GLP-1 agonists

What are GLP-1 agonists?

We’ve all heard about it, but what exactly does the new injectable weight loss craze entail? Glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibitors are injectable medications given into subcutaneous (fat) tissue to modulate blood glucose, alter insulin secretion, slow gastric emptying, and increase feelings of satiety for weight management and sugar control. These medications are clinically indicated and food and drug administration approved to treat both type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight/obesity based on BMI by licensed medical professionals.

Of note, these types of injectable medications have been used for some time in type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes along with other oral diabetes drugs like metformin and sulfonylureas which have a different mechanism of action.

Some common GLP-1 receptor agonists include semaglutide (Wegovy, Rybelsus, and Ozempic), exenatide (Bydureon and Byetta), liraglutide (Victoza), dulaglutide (Trulicity), and tirzepatide (Mounjaro and Zepbound).

H2: What cosmetic/health concerns do GLP-1 agonists address? GLP-1 agonists provide dual benefit to body weight and blood sugar levels. Controlled trials have shown clinically significant reductions in blood sugar levels and also body weight with use of these medications. GLP-1 medications may also reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and heart failure.

Who is the ideal candidate for GLP-1 agonists?

The ideal candidate for GLP-1 agonists has type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, or is overweight/obese by BMI standards. Those with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer, other endocrine neoplasias, chronic kidney disease, or certain cardiovascular disease are not good candidates for these medications.

What are the potential side effects of GLP-1 agonists?

GLP-1 agonists side effects range from mild to severe. Mild side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. More serious side effects include hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, and diabetic retinopathy complications.

What can someone expect from the results of GLP-1 agonists?

The results of GLP-1 agonists will start to become relatively quickly into the titrating process. All GLP-1 medications are taken in a step wise manner with dosage changes very four weeks. Patients can expect to begin losing weight within the first two months of use. Case reports suggest sustained long term weight management may be challenging for some individuals who for any reason stop taking glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists.

What is the average cost of GLP-1 agonists?

The actual cost of GLP-1 agonists will vary but generally falls between $1,000 and $3,000 per month without insurance. Medication cost is dependent on a candidate’s location and insurance.

Is it worth it?

When considering the question of is GLP-1 agonists worth it, it’s important to remember that setting realistic expectations around treatment goals will help both a candidate and their provider achieve the best results possible.

GLP-1 agonists are not a permanent solution and it will be up to the individual patient as to how they adapt their lifestyle and habits to maintain their results.