All of Your Questions About NAD+ Treatments Answered

There’s a solid chance you’ve never heard of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide—that’s probably because you know it by its widely-used acronym, NAD+. Over the last several years, the naturally occurring enzyme has taken the health and wellness industry by storm. NAD+ has rapidly gained popularity because it’s thought to play an important role in metabolism, aging, longevity, the immune system, and DNA repair.

In this 101 piece, we interview industry experts to understand the background of NAD+, its benefits, the different ways to get the treatment, and suggested guidelines for optimal results. If you’re new to NAD+ or just curious to learn more about it, you’ll want to read on.

The Background and Celebrity Influence

While most of us are just learning about NAD+, researchers have actually been studying the enzyme for over a hundred years. However, it wasn’t until 1999 that researchers started to uncover that the molecules play a major role in cellular function regulation. A little over a decade later, the first NAD+ supplements were brought to market. But, the rise of NAD+ therapies really took off in 2020 when it gained traction among celebrities. Jennifer Aniston referred to them as “the future” in a Wall Street Journal interview; Hailey Bieber said “I’m going to NAD for the rest of my life and never age” in an episode of The Kardashians; and Joe Rogan spoke about its immunity, cognitive, and overall wellness benefits on his podcast. With so many influencer endorsements, the NAD+ market grew to an estimated $184 million in 2022.

The Benefits of NAD+ Treatments

We actually all have NAD+ in our bodies already. But, as we age, our NAD+ stores decline. Amanda Kahn, MD, board-certified internist and longevity specialist in New York City, says that we lose about 50% by age 40. Since the coenzyme plays a critical role in anti-aging by supporting mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and optimizing cellular activity, a decline in NAD+ can contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation, and reduced production of cellular energy called ATP, says Kahn.

“Decreased ATP can accelerate aging and degeneration of all tissues in the body, including and perhaps most visibly, in the skin. Research suggests that NAD+ helps maintain skin elasticity by promoting collagen and elastin synthesis, improving tissue hydration, and supporting adequate nutrient delivery by supporting the skin’s microvasculature,” explains Kahn. “NAD+ also activates the Sirtuin family of longevity-associated proteins that promote cellular repair and reduce inflammation, both of which contribute to slowing down and possibly reversing the aging process.”

In addition to its anti-aging benefits, many report that the popular treatment boosts energy levels and enhances cognitive function. By supporting mitochondrial health and regulating oxidative stress and inflammation, NAD+ can also improve focus, memory, and mental clarity.

AEDIT Founder, Dr. William Kennedy, MD, also weighed in on the subject saying "Mitochondria are responsible for producing about 90% of our body's energy. If we improve the health and function of the mitochondria in our body, we will feel more energized. NAD+ has emerged as a vital oxidoreductase cofactor that maintains mitochondrial health and function. NAD+ acts as a cofactor for various enzymes, including sirtuins, which are involved in regulating cellular metabolism and energy production. By activating these enzymes, NAD+ helps to optimize mitochondrial function, leading to increased energy production in the form of ATP, boosting our energy levels."

And, if all of the benefits above weren't enough to convince you of the magic of NAD+, it’s also thought to improve metabolism, sleep quality, and physical performance.

How to Get NAD+ Treatment

Since its steady incline in popularity, NAD+ is widely available; you can get it at wellness-focused clinics, like Advitamin at Shafer Clinic, luxury hotels and resorts, or even book a treatment in the comfort of your own home.

• IV Therapy: With more immediate benefits and a larger dose of NAD+, many practitioners recommend intravenous NAD+ therapy. However, Kahn points out that IV therapy can be time-consuming, more expensive, may not be practical for long-term maintenance, and may be more than the body physiologically needs in one sitting. It is typically administered in clinics or wellness centers and can take around two to four hours. Depending on the person’s goals, the practitioner may add vitamins or medications to the treatment. Since it’s absorbed more quickly, some people have difficulty tolerating infusions and experience nausea, stomach pain, dizziness, and headaches during the session.

• Oral Supplements: NAD+ supplements are available in capsule and powder form and are marketed for their potential to boost energy and support longevity. While they offer a more convenient option compared to IV therapy, their effectiveness is patient-dependent since they must first be absorbed through the digestive system. Though, Kahn prefers precursors of NAD+, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), over direct oral NAD+ supplementation because they are easily accessible over the counter, are bioavailable by mouth, and are efficiently transported into cells. For optimal results, supplements must be taken consistently. As with all supplements, there are potential side effects, such as nausea, headaches, itching, and sweating.

• Injections and Patches: While less common than IV therapy and oral supplements, NAD+ can also be administered through intramuscular injections and transdermal patches, either in-office or at home. Intramuscular injections provide a quicker method for NAD+ absorption and are typically administered in a clinical setting. Transdermal patches, on the other hand, deliver a slow and steady release of NAD+ through the skin.

Expert Recommendations for Optimal Results

Let’s get one thing straight: if you want (good!) results from NAD+ therapies, you absolutely need to work with a licensed professional. Regardless of whether you’re looking to try NAD+ once or just take supplements, it’s critical to work with a knowledgeable team. Because the quality and sterility of internal NAD+ supplementation are critical for safety and efficacy, Dr. Khan urges that NAD+ injections should only be obtained by prescription to ensure medical-grade purity and avoid contamination risks associated with unregulated products.

NAD+ therapies are tailored to each individual, so the best practice is to have a consultation or assessment prior to a prescription. The dose, frequency, and duration of an NAD+ treatment varies from person to person and depends on individual factors like health goals, medical issues, baseline NAD+ levels, and demographics.

“At Advitam, in order to determine what type of NAD+ treatment is best for our patients we start with a comprehensive consultation including lab tests, biomarkers, and body composition analysis,” Jamie Gabel, PA-C, a certified physician assistant at New York’s Advitamin at the Shafer Clinic tells us. And, of course, they can offer abbreviated health screenings for those solely interested in NAD+.

When it comes to taking NAD+ to achieve certain health goals, Dr. Kahn finds it particularly helpful during specific periods in life: while trying to conceive for improved egg quality, during post-partum for a boost in mood and energy, after surgery or athletic injury to accelerate healing or after a seasonal illness for a quicker recovery.

So, how long does it take to feel the “magic” of NAD+? Though patient-dependent, many notice improvements in energy, sleep, cognitive function, and general well-being within a few weeks of consistent use, says Dr. Kahn.

The Bottom Line

With rising celebrity endorsement, we expect NAD+ to become even more mainstream in 2025. It’s been marketed as a “miracle molecule,” touted for its benefits in reversing the signs of the skin’s aging, boosting energy, enhancing cognitive function, increasing overall wellness, and so much more. The treatment is available in supplement, IV, patch, and injection forms, making it suitable for all different types of candidates. Regardless of which way you “NAD,” you should always seek professional advice to determine if it’s right for you. It's also important to note, at the end of the day, we think all experts would agree that a consistent skincare regimen (sunscreen!) and healthy lifestyle are a necessity alongside NAD+ treatment to see significant results.