protein complex in the product may stimulate neutralizing antibodies,” he explains.

While BoNT-A is the primary active ingredient in cosmetic neurotoxins, the exact formulation of each brand is unique. Botox® (a.k.a. [onabotulinumtoxinA](https://media.allergan.com/actavis/actavis/media/allergan-pdf-documents/product-prescribing/20190626-BOTOX-Cosmetic-Insert-72715US10-Med-Guide-v2-0MG1145.pdf)), for example, features a proprietary blend of protective proteins alongside inactive ingredients like human albumin (i.e. plasma proteins) and sodium chloride. As such, it’s not just Botox® that can stop working — the effect can occur with any injectable neurotoxin. “Therapeutic proteins, including the core neurotoxin found in all neuromodulators on the market today, can induce immunogenicity, or an unwanted immune response,” says [Brian Biesman, MD](https://drbiesman.com/), a board certified oculofacial plastic surgeon in Nashville, TN. “Yet, the critical factors for neutralizing antibody formation are not well characterized.”

Neurotoxin resistance is nothing new. There are [scholarly publications](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3872090/) dating back to 2013 referencing Botox® immunity and the potential for antibody formation in certain individuals, says [John Layke, DO](https://aedit.com/provider/john-layke-645), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon and co-founder of [Beverly Hills MD](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeverlyhillsmd.com%2F). The first incidents came from medical uses of Botox®, which employs higher doses of the neuromodulator. “Usually, immunity is a very dose-dependent thing,” notes [Paul Jarrod Frank, MD](https://pfrankmd.com/), a New York City-based board certified dermatologist. “For cosmetic uses, Botox® doses tend to be rather small, which is why it is not very common to develop a true immunity to the product.” 

As Dr. Frank explains, there is a difference between actual resistance and patient satisfaction. “The development of antibodies causes true Botox® immunity,” he says. “However, many people claim to experience Botox® immunity because they symptomatically feel that Botox® — or another neuromodulator — does not do what it used to do.” This is especially common among those who have been going under the needle for years. “As we get older, some of the simpler cosmetic treatments become a law of decreasing return,” Dr. Frank shares. “Some people will assume that if things don't give the same effect at age 40 as they did for them at age 30, they are now immune to the product.” While the treatment may not be as effective, such patients are not immune. “That is a psychological thing and not so much of a true immunological antibody immunity,” he notes.

If the body does in fact develop antibodies, the patient will not see as dramatic of a result — or any result at all. “Actual immunity, when people get less sensitive to Botox®, is that the body responds with antibodies to the product,” Dr. Frank says. “Once those circulating antibodies are in the bloodstream, they will attach to the Botox® molecule.” So, as the immune system produces the antibodies, repeat injections of Botox® or other neurotoxins begin to become less active in the treated areas. 
 
Unfortunately, the only way to tell if you are producing antibodies is with visible evidence (i.e. lack of results). [Clinical trials](https://media.allergan.com/actavis/actavis/media/allergan-pdf-documents/product-prescribing/20190626-BOTOX-Cosmetic-Insert-72715US10-Med-Guide-v2-0MG1145.pdf) released by Allergan (the manufacturer of Botox®) show that no more than 1.5 percent of patients develop any “neutralizing antibodies.” In short, only about one in 10,000 people have a natural resistance to the drug. “It’s an extremely rare phenomenon,” Dr. Biesman says. “I have been injecting for over 30 years and have seen very few true cases. Most often, the patients who feel they are non-responders require treatment of a different dose or distribution."

## **Why Botox May No Longer Be Working For You**
Many patients use neuromodulators for decades with good results, and it is unclear what precisely about Botox® makes patients believe they are more immune to it than other toxins, Dr. Layke says. “Botox® is made of the active ingredient botulinum toxin A and other nontoxic complexing or binding proteins,” he explains. “Any one of these may induce an immune or ‘foreign’ response leading to antibody formation.”

Perhaps it’s less about the product and more about the patient. According to Dr. Frank, it’s not that the neuromodulator itself becomes less effective. Instead, we age and our anatomy changes, which limits our ability to get the effect that we want. “Neuromodulators are never going to be as effective on a patient who’s been using them for 20 years,” he shares. “That has less to do with the immunological aspect and more to do with the fact that we are fighting time and the muscles change, so the relaxation of the muscle doesn’t always give the same clinical effect.” In some patients, neurotoxins may begin to produce less desirable results. “As we get older, neuromodulators can cause an over-relaxation of the muscles and lead to adverse reactions, like flattening the eyebrows, weakening of the smile, and motion limitations,” he adds. 
 
Every doctor we spoke to for this story agrees that there is no connection between injector technique and product storage and a lack of visible results. “Injections at more frequent intervals and higher doses may have an effect on immunogenicity, but this is such a rare phenomenon and impossible to study,” Dr. Biesman notes. 

Besides developing toxin-inhibiting antibodies, it is also possible for the body to naturally metabolize the toxin at a faster-than-normal rate. “The normal amount of time it takes the body to metabolize Botox® ranges from two to four months,” Dr. Layke says. While no clinical data supports the claim, there are anecdotal reports that Botox® is shorter-lived in avid exercisers. If you’re someone who spins relentlessly on the Peloton bike and follows it up later in the day with a Pure Barre class, all that working out may be doing wonders for your body but little to no good for your wrinkles. 

## **What to Do If Botox Is No Longer Working For You** 
Botox® isn’t the end-all, be-all when it comes to neuromodulators. Other toxins that are just as, if not more so effective are available. “If you feel that Botox® no longer gives you the results you want, I recommend trying an alternative neuromodulator,” Dr. Layke suggests. “Many times, patients that are unresponsive to Botox® see effective wrinkle reduction with Xeomin® or Jeuveau®.” Both of those and Dysport® work towards the same end goal of smoothing out lines and wrinkles. However, each contains a different molecular structure, so people may be sensitive to one and less to another. 

Other types of ‘allergies’ to Botox® and the like can occur. A lot of times, this happens not due to the botulinum toxin type A but to the additive proteins or preservatives in the saline used. It’s all a matter of trial and error. 

If the toxin route isn’t the right fit for you, filler may be an alternative. While neurotoxins and fillers are both injectables, it’s important to note that they do not act in the same way. [Dermal fillers](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-dermal-fillers) will not soften wrinkles where there is a loss of collagen in the skin. “They will not have the same effect as Botox®, but they can lift and create a rejuvenated look and feel,” Dr. Fallek explains. 

Another possibility is a [thread lift](https://aedit.com/procedure/thread-lift), which Dr. Fallek says “will not have the same effect as an anti-wrinkle injection, but they will lift and tighten loose, sagging skin tissues.” Other alternatives? Any treatment or procedure that improves wrinkles on the upper part of the face. “That could be getting your [eyes done](https://aedit.com/procedure/eye-rejuvenation-solutions), a [laparoscopic brow lift](https://aedit.com/procedure/endoscopic-brow-lift), or using [fillers for fine lines](https://aedit.com/procedure/under-eye-filler) in areas,” Dr. Frank shares. “It’s certainly best to always offer a patient several options if they see less efficacy from neuromodulators as they get older.”

## **Is It Time to Take a Botox Break?** 
Believe it or not, if there isn’t a viable solution that works for you, it might be time to take a bit of a Botox break. A pause doesn’t mean you can’t ever get Botox® (or another neurotoxin) again; it’s just that your body may need a hiatus from it. In some cases, a respite allows any remaining product to leave the body so that you can start from a clean baseline.

There are also rumors of a connection between zinc supplements and an increase in effectiveness in Botox®. While the jury is still out, an April [2012 clinical study](https://jddonline.com/articles/dermatology/S1545961612P0507X) in the *Journal of Drugs in Dermatology* found that 92 percent of subjects supplemented with zinc 50 milligrams and phytase experienced an average increase in toxin effect duration of nearly 30 percent. Only time will tell if popping a few milligrams of the cold suppressant prolongs the life and betters the results of neurotoxin injections. 

Until then, stick with what works for you, be it Botox®, a different neurotoxin, or another rejuvenation technique — as long as the results are evident enough for you, that’s what matters most.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Even if you’re diligent about staying on top of your appointments, is it possible to become less responsive to neurotoxins and see fewer results over time? All signs point to yes — but it’s complicated.

Botox Immunity And Neurotoxin Resistance: Causes, Symptoms, Alternatives

Can You Become Immune To Botox?

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There’s something exciting about discovering a brand new skincare ingredient or product  —you know, the ones that make your skin look years younger and has everyone questioning what you’re using and where they can buy it. We are all for revamping a stale skincare routine and replacing ineffective ingredients with more valuable ones. But, before you go making any changes, it’s crucial to understand your skin and what it will positively respond to. Here’s what you need to know about safely adding new active ingredients to your skincare routine.

## **Know What Your Skin Needs**
For starters, get to know your skin. Not every skin type is compatible with every single ingredient that’s on the market. Some are even detrimental to certain skin types. “The best products for your skin may be different from those of your best friend,” says [Joshua Zeichner, MD](http://www.zeichnerdermatology.com/), a board certified dermatologist in New York City. “Your choice in specific preventative or repairing products depends on your skin type.” And then there is the fact that skin is constantly evolving, which is why it requires different ingredients and treatments at various stages of life. 

The rule of thumb: [Simpler is better](https://aedit.com/aedition/skinimalism-skincare-trend). Make sure to focus on the basic tenets of healthy skin rather than gobbling up every new product innovation and ingredient breakthrough simply because it’s, well, new. Generally speaking, a [well-rounded skincare routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-routine-products-ingredients-for-30s) includes: 

- Cleanser
- Sunscreen
- Moisturizer 
- Vitamin C
- Retinol 

“It’s important to find a [cleanser](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-makeup-removers-for-every-skin-type) that works well for your skin, [sunscreen](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-lightweight-non-greasy-sunscreens-to-wear-indoors) that doesn’t irritate you and you feel comfortable applying daily, the right [moisturizer](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-nighttime-moisturizers) for your skin type, and a tolerable [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare) for the morning and [retinol](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare) at night,” says [Samer Jaber, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/samer-jaber-md-3882), a board certified dermatologist and founder of Washington Square Dermatology in NYC. From there, everything else is like a cherry on top. 

When it comes to choosing products within those categories, consider your skin’s oil content. “Generally speaking, younger people produce more oil and older people make less,” says Morgan Rabach, MD, a board certified dermatologist and co-founder of [LM Medical](https://lmmedicalnyc.com/) in NYC. “Skin type — oily, dry, combination, acne-prone, or sensitive — is important to consider because that makes a big difference in what ingredients the skin needs.” [Oilier skin types](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-oily-and-acne-prone-skin) usually do better lightweight or gel-based products with retinol, [salicylic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-beta-hydroxy-acids-salicylic-acid-in-skincare), and [niacinamide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-niacinamide-vitamin-b3-in-skincare). Drier and more mature skin craves richer hydrating and nourishing formulas packed with [ceramides](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-ceramides-in-skincare), [alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs)](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare), like glycolic acid, and [hyaluronic acid (HA)](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler). 

## **How to Add New Ingredients to Your Skincare Routine**
Once you get a firm grasp on your skin type (when in doubt, consult with a board certified dermatologist), you’ll be able to narrow down which ingredients will work best for you. As exciting as the prospect of slathering on several new products can be, don’t go trying everything at once. Below are three things to keep in mind as you introduce new actives:

### **1. Start Slow**
When introducing a new ingredient or product into your skincare routine, ease into it. “Slow and steady should be the general rule of thumb,” says Dr. Zeichner. As he explains, you’ll want to add one (and only one) product at a time, as testing more than one at once can be “damaging to the skin” in several ways. “First, if you develop an irritation or allergic reaction, it is important to know exactly what the culprit is and using multiple products can lead to confusion,” he shares. “Second, combining multiple products that individually can cause irritations may lead to a significant reaction when they are all used at the same time.” 

If your skin burns, itches, peels, or becomes red, follow Dr. Zeichner’s advice and hold off on using said product for a day or two. “This is common, especially with products like retinol, which is known to irritate during the first two to four weeks,” he explains. “The skin is not allergic to the product, but rather undergoing an adjustment period known as retinization.” It’s important, however, to know the difference between [sensitization](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin) and intolerance. “For all other products, developing redness, burning, or stinging may not be part of the adjustment phase,” he cautions. “You may need to discontinue use if your skin cannot tolerate them.”

After you successfully pass the two-week mark with a new product, it’s safe to begin working in another — following the exact same process. 

### **2. Patch Test** 
This goes back to knowing your skin. For those with sensitive, easily irritated, or [eczema-prone](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-products-to-treat-eczema-flare-ups-in-the-winter) skin, veer on the side of caution and always patch-test something new for at least 24 to 48 hours (some allergies do not surface right away). Dr. Rabach encourages her patients with super sensitive or allergic skin to use the inner arm as a testing ground. “That way, you don’t put product all over your face and have an issue,” she says. 

While there is no harm in patch testing, those with heartier complexions may find it superfluous. Additionally, everyone should keep in mind that some actives will likely cause irritation regardless of your skin type. “Certain ingredients, like retinol and [benzoyl peroxide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-benzoyl-peroxide-in-skincare), are known to be potentially irritating,” Dr. Jaber cautions. AHAs also fall into that category, with redness, tingling, and flaking all possible as the skin adjusts. It doesn’t necessarily equate to a reaction or a need to stop using the product, but be sure to keep an eye on how severe and long-lasting the side effects are.

### **3. Be Consistent**
Any time a new ingredient or product makes its way into a skincare routine, it should be used for a minimum of one month before ruling it out as ineffective. “Some actives, like retinol, actually change the cell biology and that takes time to notice a difference,” Dr. Rabach says. Just because you slather a serum or cream on your skin doesn’t mean you will see an instant result. As Dr. Zeichner explains, “it takes several weeks of continuous use to start to notice improvement from your products.” 

Consistency is key in assessing a product’s effectiveness, and so is following the instructions. Yet some skin types need to dial it back a bit to reap an ingredient’s benefits. “If something new causes dryness, try scaling back on the frequency of application,” Dr. Jaber says. “For example, a product that should be applied twice daily can be used once daily, and a product intended for use once daily can be put on every other day or so.” Another way to make the intro period smoother? “Sometimes, adding a moisturizer can help make products more tolerable as well,” he adds. Don’t worry, you’ll still see results as long as the product is a good match for your skin.

If you prefer instant gratification, there are a few products that provide a quick fix. “The only ones that give some sort of immediate benefits are those that [exfoliate](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-at-home-chemical-peels-exfoliators) or plump the skin, such as hydroxy acids or hyaluronic acid,” Dr. Zeichner explains. “Products that help strengthen, brighten, even skin tone, and improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles need to be used for several weeks or months before they provide noticeable improvements.” Moisturizers also tend to show fairly speedy results, whereas [topical acne treatments](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-ingredients-to-treat-acne-blackheads-whiteheads) and [anti-aging formulas](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-anti-aging-skincare-ingredients-for-sensitive-skin) command upwards of two months of consistent use before positive changes are visible. 

## **The Takeaway**
Less is more when it comes to introducing brand new products and ingredients in your regular skincare routine. Be patient and give your skin the time it needs to become acclimated to something new. Once you find success with a newbie, additional products can be added — just make sure to follow the test, try, apply regularly, and assess protocol. Dr. Jaber sums it up with this simple-yet-sage sentiment: “When trying to find a long-lasting skincare regimen, you need to remember it’s not a race.” 

Beauty

Ready to try something new? Before you press 'add to cart,' make sure you understand the right way to introduce unfamiliar ingredients and products to your current routine. Your skin will thank you.

How To Add New Ingredients And Products To Your Skincare Routine

How To Safely Add New Ingredients To Your Skincare Routine

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We live in a world where, more often than not, more is considered, well, more. The skincare industry has exploded over the last few years, with many people eschewing lengthy beauty routines in favor of placing more emphasis on the skin. Skincare has, rightfully, become a form of self-care, but the market has also been susceptible to a kind of consumerism that was once reserved for color cosmetics. 

From shelfies and fully stocked [skincare fridges](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-skincare-fridges) to 10-step skincare routines and endless rows of products, it can seem like the only way to do skincare is with a maximalist approach that favors quantity over quality. For a myriad of reasons, these extended routines are hard to keep up with. Buying more means spending more money, and applying those products can turn your 10-minute evening routine into a 30-minute (or more!) affair. And then there is the environmental impact. While the skincare industry is making an effort to be [greener and cleaner](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-make-your-beauty-routine-more-sustainable), most of our favorite lotions and potions are still housed in a lot of plastic and waste.

Enter: Skincare minimalism (a.k.a. skinimalism), which involves taking a pared down approach to what you put on your skin. While it may sound scary, it’s actually a lot simpler than you think to cut back your regimen. Below, we talked to two skincare experts to find out the real story behind skinimalism and how you can implement the philosophy into your own skincare routine. 

## **What Is Skinimalism?**
Skincare minimalism means using the least amount of products needed in your [skincare routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-routine-products-ingredients-for-20s) for maximum effect. It’s also a direct response to skincare maximalism. “The idea that every person — or any person — needs 10 steps is ludicrous. We’re pairing back and thinking more about the products we buy, what goes into them, and their environmental impact,” says Katrina Moreno Lewis, founder of [Kura Skin](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuraskin.com%2F), a brand that focuses on supplying buyers with simple but effective skincare routines. “Skincare minimalism goes hand in hand with these trends.”

While routines that surpass double digits in length have dominated social media, using that many products isn’t always as beneficial as you might think. For starters, there is the all-important consideration of your skin type, says Farhaad Riyaz, MD, a board certified dermatologist and medical adviser at [Docent](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.docentrx.com%2F). “[Dry skin types](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-dry-skin-face-body-hands) can benefit from a multi-step regimen [because] the more hydration the better,” he says. “[Oily and acne-prone skin types](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-oily-and-acne-prone-skin) should exercise caution, as multiple layers of products such as toners, serums, moisturizers, and oils can make skin more greasy, clog pores, and contribute to breakouts.”

And then there are issues around compatibility. “Skincare routines that incorporate multiple products can have redundancy in ingredients, like [exfoliating acids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare) or [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare),” Dr. Riyaz explains. While those actives work wonders in proper doses, more isn’t always more. “When repeated, [they] can cause irritation and dehydration, as well as impair the protective [barrier function](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-microbiome-skincare-products-ingredients) of the skin,” he continues. This is especially problematic for those with easily irritated complexions. “[Sensitive skin types](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin) and those with [rosacea](https://aedit.com/concern/rosacea) are particularly likely to be reactive to multiple ingredients found in multi-step routines, potentially causing redness, bumps, or even an allergy,” he says.

## **How to Curate a Basic Skinimalist Routine**
While [cutting down your routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/skincare-detox-benefits) can be rewarding, there are some key facts to keep in mind before you swap out products. The first step is determining what from your routine is a non-negotiable. “Skincare isn’t one-size fits all,” she says. “Beyond [cleansing](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-tips-for-applying-removing-makeup), [hydrating](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-daytime-moisturizers), and protecting your skin with [SPF](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-sunscreens-of-2021), there isn’t any one product or ingredient that’s absolutely necessary for everyone.” Lewis’ go-to three-step routine is more about product types than ingredients:

- Cleanser and/or makeup remover
- Moisturizer
- Sunscreen

That trio offers a strong foundation, and then you can customize your regimen based on your skin concerns. “What’s important is to choose what aligns with your individual needs and goals,” Lewis says. “From there, add in products one at a time, as needed.” If ever there was a time to be mindful, this is it. “Consider the role each new product will play in helping you reach your goals,” she says. “Everything should have a purpose.”

When it comes to determining what else might be worth adding, Dr. Riyaz has some ideas. His slightly more robust routine includes:

- Cleanser and/or makeup remover
- Toner
- Treatment (think: a serum or retinol)
- Eye cream
- Moisturizer
- Sunscreen
- Weekly mask and/or exfoliant 

If you are trying to streamline the number of products on your vanity, Dr. Riyaz recommends reaching for products that perform multiple functions. “[Micellar waters](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-makeup-removers-for-every-skin-type) can serve as a makeup remover, cleanser, and toner,” he says. Another multitasker? “[Retinoids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare) can double as a treatment for multiple conditions and an exfoliant, as they stimulate cell turnover,” he adds. All the while, you may combine your moisturizer and sunscreen steps in the A.M. “Moisturizers with an SPF of 30+ can also help reduce the number of steps in the morning and keep skin protected in the process,” Dr. Riyaz shares.

## **Anything Else I Should Know?**
We regularly talk about how adding new products to your routine can come with an onboarding period of sorts that may or may not include purging, sensitization, and the like. When it comes to skinimalism, our experts agree that cutting back shouldn’t cause any major irritation. “As the skin is a living organ, changing what we expose it to can certainly result in an adjustment period, likely for the better,” Dr. Riyaz says.

It goes without saying, but do not stop any prescription skincare products without [talking to your dermatologist](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-care-questions-for-your-dermatologist) first. At the end of the day, the key to a happy complexion is curating the right regimen — no matter the length. “So long as [you] are using the right formulas with ingredients that seal moisture in and promote skin health, all will be well,” Dr. Riyaz notes.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*


Not seeing results from your lengthy skincare routine? Say ‘hello’ to skincare minimalism (a.k.a. skinimalism).

Skinimalism: How To Create A Basic Skincare Routine

Why Everyone Is Talking About Skinimalism

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Curly hair can feel like an enigma. Some days, you just can’t get it under control. Other days, it air-dries to perfection. So, how do you get more consistent results?  “Curly and textured hair needs a maintenance routine that maintains and continues to add hydration,” says [Dominique LyVar](https://www.instagram.com/kingdomofcurls_/?hl=en), a senior stylist at [Devachan Salon SoHo](https://www.devacurl.com/us/salons) in New York City. “The types of product used depend on the texture, but all need a balance of moisture and protein.” 

Generally speaking, the curlier and coarser your hair, the more moisture you need. These hair types can also handle heavier products. Looser waves and softer textures, meanwhile, need hydration, too — albeit with lighter-weight products. But these rules are anything but one-size-fits-all. To better understand the best way to maintain and style curly and textured hair, we’ve tapped four curl experts to answer all of your burning questions (*spoiler alert: there are some really simple changes you can make to get big results!*).

## **Determining Your Curl Type**
Did you know that not all curls are the same? The first step of maintaining curly hair is determining your texture and curl type. Hair texture refers to the thickness of the individual hair strands and is most often measured on a three-point scale:

- Fine
- Medium
- Coarse

Thicker hair tends to be stronger and can be styled more easily than finer, weaker hair because coarser tresses hold their shape more effectively. It should be noted that the texture of the hair can vary. “For styling uneven textures, you may have to use products specific to the styling need in those areas,” LyVar says. In some cases, the variations are the result of hydration levels and can be corrected. “To help even out your texture, I find staying consistent with your conditioning will relieve this issue over time,” he explains. 

Curl type, on the other hand, refers to the shape of the curl. While there can be a lot of nuance to curl patterns, there are three main curl classifications with sub-categories in each group based on the diameter of the individual strands:

- Wavy
- Curly
- Kinky & Coily

If your mane feels like it could fall into several curl categories, you’re not alone. “It is very normal to have different curl patterns throughout the hair,” says [Merian Mismmo](https://www.instagram.com/herbalmmo/), a cosmetic chemist and founder of [Bounce Curl](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bouncecurl.com%2F). The key is to pay attention to your ’do and style as needed. For example, “if you have a looser pattern, you can finger coil the hair to get the curl more uniform,” she shares. Similarly, “you can also stretch a pattern out if it is too curly and you want elongation,” Mismmo notes.

## **Tips for Maintaining Curly Hair Health**
The reason for determining your hair and curl type is so that you can curate your [hair care routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-hair-care-products-by-texture-color) accordingly. While individual hair goals may vary, there are general rules of thumb to abide by that correspond to texture:

- **Fine Hair**: People with fine hair will usually need help creating volume. But, in addition to looking for volumizers, Mismmo also recommends adding in deep conditioners because “the hair strands are more fragile.”
- **Medium Hair**: The Goldilocks of the bunch, Mismmo says those with medium manes will be able to layer products, “as their hair can hold [them] better.”
- **Coarse Hair**: Adding moisture back into the strands is key for thicker hair types. Hydrating products will help ward off the dryness that leads to breakage. 

And then there are certain tips that transcend hair type. “You want to avoid products with hair sulfates, parabens, and silicones,” LyVar says. As he explains, sulfates strip the strands of their natural moisture, while parabens give a false sense of hydration. “Parabens are a form of wax that coats the hair to make it feel smooth and conditioned, but they don’t add any moisture,” LyVar shares. Similarly, silicones create a barrier effect. “Silicone also coats the hair and prevents moisture from entering the hair shaft, causing dryness and, possibly, breakage,” he says.

So, what about hair oils? LyVar says it depends on the use case. “Oils can be great for your scalp and skin, but oil directly applied to the hair can prevent moisture,” he cautions. If you wish to apply an oil to the [scalp](https://aedit.com/aedition/scalp-care-for-healthy-hair) and shaft, he recommends using a leave-in conditioner or other hydrating styler first — that way the oil is not resting directly on the strand. 

### **More Curly Hair Care Tips:**
- **Shampoo Strategically**: Daily (or even weekly) washing isn’t always required. Removing product build-up is necessary, but Mismoo says to avoid getting your hair wet too often.
- **Condition Constantly**: “I look for conditioning ingredients, as they will help moisturize and detangle hair,” Mismmo shares. Incorporate conditioning treatments, washes, and hair masks to get silkier, more defined curls.
- **Fight Frizz**: To reduce frizz, wash hair with cool (read: not hot) water, swap out your terrycloth towel for a microfiber cloth or t-shirt that’s not as rough or textured, and sleep with a silk pillowcase to reduce friction.
- **Add Definition**: Scrunch your curls after a shower to restore shape, and add a diffuser to your blow dryer to get more definition and shine — without frizz.
- **Trial & Error**: Curl care is as personal as skincare. Don’t be afraid to experiment with conditioners, gels, serums, and sprays until you find what works best for you.

## **How to Style Curly Hair** 
Now that you know your curl type and how to care for it, it’s time to talk styling. Whether your texture is fine or coarse, loosely wavy or tightly coiled, your style goals likely fall into two main categories: straightening it out or defining your texture. Below, two celebrity hairstylists break down the simplest (and safest!) way to achieve both looks.

### **Straightening Your Curls**
We love natural waves and curls, but sometimes you’re in the mood for a sleeker hairstyle. To make curly hair straight without chemical processing, you’ll need a heat styler in the form of a blow dryer and/or flatiron. Either way, it all starts with proper protection. “When straightening curly hair, you want to do everything possible to avoid heat damage,” says [T.Cooper](https://www.instagram.com/tcooperbeauty/?hl=en), a celebrity hairstylist and [Eva NYC](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Feva-nyc.com%2F) hairstylist partner. “Make sure your heat protectant game is strong.” 

She recommends prepping your strands with a heat protectant like [Eva NYC Mane Magic 10-in-1 Hair Primer](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Feva-nyc.com%2Fproducts%2Fmane-magic-10-in-1-primer%3Fvariant%3D38209042506) before any thermal styling and then using a good quality blow dryer to smooth the hair. “While blow drying curly hair, it’s very important to use steady tension, and don’t be shy with the shots of cool air,” she explains. “Follow up by using a flat iron on small sections to thoroughly silk out the hair.”

It’s important to recognize the process involved in styling curly hair. “Your hair makes a physical change in two ways: wet to dry and hot to cold,” says [Sarah Potempa](https://www.instagram.com/sarahpotempa/?hl=en), a celebrity hairstylist and inventor of the [Beachwaver](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2F). Her go-to combo for achieving a “sleek red-carpet look” involves a blow dryer and paddle brush. “When straightening wet hair, you want to dry your hair roughly 80 percent by loosely blow drying it,” she shares. “When drying the last 20 percent, dry with the [Beachwaver Paddle Brush Pro](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fpaddle-brush%3F_pos%3D1%26_sid%3D8d00f1b09%26_ss%3Dr).”

Ready to give blow drying a try? Potempa offers these tips: 

1. Rinse with cool water in the shower and towel dry your hair with a t-shirt to reduce frizz
2. Use a gentle detangler to prep the hair before adding heat
3. Apply a heat protectant before styling
4. Place your part before you start (Potempa says a center part goes “straight down the middle of your hair,” while a side part should be placed “at the arch of your eyebrow”)
5. Loosely dry 80 percent with a blow dryer and paddle brush to smooth out large sections; flip the sections right and left to smooth out the curl pattern 
6. For the last 20 percent, section the hair by starting at the bottom and working your way up (use the [Paddle Brush Pro](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fpaddle-brush%3F_pos%3D1%26_sid%3D8d00f1b09%26_ss%3Dr) and concentrator on the nozzle parallel to each other)
7. Finish off by closing the cuticle with a quick cool shot

Depending on what you’re going for, a blow dry alone may or may not be enough. Following it up with a flatiron, like the [Beachwaver Coast Pro](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fmidnight-rose-flat-iron%3F_pos%3D1%26_sid%3D7e17d713c%26_ss%3Dr), can add sleekness and shine, but you need to be careful to avoid damage. “When straightening with a flat iron, heat protectant is important – it protects the cuticle,” Potempa shares. “And start at the lowest temperature. You can always increase the temperature as needed.” With that in mind, below are her pro tips:

1. When straightening, split your hair straight down the middle and comb small, clean sections with the [Beachwaver Prep Brush](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fprep-brush%3F_pos%3D1%26_sid%3D5ef25f306%26_ss%3Dr)
2. Line up the iron with that section and continue to take small sections
3. Pin the sections of hair that you’re not working on with [darby clips](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fdarby-clips%3F_pos%3D2%26_sid%3Dc80ca072e%26_ss%3Dr)
4. To avoid frizzy ends, try gliding down and making the shape of a crescent moon towards your body 
5. To gain volume, lift the iron perpendicular, like a candy cane, and pull the straightener down – giving a slight bend at the ends
6. If you have really frizzy roots, use the [Beachwaver Braid Balm](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fcollections%2Fmakewaves%2Fproducts%2Fbraid-balm-pre-braid-prep) to smooth or [Half Up](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fcollections%2Fhair-accessories%2Fproducts%2Fhalf-up) to create a top knot

### **Curling Your Curls**
The concept of curling curly hair is difficult for non-curly hair types to understand, but we all know there is a big difference between beachy bends and tight ringlets. “I absolutely recommend curling naturally curly hair,” T.Cooper explains. “Most people don’t have curls that are consistent — curl patterns tend to change from one area of the head to another.” She is a fan of the [Eva NYC Spectrum Far-Infrared Curler](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Feva-nyc.com%2Fproducts%2Fspectrum-far-infrared-curler%3Fvariant%3D32083787972675) to “make sure curls stay lit.”

The next question that is likely on your mind? To straighten or not to straighten. “It really depends on the curl pattern whether to straighten the hair first or not,” she says. Her preferred method depends on curl type. “For looser curls and ringlets, I prefer my clients not to straighten the hair first,” she explains, adding that pre-straightening looser textures often leads to a lack of volume and poor hold. “For my kinky and coily babes, straightening the hair first — with a straightener like the [Eva NYC Healthy Heat Nano Silk Styling Iron](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Feva-nyc.com%2Fproducts%2Fnst-styling-iron%3Fvariant%3D18723905110083) — makes for a smoother looking curl, even if you just straighten the roots a little bit,” she shares.

Both T.Cooper and Potempa emphasize the importance of starting with your curling iron’s lowest possible heat setting and adding warmth as needed. From there, it’s important to choose a barrel size that complements your natural curl pattern. In the case of Potempa’s Beachwaver, there is a tool for every type:

- **For Beachy Waves**: “If you have a slight wave, detangle your hair, split it in the back, and bring the sections forward and over each shoulder,” she explains. “Starting with the bottom section, take the [Beachwaver](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fcollections%2Fbeachwaver-rotating-curling-irons%2Fproducts%2Fbeachwaver-s1-dual-voltage) with the clamp facing forward and curl away from your face.”
- **For Smooth Waves**: “Use a paddle brush and mousse, along with a larger barrel like the [Beachwaver B1](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fbeachwaver-b1-love%3F_pos%3D1%26_sid%3D532b893c2%26_ss%3Dr) and curl away from your face for smooth medium waves,” Potempa shares.
- **For Medium Curls**: “In the case of medium-sized curls, a larger barrel – like the [Beachwaver S1.25](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fbeachwaver-s1-25-dual-voltage%3F_pos%3D3%26_sid%3D43723bc7f%26_ss%3Dr) – will give a blowout type look,” she notes. “The ceramic barrel will smooth the curl into a nice, relaxed wave.”
- **For Bouncy Curls**: “For a more defined voluminous curl, use a smaller barrel,” she says. “The [Beachwaver S.75](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeachwaver.com%2Fproducts%2Fbeachwaver-s-75-dual-voltage%3F_pos%3D3%26_sid%3Dfbf0d7033%26_ss%3Dr) will enhance the curls and reduce any frizz.”
- **For a Natural Finish**: “For a more natural look, alternate the direction of the curls, and use small sections of hair,” Potempa explains. 

Once you’ve finished curling, you’ll want to finish off your ’do to maximize results. Dealing with flyaways? “Use a little styling cream, like [Eva NYC’s Satin Dream Smoothing Leaving-In Cream](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Feva-nyc.com%2Fproducts%2Fmane-magic-10-in-1-primer%3Fvariant%3D38209042506), to tame any frizzy pieces,” T.Cooper says. Looking for added volume? “Especially for fine textures, my advice is to spray the roots with a dry shampoo for root lift and alternate the direction of the curl with each row,” she shares. This makes it so that the curls stack on top of one another, and the result will be a big, bouncy head full of voluminous curls.” 

Regardless of your look, don’t forget to top it off. “Finish with [Eva NYC Just Glisten Shine Mist](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Feva-nyc.com%2Fproducts%2Fjust-glisten-hair-body-shine-mist%3Fvariant%3D32293764759619) for added bling,” she says.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Curly hair can feel like an enigma. Some days, you just can’t get it under control. Other days, it air-dries to perfection. So, how do you get more consistent results? We asked the experts.

How To Maintain And Style Wavy, Curly, Textured Hair

Exactly How To Maintain And Style Curly Hair

shutterstock 736667047

One trend that doctors are seeing — and it’s not a positive one — is so-called [doctor hopping](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3552465/). The practice involves patients constantly bouncing amongst different cosmetic providers in hopes of achieving their aesthetic goals for as little money as possible and with little to no regard for the skill-level or certification of the doctor. “I wish I had a concrete answer as to why so many patients jump from doctor to doctor to doctor, but there are various reasons why it happens,” says [Michele Green, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/michele-green-md-34642), a board certified dermatologist and clinical instructor at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City.
 
As more people get work done and talk about it, conversations around aesthetic medicine have, in many ways, normalized. “The number of people seeking aesthetic treatments continues to increase,” says [Farhad Ardesh MD](https://aedit.com/provider/farhad-ardesh-md-19202), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Beverly Hills. “Patients see celebrities, friends, and even family members receiving treatments, and they want to look their best, too.” But what these prospective patients often underestimate is the time, cost, and safety precautions involved. Here, top dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and psychologists reflect on the dangerous trend.

## **The Reasons for Doctor Hopping**
As [Julius Few, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/julius-few-md-15580), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Chicago, explains “most patients jump around between doctors to get the outcome they want independent of the advice they may have received from a trusted authority.” This can quickly spell T-R-O-U-B-L-E. “There are countless ads out there for the impossible, often posted by individuals who are not adequately trained,” he says. 

It’s not just advertising that lures consumers to partake in doctor shopping. [Social media](https://aedit.com/aedition/march-2020-study-shows-relationship-between-social-media-cosmetic-surgery) is a culprit, too. “Instagram, TikTok, and other forms of social media contribute to the desire for everyone to want to look their best,” Dr. Ardesh notes. “Some want to look like their favorite influencers or celebrity and are willing to go to any extreme to achieve that goal.” The problem with social media is that what you see is rarely what you get. “Remember, social media is full of tricks, like great lighting, body positioning and editing with filters and photo editing apps,” he cautions. “These factors create [unrealistic expectations](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-plastic-surgeons-balance-patients-cosmetic-surgery-desires-and-safety) that followers try to achieve.” 
 
Another motive for doctor hopping? [Being told no](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6679752/). Dr. Few says that if a patient does not like the advice or recommendation given (even if that suggestion is *not* to do a procedure), they’ll go ahead with it anyways. “I have had hundreds of cases over the past 20 years where a patient will ask for surgery or a cosmetic procedure, and I give them a clear, scientific reason as to why I am not willing to do the procedure; yet, they will go to someone much less experienced who believes they can deliver magic,” he shares. More often than not, he sees those patients again. “In the end, the patient comes back to me wanting to undo or fix what the other surgeon did,” he says. 

Similarly, Dr. Green performs a lot of revisions. “Half of the time, I end up fixing the work of another doctor or injector who screws up the patient because the patient — for whatever reason — came to me, then went to see someone else who they’re unhappy with, and then ends up back in my office,” she explains. “It can be a vicious cycle.”
 
Then, of course, there are the bargain shoppers. “Many of these treatments can be expensive and patients want to find the best deal,” says [Roseann Capanna-Hodge, EdD](https://drroseann.com/), a psychologist and integrative medical health expert in Ridgewood, CT. “Unfortunately, most of the discounted prices and deals are offered by less experienced providers, and they come at a cost (think: a lack of skills to properly evaluate, plan, and perform the treatment).” The psychological power of a sale runs deep. “Plenty of people hear of a deal or see a promo and, even if they aren’t due for a treatment or really need it, get it done anyway because they can’t pass up the savings,” Dr. Green adds. 

## **The Risky Business of Doctor Hopping**
“Those who are desperate to fix their physical appearance often make poor decisions,” says Dr. Capanna-Hodge. “There is a false belief that you can bargain shop for everything — including low-cost medical procedures from unqualified or inexperienced providers.” That desire for a discount often outweighs safety concerns. “Many would rather cut corners instead of investing in a provider that is not only experienced but provides safe quality care,” she notes.
 
Doctor shopping is more common with noninvasive procedures simply because patients believe it is easier to dupe their provider. But that doesn’t mean it doesn’t apply to surgery as well. And, as Dr. Few explains, the onus is on the doctor to do their due diligence. “Doctors need to play the role of investigative reporter before agreeing to treat these types of patients,” he says. “Often, I insist the patient give me their records from other places of treatment.” Over the years, he’s also learned some telltale signs of prior work. “Even if the patient does not share that they doctor shop, a trick to figure it out is to ask them to lift their brows and squint for signs of Botox®,” Dr. Few explains. “If they have signs of Botox® or previous surgery, I ask why they are not seeing the person who did their original work.” 

It's not just the lack of patient-provider honesty that makes doctor hopping problematic. It’s a slippery slope because of the large number of unqualified providers out there. While It’s difficult for patients to categorize an unqualified provider as the real deal, it’s also tricky to distinguish between authentic products, knockoffs and watered-down versions of the original. Any time anything is injected into your face or body, ask to see the bottle and verify that the product is in fact what it is supposed to be. “Usually, someone willing to do this type of thing is cutting corners,” Dr. Few warns. “It’s common for the person claiming to perform Botox® or Xeomin® for $5 a unit (less than the cost of the product) is likely getting it from an illicit place or watering it down so that it does not work as well or for as long as it should.”

Even if a patient is not well-versed in what to look for in a provider, dermatologists and surgeons know what red flags to look for in patients. “I question the ones that see a half-dozen different doctors and say, ‘no one is good,’” Dr. Green says. “Why has one patient been to so many doctors in a short time? What is the underlying reason why they can’t stick to a single doctor?” 

Dr. Few also keeps an eye on patients who talk about all the various places and doctors who have treated them. “This is a red flag,” he cautions. For some, doctor hopping is a way of life, but it’s like playing Russian roulette. “When doctors and services are treated as commodities such as purchasing groceries or gas, you may not receive the best outcome,” Dr. Ardesh says. “Aesthetics is still a part of medicine and it should be treated as such.”

## **The Dangers of Doctor Hopping** 
There are serious consequences — some even life-threatening — that can result from doctor shopping. “One little mistake and your life can be in danger and the damage will be permanent,” Dr. Capanna-Hodge says. “When it comes to cosmetic procedures, it’s best to think about why you’re getting the procedure, what it will do for you in terms of happiness, confidence, etc., and research the most qualified provider.” While finances will obviously play a role in the decision making process, don’t let [budget](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-much-cosmetic-surgery-costs) be *the* deciding factor. “If money is an issue, then reconsider your options and revisit when you have the funds to do so,” she suggests.

Here is just a sampling of the things that can go wrong when patients choose to crowdsource their care or see unqualified providers:

### **1. An overfilled face that appears distorted**
The entire face is fair game for overfilling, though the lips and cheeks usually take center stage. Some patients chase an overly plump aesthetic and seek out multiple doctors and rounds of treatments to obtain their ideal look. Poor technique is also often apparent. “Recently, I saw a patient who had her temples injected by another provider,” Dr. Green shares. “One side of her face looked injected, the other looked hollow. Needless to say, she wasn’t happy, and I had to correct it.” 

### **2. A blue-ish tint to the under-eye skin** 
Injecting [filler under the eyes](https://aedit.com/procedure/under-eye-filler) can erase hollowness and give an instant refresh, but, if the product is placed too superficially or the wrong filler is used, the skin can appear blue. Known as the Tyndall effect, the only way to reverse the pigment is by dissolving the hyaluronic acid-based filler with an enzyme called hyaluronidase. 

### **3. Excessive scarring**
Scars are an expected part of any surgery, but abnormal [scarring](https://aedit.com/aedition/minimizing-scars-after-surgery) (think: those that are painful, extremely thick, and easily infected) are not the norm and require patience, time, and TLC to correct.

### **4. Hard-to-fix lumps and nodules**
Here’s another reason why you shouldn’t let just anyone inject you, and why you should only do what is necessary, when it’s necessary: lumps and nodules. An overabundance of product (or the wrong product) can cause asymmetries, lumps, bumps, and nodules. If hyaluronic acid is used, it can usually be reversed. But with [biostimulatory injectables](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-dermal-fillers) or products like silicone that are not approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there’s little to nothing that can be done to correct the issue. 

### **5. Painful hematomas & seromas**
Although hematomas only occur in about 1 percent of [breast augmentation](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-augmentation-solutions) surgeries, they can develop from any type of cosmetic surgery. [Hematomas](https://academic.oup.com/asj/article/37/10/1175/3112265), which are pockets of blood that collect outside of the blood vessels, resemble a large, dark bruise, are painful and require additional procedures to remedy. Seromas, which are a pooling of fluid under the skin, can also form when surgery is performed by an unqualified surgeon. 

### **6. Skin that displays signs of hyperpigmentation**
It’s not just injectables and fillers that can cause problems — [lasers](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-ablative-laser-skin-resurfacing), in the wrong hands and without proper understanding of the patient’s skin tone, can be dicey, too. If the wrong setting is used on [darker skin tones](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-laser-skin-hair-removal-treatments-for-darker-skin-tones) or those that have certain undertones, hard-to-fix hyperpigmentation and melasma can easily ensue. “A patient may be of Asian or Mediterranean descent, but they may not look it, or they have darker undertones in their skin,” Dr. Green explains. “If a patient’s true skin type isn’t considered when it should be, the wrong device is used or the setting is placed too high for their skin, they will pigment.” When that happens, there is no easy remedy. “Some patients end up with [melasma](https://aedit.com/concern/melasma), which isn’t an easy fix,” she says. “Correcting pigment takes a very long time and a series of peels, lots of topicals, and other treatments to rectify the discoloration.” 

### **7. Loss of mobility**
Although it is rare, permanent loss of mobility, both to the face and body, can occur after surgery. “I have seen patients who are not candidates for blepharoplasty have surgery and, in the end, are unable to close their eyes because the surgeon did not have enough experience to know better,” Dr. Few recalls. “It is critical to always ask what the risks and the benefits are.” The way he sees it, the onus is on board certified surgeons to properly assess prospective patients. “If someone the doctor hops, it’s the doctor’s responsibility to slam on the brakes and make sure you know what is going on,” he says.

### **8. Permanent disfigurement**
Perhaps the most severe and debilitating side effect is permanent disfigurement, which can be a complication of both surgical *and* non-surgical procedures. Nerve damage, permanent numbness, and tingling that doesn’t subside can be serious long-term effects, and there’s also the rare complication of blindness if filler is injected into an artery.

## **The Takeaway**
We get one body, and aesthetic treatments to enhance it are not a place to cut corners. While there is always a chance that complications can arise from any procedure — invasive or non-invasive — even in the most qualified hands, [finding a board certified doctor or surgeon](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-the-right-plastic-surgeon-dermatologist-or-cosmetic-dentist) who specializes in the treatment(s) you are interested in and understands your aesthetic goals is the best way to minimize risk. At the end of the day, there is little to gain but a whole lot to lose from rolling the dice with your care.

For those that think visiting numerous doctors for fillers and injectables in a short period of time is the way to go, we are here to tell you it does more harm than good. Four experts explain why it's never a good idea.

The Dangers Of Doctor Hopping For Cosmetic Procedures

Why Doctor Hopping Is A Major No-No

marcin-jozwiak-gl5Qq9cXzjk-unsplash

If you think back to your high school physics class, you may remember learning Isaac Newton's third law of motion. It states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The same can be said of the relationship between our lifestyle choices and our bodies. Every decision made has a ripple effect on the body’s inflammation levels that, in turn, directly influences the aging process. 

The concept, known as ‘inflammaging’ (read: inflammation + aging), refers to “low-grade chronic inflammation that forms in the body as the result of exposure to environmental factors and contributes to physical aging and the onset of age-related diseases,” says Ebru Karpuzoglu, PhD, an immunologist and founder of [AveSeena](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aveseena.com%2F). In 2000, the [concept of inflammaging](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41574-018-0059-4) was coined by Italian researcher Claudio Franceschi, yet only recently did it catch on as part of the aesthetic community’s vernacular. “Inflammaging is not a story, nor is it a trend,” Dr. Karpuzoglu explains. “It’s a scientific term that’s getting a lot of attention these days due to the amount of stress we are all constantly under.” 

You probably don’t need to be reminded that, as a society, we are overly stressed and fatigued, but you may not be aware of just how much of a toll it is taking. “The side effect of the continuous stress we succumb to, which is on the rise partially due to COVID-19, is leading to more inflammaging than ever before,” she adds. It should come as no surprise then that beauty brands are devoting full product lines to the concept, and doctors are heavily educating patients on the pros (yes, there is some good associated with it) and cons of the inflammatory process. Here’s everything you need to know about inflammaging.

## **Inflammation 101** 
To fully understand just how damaging inflammation can be to the skin, it’s important to recognize that the body does not exist in a vacuum, untouched by outside forces. “It is an open system that is in constant communication with the environment,” Dr. Karpuzoglu says. “It responds to what it is exposed to by adjusting and protecting.” So, when you are stressed, your body reacts. “When the body is overrun by stress, microinflammation starts to set in,” she adds. 

Everybody exhibits signs of inflammation differently. As she explains, those with [sensitive skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin) often see inflammation manifest as “redness, sensitivity, and irritation,” while “thicker skin types” may see more wrinkles. Others will experience “extreme” dryness. “The common signs of aging are all part of inflammaging because inflammaging is modern-day aging,” Dr. Karpuzoglu explains.

Our skin is smart. It even has a memory, and [research shows](http://sciencealert.com/our-skin-can-remember-wounds-and-heal-them-up-faster-in-future) it’s able to recall incidents of inflammation. While the skin’s primary job is to protect the body against bacteria, viruses, stress, UV damage, toxins, and pollutants, it can only defend itself so much against certain aggressors. The skin’s protective network consists of more than just its flesh-toned epidermis; it’s a complex system of immune cells that include langerhans, macrophages, and dendritic cells that all work together to launch a quick response against assailants while repairing damaged tissues. “Our bodies are bombarded daily with a plethora of elements that make the immune system unhappy,” says Dr. Karpuzoglu. “The immune system works hard to protect the body from these aggressors and their damage, which aren’t always seen or felt.” The outermost layers of the skin act as a physical barrier between the outside world and all that comes into contact with it. For the [skin barrier](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-microbiome-skincare-products-ingredients) to function optimally, “it requires a significant amount of cell renewal and decreased inflammation,” says [Jason Emer, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/jason-emer-md-722), a board certified dermatologist in West Hollywood, CA. 

According to [Sejal Shah, MD](https://smarterskindermatology.com/about-us/sejal-shah-md/), a board certified dermatologist in New York City, inflammation has an array of troublesome effects on the skin, including:

- Damaging skin cells
- Disrupting the skin barrier
- Degrading collagen and elastin
- Depleting naturally occurring hyaluronic acid levels
- Causing a loss of facial fat

“All of these changes lead to [skin laxity](https://aedit.com/concern/facial-skin-laxity), loss of volume, [fine lines and wrinkles](https://aedit.com/concern/fine-lineswrinkles), brown spots, and [uneven skin tone](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone),” she shares. Inflammation also plays a significant role in certain skin conditions. “We know that internal inflammation, as well as skin inflammation, worsens outbreaks, [pigmentation](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-treat-hyperpigmentation-with-skincare-cosmetic-treatments) (we see this from lasers that cause too much heat and inflammation), and skin sensitivity like redness and rosacea,” Dr. Emer adds.

Once the immune system is flooded with inflammatory aggressors, it works overtime as a means of mitigating the inflammation while attempting to protect its now weakened skin barrier. “The immune system is comprised of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediations, so inflammation is an immune response,” Dr. Shah notes. The process starts when it senses a ‘danger’ (think: infection, trauma, or toxin). “The immune system is guided by feedback loops, so, as these inflammatory mediators contain the ‘danger’ and the body recovers, the feedback loop signals the immune system to release anti-inflammatory mediators to restore balance,” she explains. Living in a constant state of inflammation forces mitochondria to work harder to generate cellular energy, which can lead to burnout, sickness, free radical damage, and poorly functioning cells.

### **But Not All Inflammation Is Bad…**
It’s important to note, however, that not all forms of inflammation are bad. In fact, in situations where it is short-lived, the innate inflammatory process serves as an aid in healthy healing to keep the body safe from germs, bacteria, toxins, and disease. “Inflammation is natural and is a process that causes minor damage for more substantial rebuilding and collagen formation of skin and joints,” Dr. Emer says. 

This logic extends to some of the most popular aesthetic procedures. “This process is true of [lasers](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-ablative-laser-skin-resurfacing) that mildly damage the skin,” he explains. “The inflammation created from lasers and even [microneedling](https://aedit.com/procedure/microneedling) results in redness for a short time.” That short-term inflammation is for long-term gain. “When the skin is healed and repaired, it’s better than it was before,” he continues. “So, inflammation, like exercise for the muscles, improves your body over time — even though you ‘damage’  it through strenuous work.”

## **What Inflammaging Looks Like**
For the most part, inflammaging is less visible on the skin’s surface, yet it’s doing major damage underneath the superficial layers. “Micro-inflammaging isn’t as visual as regular chronic inflammation, but it’s happening,” Dr. Karpuzoglu says, adding that, eventually, “the damage shows.” When the effects are present and noticeable (this occurs over time) inflammation-induced aging appears as skin that is:

- Irritated
- Inflamed
- Pigmented
- Wrinkled

It’s also common for it to be accompanied by itching, sensitivity, fatigue, low energy levels, joint pain, and digestive and sleep issues. For those that suffer from inflammatory skin conditions like [eczema](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-products-to-treat-eczema-flare-ups-in-the-winter), [psoriasis](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-live-with-and-treat-psoriasis), and [rosacea](https://aedit.com/concern/rosacea), inflammaging can exacerbate them. “If inflammation is persistent and the by-product of [cystic acne](https://aedit.com/concern/acne), joint disease, an autoimmune disease, or a thyroid issue, then the skin and body are more apt to damage because it doesn’t have the time or ability to heal strongly,” Dr. Emer says. 

So, how do you know if your body is a victim of inflammaging? If your skin is easily damaged (read: it [burns quickly in the sun](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-relieve-and-treat-sunburn) or it takes weeks to heal from a minor cut or scrape), chances are there are high levels of internal inflammation. Photodamage and a lack of skin plumpness and thickness are also indicators of inflammaging. Other common symptoms include wrinkles, pigmentation, enlarged pores, and skin laxity. “With aging and inflammation, it’s common to see dilated blood vessels, redness, [dark circles](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-aesthetic-procedures-to-minimize-dark-circles), and hollows under the eyes,” says Dr. Emer. The skin’s microbiome may also be compromised leading to [dryness](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-dry-skin-face-body-hands) and infection.

## **The Ultimate Anti-Inflammaging Toolkit**
The key to controlling inflammaging is to be diligent about protecting the skin’s immune function — that means cutting out anything and everything that is bad for you. Here, everything to do to keep inflammation levels under control to thwart off the common signs of aging:

### **1. Follow a Healthy Diet**
What you eat [directly affects](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-food-impacts-skin-aging) your skin. Pro-inflammatory foods like refined sugar, processed foods, white starchy bread, and empty carbohydrates may taste good, but they exacerbate inflammation and aging. Instead, eat clean and green and drink plenty of water. This provides your body with the fuel it needs to tackle inflammation. It’s best to eat moderately sized portions rather than large plates of food, since overeating contributes to persistent inflammation in the gut. “Also, stay away from fast food — it doesn’t help,” Dr. Karpuzoglu says. “We need to return to our roots and follow the principle of eating foods you can grow, gather, and hunt.”

### **2. Get Enough Sleep**
In case you need another reason to prioritize your [beauty sleep](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-beauty-sleep-on-skin-health-nighttime-skincare-products), a good night’s rest is essential for keeping inflammation at bay. [Research shows](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3548567/) that mediators of inflammation are affected by sleep loss. If falling asleep is an issue, consider a nighttime [cannabidiol (CBD)](https://aedit.com/aedition/use-of-cbd-cannabinoids-products-in-wellness-fitness-recovery) supplement, like [ZIPPZ SleepZ](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzippz.com%2Fexplore-our-formulas%2F%23sleepz), which offers six different formulas to give the body the rest it deserves.  

### **3. Learn to Control Stress**
Elevated [stress levels](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-stress-on-skin-acne-wrinkles-dryness) signal the body to ramp up the production of the stress hormone cortisol. An increase in cortisol is directly related to acne, rosacea, and eczema flare-ups, which is why it’s important to relax and calm down.

### **4. Use Anti-Inflammatory Skincare**
The skin’s immunity is dependent on a healthy microbiome and skin barrier. So, it’s all about supporting and rebuilding the barrier to sustain immunity and limit inflammation, which is just what anti-inflammaging-centric skincare products aim to do. [AveSeena Ageless Perfection Cream](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aveseena.com%2Fshop%2Fdehydration%2Fageless-perfection-cream%2F) is a multitasking lotion that works wonders on dry skin and simultaneously supports the skin barrier and microbiome. [Heraux Molecular Anti-Inflammaging Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fherauxskin.com%2Fproducts%2Fheraux-serum), which is suitable for use both day and night, is formulated with a proprietary anti-inflammaging molecule known as HX-1 that protects stem cells from damaging stressors that trigger aging and modulates the protein that regulates cell regeneration. The [True Botanicals CBD 500 Anti-Inflammaging Treatment Oil](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcbd.truebotanicals.com%2Fproducts%2Fcbd500-anti-inflammaging-face-skin-oil), meanwhile, features 500 milligrams of soothing full spectrum CBD and skin barrier-supporting jojoba seed, hemp seed, rosehip seed, and sea buckthorn oils. 

### **5. Load Up on Antioxidants**
Powerful antioxidants, like [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare), [vitamin E](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-e-in-skincare), and turmeric, scavenge the free radicals that are known to have a pro-inflammatory effect on the skin. Incorporate antioxidants [into your diet](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-diet-for-healthy-beautiful-skin) and [skincare routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-ingredient-pairings) to reap the internal and external benefits. 

### **6. Protect Your Skin from the Sun** 
We’ve said it before, and we’ll say it again: daily [sun protection](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-sunscreens-of-2021) is non-negotiable — especially as it relates to fighting inflammaging. “Sunscreen is crucial, as UV radiation drives the production of pro-inflammatory mediators,” Dr. Shah notes. A water-resistant mineral sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 is your best bet. Dr. Emer’s [Emerage Skin Fusion Shield SPF](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Femeragecosmetics.com%2Fproducts%2Ffusion-shield-spf-30) fits the bill, and it also contains vitamin C and marine extracts to repair skin while protecting against sun damage.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

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Inflammation is a long-known cause of aging, but the word inflammaging (inflammation + aging) is a somewhat new and, now, authentic scientific term.

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