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*Feel like you need a dictionary every time you look at the ingredient list of a beauty product? Still unsure of the difference between retinol and retinoids? What about the unique benefits of vitamins B, C, and E? Are alpha and beta hydroxy acids the same thing? The skincare aisle can be overwhelming, but you don’t need a PhD in cosmetic chemistry to navigate it. With expert help, The AEDITION is demystifying and simplifying the beauty industry — [one label at a time](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/read-the-label).*

Vitamin B is well-known for its plethora of skincare and wellness benefits, but things can get murky when it comes to its numerous offshoots, including vitamin B3 (a.k.a. [niacinamide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-niacinamide-vitamin-b3-in-skincare)), vitamin B6, and vitamin B12. Vitamin B5 (read: pantothenic acid) is another vitamin under the ‘B’ umbrella, and, in order to learn more about how it can be added to your skincare regimen, we talked to two industry experts for the lowdown.

## **What Is Vitamin B5?**
Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid, is a water-soluble B vitamin. It’s necessary for making red blood cells, breaking down fats and carbohydrates for energy, and maintaining a healthy digestive tract. When it comes to topical skincare, Krupa Koestline, clean cosmetic chemist and founder of [KKT Consultants](https://www.kktconsultants.com/portfolio), explains that “it’s found to have anti-inflammatory, skin barrier-strengthening, and wound-healing properties.” As such, “it helps prevent infections by preventing biofilm formation on the skin,” she adds.

![Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/5oOwzvrgUbQnPJIpk9yHHY/a4001ca7d5d1fa40bc4c174e98fe9bd0/Vitamin-B5-Pantothenic-Acid-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.jpg)

While we’re used to talking about soothing skincare ingredients as either a humectant that draws moisture into the skin (think: [hyaluronic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler)) or an emollient that locks it in (hi, [squalane](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-squalane-for-skin-hair)), vitamin B5 is both. “It acts as both an humectant and occlusive to both hydrate and moisturize the skin,” Koestline shares. So, while pantothenic acid may not get the same level of attention as some of its fellow hydrators and moisturizers, its multitasking status earns it plenty of respect.

When it comes to finding vitamin B5 in the beauty aisle, Koestline confirms that most skincare products are formulated with panthenol, a pro-vitamin (or precursor), “that the body quickly converts to pantothenic acid.” 

## **The Benefits of Vitamin B5 in Skincare**
As you’ve likely started to notice, pantothenic acid has a multitude of benefits. “It is an excellent and important skin nutrient,” says [René Serbon](https://www.reneserbon.com/), an aesthetician and skin expert. She breaks down its capabilities in the following way:

- Hydrate & retain moisture in the skin
- Reduce inflammation
- Calm irritation
- Promote skin healing & regeneration
- Stabilizes disrupted skin barriers

But that’s not all. Because of all these nourishing and barrier-boosting properties, “vitamin B5 has shown to be beneficial to skin suffering with [acne](https://aedit.com/concern/acne),” she adds.

## **The Best Candidates for Vitamin B5**
Do you have [acne-prone](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-oily-and-acne-prone-skin), [dry](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-dry-skin-face-body-hands), or [sensitive](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin) skin? Say hello to your new best (skincare) friend. “Vitamin B5 is generally gentle and safe for everyone with low chances of irritating the skin,” Koestline says. And those with oily skin “may also like it, as it provides very lightweight moisturization,” she adds. 

Heading into your provider with a skin resurfacing treatment? You may want to add a product with panthenol to your [post-op skincare routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/post-procedure-skincare-makeup-product-guide). “Because of its wound healing properties, it’s particularly useful post-procedure, like any type of [microneedling](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-professional-microneedling-at-home-dermarolling), [ablative laser](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-ablative-laser-skin-resurfacing), or [chemical peels](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-superficial-medium-deep-chemical-peels),” Koestline shares. As for those who should stay away, Serbon says there are no particular skin types that need to avoid vitamin B5. 

## **How to Find the Right Vitamin B5 Product**
Finding the right B5 product starts with reading the ingredient label, as the item may not say ‘vitamin B5’ outright. Koestline notes that it can be listed as panthenol, provitamin B5, butanamide, and d-pantothenyl alcohol.

Next, you’ll want to take your skin type into account. “If you have sensitive skin and are looking for a vitamin B5 product to soothe your skin, look for a product [without any fragrance](https://aedit.com/aedition/fragrance-free-beauty-skincare-for-sensitive-skin),” she suggests. And then there is a the potency. Since the concentration of vitamin B5 in a product isn’t usually publicized, you’ll want to look for one that’s formulated with other hydrating ingredients — “like antioxidants, other humectants, and other occlusives,” Koestline explains — to boost its benefits. 

## **How to Add Vitamin B5 to Your Skincare Routine**
Vitamin B5 gives you the gift of choice, as you can choose where you want to put it in your routine. The beauty of the ingredient is that it does not increase photosensitivity, which means it can be used both morning and/or night, and it plays well with other ingredients. 

For serums, the [Sweet Chef Celery + Hyaluronic Acid Hydrating Serum Shot](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.target.com%2Fp%2Fsweet-chef-celery-hyaluronic-acid-hydrating-serum-shot-1-fl-oz%2F-%2FA-83470764) contains panthenol, and it can be used as a hydrator before your moisturizer. [Glossier Super Bounce](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.glossier.com%2Fproducts%2Fsuper-bounce) is another great moisturizer, while the [Tula Calming Vitamin B Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tula.com%2Fproducts%2Fsensitive-skin-treatment-drops-calming-vitamin-b-serum%3F) is a good option for those with irritated or acne-prone skin.

A fan of [toners](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-toner-in-skincare)? “Another benefit that vitamin B5 has is its ability to ‘piggyback’ other ingredients into the deeper layers of the skin,” Serbon shares. “This is especially true when in a formulation such as a toner.” The [Etude House SoonJung pH 5.5 Relief Toner](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsokoglam.com%2Fproducts%2Fsoonjung-ph-5-5-relief-toner%3F) is perfect for sensitive skin, and oily skin types should go for [Paula’s Choice Skin Balancing Pore-Reducing Toner](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.paulaschoice.com%2Fskin-balancing-pore-reducing-toner%2F135-1350.html).

Masking options include the [La Roche-Posay Cicaplast B5 Facial Sheet Mask](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.laroche-posay.com.au%2Fcicaplast%2Fcicaplast-b5-mask) and [SkinCeuticals Hydrating B5 Mask](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fskinceuticals-hydrating-b5-masque%2F11289620.html). Both are ultra nourishing and suitable for sensitive, post-procedure, and dry and dehydrated skin.

It’s worth noting that vitamin B5 has a similarly softening and shine-inducing effect [on the hair](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-hair-care-products-by-texture-color), and it may be in some of the conditioners and leave-in treatments you are already using. It’s also possible that it’s in some of the products [in your makeup routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/skincare-ingredients-in-makeup) thanks to its emoillient and moisturizing properties.

## **The Takeaway**
Vitamin B5 is a member of the B complex vitamin group. Inside the body, it helps to make red blood cells. On the skin, pantothenic acid can be used to help pretty much all skin types retain moisture, restore the skin barrier, and reduce inflammation. From skincare and body care to makeup and haircare, there is a good chance pantothenic acid is already in your beauty routine, but, if it’s not, it’s definitely deserves a spot in your regimen.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Beauty

Vitamin B5 just might be the wonder ingredient you’ve been looking for in your skincare routine. Here’s the scoop.

Guide To Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) In Skincare, Hair Care, Makeup

Read The Label: What You Need To Know About Vitamin B5 In Skincare

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Sloughing off dead skin cells to make way for brighter, healthier skin sounds like a recipe for a glowing countenance — and, for the most part, it is. “Exfoliating can improve the efficacy of your skincare products by removing dead skin cells so products are better able to penetrate the skin and deliver better results,” says [Michele Green, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/michele-green-md-34642), a board certified cosmetic dermatologist in New York City. “Exfoliants can fade discoloration, improve fine lines and wrinkles, and clear blemishes.” 

But, as the cliché goes, you *can* have too much of a good thing. Thanks to the abundance of skincare products on the market and armchair aestheticians on social media sharing their recommendations, it’s easy to think a skincare routine isn’t complete without dozens of steps (see: Shay Mitchell’s [58-step beautification process](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCS0bZucQ20)) and daily exfoliation. But dermatologists tell us that not only is it possible to over-exfoliate the skin, it’s actually quite common among skincare enthusiasts. Here, the real experts explain how often to exfoliate and how to tell if you’ve gone overboard.

## **How Often Should I Exfoliate?**
First things first, a quick refresher on exfoliators. Generally speaking, there are two types of exfoliation: chemical and physical. The former uses a chemical solution (usually composed of [alpha](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare), [beta](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-beta-hydroxy-acids-salicylic-acid-in-skincare), and/or [polyhydroxy](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-polyhydroxy-acids-in-skincare) acids or enzymes) to loosen up the bonds between dead skin cells and impurities so they slough off, while the latter involves manually buffing the skin. “Chemical exfoliation is gentler on the skin than mechanical exfoliants, which can cause microscopic tears in the skin,” Dr. Green says. “Plus, the benefits of a chemical exfoliation are immediate — once the skin is cleaned you are left with new, fresh glowing skin.”

Before an exfoliating product becomes a regular part of your skincare routine, [Hadley King, MD](https://www.drhadleyking.com/), a board certified dermatologist in NYC, suggests testing it a couple of times on a smaller area of skin to see how you react. Keep an eye out for any irritation and notice if your skin feels unusually tight after using it. Once it passes muster, gradually increase it to the level recommended on the package. 

How often you can and should exfoliate depends on a myriad of factors including your skin type and the product you’re using. [Taylor Worden](https://www.taylorworden.com/), a NYC-based facialist, says that most of her clients exfoliate about two times per week. Those with [dry](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-drying-habits-to-avoid) or [sensitive](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin) skin may scale down to just once a week, while those with [oily skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-oily-and-acne-prone-skin) may be able to handle three times per week. Take your time to [slowly introduce](https://aedit.com/aedition/safely-trying-new-skincare-products-ingredients) exfoliating products to your routine and let your skin guide you.

## **What Are Signs That I’m Exfoliating Too Often?**
If that fresh, glowing skin turns dry, irritated, red, or flaky, your exfoliator might be to blame. You may even notice breakouts, which can happen as a result of stripping the skin of its natural moisture. While exfoliants can be sensitizing, any tingling and redness should be temporary and resolve quickly. When it lingers or worsens, it’s likely because the product doesn’t agree with your complexion or you’ve overdone it.
 
According to Dr. King, both chemical and physical exfoliants can lead to over-exfoliation if they are used too frequently, with too much pressure, at too high of a strength, or with too many other potentially irritating or drying ingredients. 

## **How Can I Correct Over-Exfoliation?**
First and foremost, hide the offending product in the back of your cabinet and avoid using it until your complexion looks and feels less irritated. While your skin is inflamed, take a step back from all harsh products, including scrubs, acids, and [retinol](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare). In its place, go back to basics and treat your skin the way you would in the [aftermath of a resurfacing treatment](https://aedit.com/aedition/skincare-after-facial-plastic-surgery-procedures) such as a laser or a chemical peel.

Dr. Green suggests opting for a mild, non-sudsing gel cleanser like [Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulta.com%2Fp%2Fgentle-skin-cleanser-pimprod2028662) or [CeraVe Hydrating Facial Cleanser](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulta.com%2Fp%2Fhydrating-facial-cleanser-with-ceramides-hyaluronic-acid-xlsImpprod4190255). Both contain soothing ingredients like [niacinamide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-niacinamide-vitamin-b3-in-skincare), [ceramides](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-ceramides-in-skincare), and [glycerin](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-glycerin-in-skincare) to calm sensitized skin. [Amanda Doyle, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/amanda-doyle-md-31526), a board certified dermatologist at Russak Dermatology in NYC, is a fan of the [SkinCeuticals Phyto Corrective Mask](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fskinceuticals-phyto-corrective-masque-60ml%2F11339142.html) because it cools the skin on contact and visibly reduces redness. 

Speaking of cooling the complexion, Dr. Green recommends trying to alleviate skin sensitivity with a cold compress, followed by an over-the-counter topical hydrocortisone. If you have broken skin, try the [Aquaphor Healing Ointment](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.walgreens.com%2Fstore%2Fc%2Faquaphor-healing-ointment%2FID%3Dprod14801-product) or [Doctor Rodgers Restore Healing Balm](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fdoctor-rogers-restore-restore-healing-balm-0.5-oz.%2F12915562.html) to lock in moisture and speed up recovery. 

If swapping your harsh products for sensitive ones doesn’t calm down your skin, speak to your dermatologist about a prescription topical — and, while you’re at it, ask for their tips for gentler exfoliation. For some, trying an application technique like [short contact therapy](https://aedit.com/aedition/short-contact-therapy-in-skincare) can allow you to reap the benefits with less of the side effects. Glowing skin is a delicate balance, but it’s absolutely achievable with the right products and a bit of patience.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

As the cliché goes, you can have too much of a good thing. Here’s how to tell if you’ve gone too far.

What Happens When You Over-Exfoliate Your Skin

Am I Exfoliating Too Much?

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Other than retinol, [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare) is perhaps the most talked about skincare ingredient around thanks to its array of skin-boosting benefits. The potent antioxidant defends against environmental stressors (think: free radical damage), in addition to minimizing the appearance of visible signs of aging, including fine lines and wrinkles, pigmentation, and dullness. But despite its workhorse status, vitamin C products have historically been difficult to formulate and unpleasant to use (hi, stinging and smelly formulas).

Fortunately, there is a new crop of skincare lines working to change that, and [Common Heir](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommonheir.com%2F) is one of the brands leading the charge. “What we set out to do is redefine your top-shelf beauty classics with a luxe-meets-[sustainable](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-make-your-beauty-routine-more-sustainable) twist,” says Cary Lin, the co-founder and CEO of Common Heir. In April 2020, the brand launched with a single product, the [Vitamin C Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommonheir.com%2Fproducts%2Fvitamin-c-serum), that challenges pretty much everything you’ve come to expect from the antioxidant.

“We did a lot of research with our community members about what they liked and didn't like about their vitamin C experience,” Lin shares. “A pain point was that people would invest so much in these products to find that they would sting or smell like bacon or have that Listerine-effect on the skin.” Lin says she and her co-founder, Angela Ubias, became “obsessed with solving” these frustrations and ensuring their customers were educated on exactly why the [topical vitamin](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamins-in-skincare) should be in their routine. 

Here, we’re breaking down some of the most common misconceptions and under-appreciated benefits of vitamin C in skincare. Read on for the top five and check out a [replay of our Instagram Live](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcBoEt3R0Qg) with Lin to learn more about the beloved active ingredient:

<a href="https://youtu.be/vcBoEt3R0Qg" class="embedly-card" data-card-width="100%" data-card-controls="0">Embedded content: https://youtu.be/vcBoEt3R0Qg</a>

## **1. It Doesn't Have to Smell Bad — or Change Color**
Hotdog water. Stale bacon. Metallic. Those are just a few of the words that have been used to describe the aroma of some of the most well-known vitamin C serums on the market. While you may have grown accustomed to holding your nose while applying them, vitamin C products don’t have to smell to work. 

L-ascorbic acid is the most active and studied form of vitamin C, and it's found in many of the lotions and potions that you associate with that pungent scent. L-ascorbic acid is notoriously unstable and not always well-tolerated by the complexion, but a more stable alternative can be found in tetrahexyldecyl (THD) ascorbate. “It’s an oil-soluble vitamin C derivative,” Lin explains. “So much of what traditional l-ascorbate acid formulas do is that they put things in not for your skin but to make the vitamin C behave.”

L-ascorbic acid oxidizes when exposed to light and air, which is why it is often recommended to look for formulas packaged in dark or opaque bottles that are airtight. Over time, it changes in color from yellow to orange to brown and leaves many users wondering whether or not the product is still safe and effective to use. 

THD ascorbate “doesn’t have that yellow color that is associated with l-ascorbate acid,” Lin notes, adding that Common Heir’s unique single-dose, plastic-free packaging also helps to maintain potency. “Part of what we wanted to do was use the capsule to protect the formula… so it’s at its absolute freshest when you are using it,” she shares. “Our [shelf life](https://aedit.com/aedition/shelf-life-of-skincare-products-ingredients) is actually 18 months, which is two to three times the average.”

## **2. It Doesn't Have to Sting**
In order to be effective, l-ascorbic acid needs to be formulated at a very specific pH (below 3.5). Your skin's natural pH is around 5.5, so that acidity is “why you get that stinging and irritation,” Lin shares. Additionally, l-ascorbate acid is water soluble and struggles to penetrate the skin. To make up for that, it is often included at high — and potentially irritating — concentrations to yield results. 

But using skincare with vitamin C doesn't have to be [sensitizing](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin). “By being oil-soluble, [THD ascorbate] can penetrate more deeply because our skin is layers of fatty acids,” Lin explains. “It can go deeper into the skin without irritation.” Plus, you don’t need to overload the skin to reap the benefits. “There is a tradeoff between how much of something you put into a product and how it feels,” she says. “It’s cool to have an arms race over the potency of something, but the truth is: If it comes at an aesthetic compromise — it stings, it’s too oily, or too heavy — you’re not going to want to use it.”

For Common Heir, Lin says a 10 percent concentration of THD ascorbate “ended up being the sweet spot between delivering that pigmentation-fading, dark spot-fading, and [fine line and wrinkle](https://aedit.com/concern/fine-lineswrinkles) improvement without making the formula too heavy, too oily, or not fun to use.” With that said, every formula is unique. It’s like comparing apples and oranges to base your assessment of a product simply by looking at the concentration of its active ingredients. 

## **3. It Does More Than Brighten the Skin**
What is the benefit of vitamin C in skincare? If you answered ‘brightening,’ you are correct — but that’s not its only superpower. “Part of the reason we started Common Heir with just one product and why we chose vitamin C to be that product is because of the universal benefits,” Lin shares. “It doesn't discriminate against a certain type of skin or certain pigment level.”

What it does do is check many of the boxes we tend to talk about in relation to the appearance and health of the skin. On the aesthetics front, it smooths [skin texture](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-texture), [evens skin tone](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone), and even works at a cellular level to stimulate collagen and elastin production. “It helps treat, but it also helps prevent,” Lin adds. 

As it relates to skin health and preventing visible signs of aging, vitamin C is an antioxidant that defends against environmental stressors like free radicals, UV radiation, and pollution. “Prevention is definitely a lot easier than treating something,” Lin notes. “It’s sort of like a daily multivitamin that you take for your health; it’s literally a vitamin that is awesome for your skin.”

## **4. It Boosts the Benefits of Your Sunscreen**
Speaking of preventative skincare, the most vital prevention step is [sunscreen](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-sunscreen-for-face-body). We know we sound like a broken record on the topic, but we must reiterate that you should be wearing a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a minimum of SPF 30 every single day regardless of the weather or if you are spending time outdoors. [Reapply](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-sunscreen-and-not-miss-a-spot) the formula every two hours (or more frequently when sweating or swimming). 

But what if we told you that you could improve the protection of sunscreen simply by paring it with vitamin C? “Vitamin C plays super well with sunscreen in terms of boosting the antioxidant benefits when you are out in the sun and getting that exposure,” Lin says. A [2013 study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3673383/) on the effectiveness of antioxidants with and without sunscreen found that:

> *Sunscreens when properly applied prevent UV-induced erythema and thymine dimer mutations that contribute to cutaneous carcinogenesis [skin cancer]. However, sunscreens block only 55 percent of the free radicals produced by UV exposure...To optimize UV protection, it is important to use sunscreens combined with a topical antioxidant. Vit. C does not absorb UV light but exerts an UV-protective effect by neutralizing free radicals, while this effect is not seen with sunscreens. Under laboratory conditions, it has been shown that application of 10 percent topical Vit. C showed statistical reduction of UVB-induced erythema [skin reddening] by 52 percent and sunburn cell formation by 40-60 percent.*

When [layering products](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-layer-skincare-products), you always want to be sure that sunscreen is the last step in your skincare routine (if you wear makeup, it should be the final step before applying cosmetics). As such, your vitamin C serum should be applied *after* cleansing and toning but *before* sunscreen.

## **5. It Can Be Used Morning or Night**
Because vitamin C and sunscreen are a skincare dream team, you may want to consider applying the ingredient in the morning. With that said, it can be incorporated into your A.M. or P.M. regimen depending on your skin type and the other products you are using. “I use it during the day because of that extra pairing benefit with SPF… and I personally use [retinol](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare) and other ingredients at night,” Lin notes.

In the case of the Common Heir formula, the oil-soluble nature of THD ascorbate means that the formula is more emollient than you may have experienced with l-ascorbate acid-based products. Even so, it’s designed to be layered. “We wanted something that was silky smooth without any silicones,” Lin explains. “We wanted to make sure we created something that wasn’t going to pill or not play well with the other skincare steps.”

At the end of the day, the benefits of vitamin C are cumulative and require consistent use to maintain. Finding a product that you enjoy applying and that feels good on your skin is key to compliance, and it is also different for everyone. That’s why Lin says formulating with vitamin C is a lot like baking chocolate chip cookies (yes, really). “We wanted a silky smooth, chewy cookie with big chocolate chunks,” she says. “[Our goal was] to hit that ratio of chocolate to dough that I know we all have our own preferences on.”

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Expert Opinion

The powerhouse antioxidant has a host of skin-boosting properties, but there is a lot of confusion about how to reap the benefits. Here’s what you need to know.

What To Know About Vitamin C In Skincare

5 Things You Didn't Know About Vitamin C In Skincare

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*Feel like you need a dictionary every time you look at the ingredient list of a beauty product? Still unsure of the difference between retinol and retinoids? What about the unique benefits of vitamins B, C, and E? Are alpha and beta hydroxy acids the same thing? The skincare aisle can be overwhelming, but you don’t need a PhD in cosmetic chemistry to navigate it. With expert help, The AEDITION is demystifying and simplifying the beauty industry — [one label at a time](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/read-the-label).*

Stop us if you’ve heard this before: This ingredient is gentle yet can show results in two short weeks! The claim would be a pipedream for most skincare ingredients, but, when it comes to kojic acid, it might be time to believe the hype. Derived from fungi but also a byproduct of select fermented products, kojic acid helps treat [hyperpigmentation](https://aedit.com/aedition/hyperpigmentation-treatments-for-men), melasma, and dark spots and minimizes the appearance of [sun damage](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-treatments-to-correct-sun-damage). While most brightening ingredients come in exfoliant form, kojic acid plays by different rules. Intrigued? Here’s what the experts have to say.  

## **What Is Kojic Acid?**
Kojic acid “is naturally found in a variety of fungi as well as through the fermentation of soy and rice,” explains Alison Adams-Woodford, a licensed aesthetician and senior manager of research and development at [PCA Skin](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcaskin.com%2F). Before you get spooked by the prospect of putting fungus on your face, Adams-Woodford notes exactly how it benefits the skin. “It is used in cosmetics primarily due to its ability to inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme critical to the formation of hyperpigmentation that causes skin discoloration,” she shares. 

Thanks to its ability to act on processes that lead to unwanted pigmentation, kojic acid has come to be seen by many as a less controversial alternative to [hydroquinone](https://aedit.com/procedure/hydroquinone), which was [quietly banned](https://aedit.com/aedition/giude-to-hydroquinone) from use in skincare in late 2020 as part of the CARES Act.   

## **The Benefits of Kojic Acid in Skincare** 
We’ve already touched on a few of the benefits of kojic acid – brightening, treating hyperpigmentation – but that’s just the beginning. Allow us to break it down. Apart from mitigating the discoloring effects of [melasma](https://aedit.com/concern/melasma), light damage (ultraviolet and visible), and inflammation, kojic acid also has antimicrobial properties, says Janna Ronnert, aesthetician and founder of [IMAGE Skincare](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fimageskincare.com%2F). This makes it beneficial for those experiencing active acne breakouts *and* those looking to minimize the appearance of [post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-acne-induced-post-inflammatory-hyperpigmentation) (PIH) caused by pimples and lingering [acne scars](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-acne-scars). 

![Kojic Acid Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/2rsvVtzwThreq4QLJ4LETd/9d422a9f90041f02c691300cf0276c06/Kojic-Acid-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)

For those curious about its lightening properties, the ingredient is not a bleaching agent. “By blocking tyrosine from forming, it then prevents melanin production,” explains [Amy Spizuoco, DO](https://aedit.com/provider/amy-spizuoco-19341), a board certified dermatologist and founder of True Dermatology in New York City. “Decreased melanin production may have a lightening effect on the skin.” So, if you have spot-specific concerns or are looking to correct specific areas of hyperpigmentation, keep reading. 

## **The Best Candidates for Kojic Acid** 
Those looking for a more even complexion need not worry, this ingredient is safe for all skin tones and skin types given its slow and steady approach. As Ronnert explains, it “is especially well-suited for those who suffer from pigmentation concerns like sun damage or age spots.” Since hyperpigmentation does not live only on the face, kojic acid may also be worth incorporating into your [body care](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-body-creams-lotions-balms-for-every-skin-concern) routine.  

Since [uneven skin tone](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone) is one of the most common (and lamented) visible signs of aging, the evening properties of kojic acid make it a youth-preserving favorite. “It has been said that pigmentation is the new wrinkle, so providing lightening and brightening benefits to the skin will lead to age-later results,” Ronnert adds.  

## **How to Find the Right Kojic Acid Product** 
Due to its gentleness and multitude of benefits, kojic acid is a favorite of product formulators. It can be found in everything from at-home skincare and professional [chemical peels](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-superficial-medium-deep-chemical-peels) to prescribed medications, soaps, and powders. If you are looking to treat cases of sun spots or hyperpigmentation, consult with a professional first to discuss what format makes the most sense for your concern. “Skin discoloration can occur on larger areas of the body like arms and legs and those areas are more easily treated with a bar than a serum,” Adams-Woodford notes. 

As with any formulation, the ingredients kojic acid is [paired with](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-ingredient-pairings) matter. “[They] need to be stable at a similar pH,” Adams-Woodford cautions. “It is also good to pair kojic acid with other ingredients that address skin discoloration through different mechanisms to disrupt the biological pathway of melanin production from multiple angles.” Her picks? [Azelaic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-azelaic-acid-in-skincare), licorice, [retinoids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare), arbutin, and [lactic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare) (to name a few). “Additionally, calming ingredients are a good addition to kojic acid-containing products as inflammation can worsen skin discoloration,” she notes.

Those looking to treat specific spots can find solace in the [PCA Skin Pigment Gel HQ Free](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcaskin.com%2Fpigment-gelr-hq-free.html). Use it after cleansing but before sunscreen in the morning or as a moisturizer in the evening. Also on the serum front, the [SkinCeuticals Discoloration Defense](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skinceuticals.com%2Fdiscoloration-defense-3606000481244.html) pairs kojic acid with [tranexamic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-oral-tranexamic-acid-in-skincare) and [niacinamide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-niacinamide-vitamin-b3-in-skincare) to reduce stubborn pigment, while the [Neutrogena Rapid Tone Repair Dark Spot Corrector](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulta.com%2Fp%2Frapid-tone-repair-dark-spot-corrector-xlsImpprod6430305) features a powerhouse trio of kojic acid, retinol, and vitamin C.

If you prefer a treatment step, the [Tracie Martyn Enzyme Exfoliant](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Ftracie-martyn-enzyme-exfoliant%2F11332010.html) uses natural exfoliators (like pineapple enzymes and fruit acids) to refine skin texture and kojic acid and volcanic minerals to even skin tone and remove impurities. When it comes to cleansing and toning, look no further than the [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare) and kojic acid-infused [HoliFrog Sunapee Sacred-C Powder Wash](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fholifrog-sunapee-sacred-c-powder-wash-2.5-fl.-oz%2F12870489.html) and the [Versed Weekend Glow Daily Brightening Solution](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fversed-weekend-glow-daily-brightening-solution-4-fl.-oz.%2F12902699.html), which pairs alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) with kojic and azelaic acids to lift dead skin cells, clear pores, and brighten dark spots.

## **How to Add Kojic Acid to Your Skincare Routine** 
The beauty of kojic acid is its versatility, so finding a place for it in your routine doesn’t have to be a chore. The best practice when [introducing any new skincare product or ingredient](https://aedit.com/aedition/safely-trying-new-skincare-products-ingredients) is to avoid the urge to rush into it. “It can be used daily and, like any lightening agent, it is best to use at bedtime,” Dr. Spizuoco shares. “If you have sensitive skin, try starting slow, using it two to three times a week for a month and then nightly.”

Kojic acid can cause contact dermatitis, leading to itchiness, redness, and irritation, especially for those who are on the more [sensitive side](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin). To avoid this, check that the ingredient is formulated at less than one percent and slowly build up tolerance as Dr. Spizuoco suggests.

As is the case with all (read: no exceptions) ingredients, kojic acid must be used within a routine that includes [sunscreen](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-lightweight-non-greasy-sunscreens-to-wear-indoors) in the morning. “The best way to avoid developing further pigmentation concerns is to be proactive, so I always recommend using a daily moisturizer with sunscreen built-in,” Ronnert shares. We’re fans of the [IMAGE Skincare Prevention+ Daily Hydrating Moisturizer SPF 30+](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fimageskincare.com%2Fcollections%2Fprevention%2Fproducts%2Fdaily-hydrating-moisturizer-spf-30).

## **The Takeaway** 
Kojic acid is a great skincare addition for those experiencing unwanted pigmentation and dullness. As though that wasn’t enough, it also offers antimicrobial benefits that may be beneficial for those prone to acne while brightening the complexion. Safe for most all skin types, a good SPF will help to prevent future damage while kojic acid treats existing issues. 

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

This gentle skin tone perfector can show results in two short weeks. Here’s what you need to know about this brightening beauty.

Guide To Kojic Acid In Skincare For Dark Spots, Melasma, Hyperpigmentation

Read the Label: All Of Your Kojic Acid Questions Answered

noah-buscher-eCJiD00AJqs-unsplash

Your daily routine is chock full of all the ‘best’ ingredients skincare has to offer. Theoretically, that’s great. But how is your complexion tolerating all of those actives? For many, the answer is, well, not great. If you have [sensitive skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-anti-aging-skincare-ingredients-for-sensitive-skin) or the ingredients in your regimen are having a sensitizing effect that leads to prolonged redness, irritation, dryness, or even breakouts, it may be time to consider a different approach. 

Once upon a time, the only solution may have been to discontinue use of the irritant altogether, yet skin experts are increasingly preaching the virtues of an application technique that allows you to reap some of the benefits of potent products with less side effects. Enter short contact therapy — a method that [helps the skin slowly adjust](https://aedit.com/aedition/safely-trying-new-skincare-products-ingredients) to the products you're using. Below, two dermatologists break down everything you need to know about the pros and cons of short contact therapy. 

## **What Is Short Contact Therapy?**
As its name suggests, short contact therapy involves shortening up the amount of time potent products and ingredients stay on the skin. It refers to “the topical application technique for potentially irritating products that helps improve the local tolerability of a product,” says [Tiffany Libby, MD](https://www.instagram.com/dermdoclibby/?hl=en), a Rhode Island-based board certified dermatologist and Mohs surgeon. As she explains, the idea is to apply the product for a short period of time — anywhere from 30 seconds to five minutes (depending on the person) — and then rinse it off. 

By limiting the contact with the skin, short contact therapy reduces the potential “for irritant contact dermatitis that is commonly seen with certain ingredients,” says [Marisa Garshick, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/marisa-garshick-md-313), a board certified dermatologist and clinical assistant professor at Cornell. Some of the main culprits? [Retinoids](https://aedit.com/procedure/tretinoin) and [benzoyl peroxide](https://aedit.com/procedure/benzoyl-peroxide), she adds.

## **The Benefits of Short Contact Therapy**
If you’ve ever used a rinse-off face mask, [at-home chemical peel](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-at-home-chemical-peels-exfoliators), or even a cleanser, then you’ve practiced short contact therapy. These formulas are specifically designed to deliver active ingredients into the skin quickly (i.e. in whatever amount of time the directions call for) to leave the complexion brighter, tighter, and/or more hydrated. This is true regardless of your skin type.

But the same rationale can be applied to any potent product — particularly if you are [prone to sensitivity](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin). For those with sensitive skin, short contact therapy can be a gentle and effective way to introduce potential irritants to your skincare routine. Applying the products in short spurts helps increase the skin’s tolerance. Over time, many people are able to increase the frequency and length of application.

Not only does this technique minimize irritation, but it also maximizes results. When the skin is irritated or compromised, products and ingredients often cannot work as intended. Healthy skin, however, can soak in all the benefits and allow them penetrate deeper into the skin. And then there is the fact that the application technique takes some of the guesswork out of [product layering](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-layer-skincare-products). “Short contact therapy leaves less residue on the skin, which may be helpful for someone who finds it difficult to layer on products or cosmetics after certain active ingredients,” Dr. Garshick notes.

## **What Short Contact Therapy Treats**
“Technically, short contact can be used to treat any skincare concern that the specific product is trying to address,” Dr. Garshick says. As a result, you can try it with pretty much any formula or ingredient, but there are a few stronger actives that it makes a lot of sense for:

- Vitamin A derivatives (read: [retinol and retinoids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare))
- [Benzoyl Peroxide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-benzoyl-peroxide-in-skincare)
- [Vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare)
- Hydroxy Acids ([alpha](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare), [beta](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-beta-hydroxy-acids-salicylic-acid-in-skincare), [poly](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-polyhydroxy-acids-in-skincare))

Short contact therapy can be beneficial for all skin types, but Dr. Libby notes that those with mild to moderate [acne](https://aedit.com/concern/acne) benefit significantly from this method. [Breakout-busting topicals](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-ingredients-to-treat-acne-blackheads-whiteheads) are known to be drying and irritating, so those who are struggling to handle them or find it difficult to leave retinol on for a more extended period of time should give it a try, she adds.

As we mentioned earlier, most at-home peels and enzyme treatments practice short contact therapy, yet they still might be too aggressive for some. If that sounds like you, Dr. Libby suggests instead considering an active-packed cleanser that is designed to be used more frequently but for less time. “I often leave on the chemical exfoliating face wash on desired areas of treatment two to three times per week, rather than a stronger and potentially harsher peel once a week,” she shares. 

## **Drawbacks of Short Contact Therapy**
Even though short contact therapy reduces the chance of irritation, it’s not a get-out-of-jail-free card. If you’re still experiencing sensitivity, take it even slower. “You may want to start with a shorter duration — like 30 seconds contact then rinsing off — and a lower frequency,” Dr. Libby says. “For example, try one to two times per week and build up from there.”

Patience is key when introducing any skincare product, but that’s especially the case with short contact therapy. “Theoretically, the shorter the contact, the potential for less clinical result,” Dr. Garshick cautions. Even so, you will likely still see results, just over a longer period of time.

## **The Takeaway**
We may be conditioned to think a product is only working if it is stinging or causing irritation, but that is simply not the case. In fact, that mentality can do more harm than good. If you know you have sensitive skin or if you are experiencing sensitization as a result of your skincare routine, talk to your [board certified dermatologist](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-the-right-plastic-surgeon-dermatologist-or-cosmetic-dentist) to determine the root cause of the sensitivity and ask if short contact therapy may be right for you.

Could shortening up the amount of time your skincare is on your skin be the key to a healthier complexion?

The Benefits Of Short Contact Therapy In Skincare

Why You Need To Know About Short Contact Therapy

shutterstock 1297364824

*Feel like you need a dictionary every time you look at the ingredient list of a beauty product? Still unsure of the difference between retinol and retinoids? What about the unique benefits of vitamins B, C, and E? Are alpha and beta hydroxy acids the same thing? The skincare aisle can be overwhelming, but you don’t need a PhD in cosmetic chemistry to navigate it. With expert help, The AEDITION is demystifying and simplifying the beauty industry — [one label at a time](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/read-the-label).*

You probably grew up taking [multivitamins](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-dietary-supplements-can-benefit-the-skin) and maybe they’re still in your wellness routine today, but how familiar are you with the benefits many of those vitamins can have when applied topically on the skin? With new skincare products infiltrating the beauty space daily, finding ones that work best for your specific skin type and needs can be overwhelming. Yet understanding the ingredients that make up your favorite formulas can go a long way towards simplifying your shopping and improving your routine.

If you are a regular reader of The AEDITION, you know we deep dive into ingredients all the time. When it comes to one category of actives, we figured we’d consolidate everything you need to know into one place. To save you time (and confusion), we reached out to top dermatologists to curate a dictionary of the most popular topical vitamins found in skincare. Consider this your ultimate guide to the vitamins that deserve a spot in your regimen.

## **Vitamin A**
![Topical Vitamin A Retinol Retinoids Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/2MSSfnh4jGJ6ZSYg9RyKyz/e3ec91ea33249c2bb2ce533adf575a6a/Topical-Vitamin-A-Retinol-Retinoids-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)
Let’s start with vitamin A. Most commonly seen on ingredient labels as ‘retinoid’ and ‘retinol,’ vitamin A derivatives are one of skincare’s most popular active ingredients of any kind. And it’s no wonder when you consider the host of benefits it provides. “Vitamin A plays a significant role in the aging process, so, in its topical form, vitamin A is a superstar ingredient for anti-aging,” says [Dendy Engelman, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/dendy-engelman-md-312), a board certified dermatologist in New York City. “It essentially tells your cells to act younger and healthier.”

The beauty of retinol and retinoids is that they can be used to treat everything from [acne](https://aedit.com/concern/acne) to [wrinkles](https://aedit.com/concern/fine-lineswrinkles). As such, Dr. Engelman recommends patients “begin incorporating retinol into their skincare routines regularly starting in their [twenties](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-routine-products-ingredients-for-20s).” With consistent use, retinol helps thicken the skin, in addition to increasing cellular turnover, stimulating collagen production, boosting elasticity, and smoothing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Retinol is the form of vitamin A most commonly found in over-the-counter products (think: serums, creams, etc.), while retinoids are mostly found in [prescription topicals](https://aedit.com/procedure/tretinoin). Regardless of what you choose, both should only be used at night because they increase photosensitivity (read: be extra diligent with your [sun protection](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-sunscreen-for-face-body) when using). Another important note: It can take some time for the skin to acclimate to retinol and retinoids. The so-called ‘retinization’ process can mean several weeks of dryness and sensitivity, but there are plenty of ways to minimize the effects. Learn more in our [comprehensive guide to retinol and retinoids in skincare](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare).

### **Beta Carotene**
Retinol and retinoids may get the lion’s share of attention, but there is another member of the vitamin A family that should be on your radar. Beta carotene, the plant pigment that gives color to red, orange, and yellow vegetables, falls into the category of ‘provitamin A carotenoid’ — meaning that the body can convert it into vitamin A.

When applied topically, “it has antioxidant benefits for the skin, protecting against damage from free radicals that contribute to visible signs of aging and overall contributing to brighter skin,” Dr. Engelman shares. Unlike retinol and retinoids, beta carotene can be incorporated into your A.M. or P.M. routine, and she says it is often found in serums and creams.

## **Vitamin B3**
![Niacinamide Vitamin B3 Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/6BfT1tU8vfs1Xt4FA88B2s/14face1158f53ece9feb424580d94845/Niacinamide-Vitamin-B3-Skincare-Benefits-Infogrpahic.png)
Also known as niacinamide, vitamin B3 is a dynamo skincare ingredient for its ability to gently tackle an array of common skin concerns. “It can serve as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, reduce pigmentation, may help with sebum and acne control, and improve signs of wrinkles,” says [Jenny Liu, MD](https://www.instagram.com/derm.talk/?hl=en), board certified dermatologist in Minneapolis, MN. “[It] also increases [ceramide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-ceramides-in-skincare) production in the skin.”

One of the reasons for its versatility is that it “is involved in many metabolic processes in our body and skin,” Dr. Liu notes. Even so, the water-soluble vitamin is not naturally occurring in the body, so it must be consumed orally (via foods like fish, grains, avocado, mushrooms, and green peas) or applied topically (hi, skincare!).

Perhaps the best feature of niacinamide is that it pairs nicely with other ingredients in your morning or evening regimen. Because it plays wells with others, you’ll likely find niacinamide in multitasking serums, moisturizers, and at-home peels. In any of those cases, it can be used to soothe and reduce irritation. Learn more in our [comprehensive guide to niacinamide in skincare](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-niacinamide-vitamin-b3-in-skincare).

## **Vitamin B5**
Vitamin B5 (a.k.a. pantothenic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin that pulls double duty by acting as both a humectant that draws water into the skin and an emollient that locks it in. “As an emollient, it heals [dry, damaged skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-hand-creams-for-dry-skin),” Dr. Engelman explains. “As a humectant, it attracts and binds water to the skin to aid in moisture retention, giving skin a plump, hydrated appearance.”

But vitamin B5 is not a one-trick pony. In addition to moisturizing the skin, Dr. Engelman says that it also reduces acne blemishes (particularly when taken as a dietary supplement) and calms skin conditions like [rosacea](https://aedit.com/concern/rosacea) and [eczema](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-products-to-treat-eczema-flare-ups-in-the-winter). That soothing quality can be attributed to the fact that it has an anti-inflammatory effect that helps stimulate the body’s natural healing processes. It can be used to treat damage and trauma from [ultraviolet (UV) radiation](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-tips-for-soothing-sunburn) and is found in many after-sun treatments and [sunburn ointments](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-tips-for-soothing-sunburn). 

It should come as no surprise that vitamin B5 is found in an array of skincare formulas for both morning and evening. It plays well with other actives, but, for those looking for a serious hydration boost, consider pairing it with fellow humectants like [hyaluronic acid (HA)](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler) and [glycerin](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-glycerin-in-skincare). 

If you are curious about how panthenol fits into the vitamin B5 equation, it is a provitamin. Like beta carotene, it’s a substance the body converts into a specific vitamin — in this case, vitamin B5. Panthenol and pantothenic acid have the same biological activity, but panthenol is converted (via oxidation) to vitamin B5 in the skin. Thus, skincare products with either pantothenic acid and panthenol deliver similar benefits. 

## **Vitamin C**
![Vitamin C Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/5nmK8mlqQGp8VCnWih7tYG/00ef4e69c492ae52aa7daa8001733a83/Vitamin-C-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)
We have no doubt that you’ve heard of vitamin C before. It’s one of the undisputed stars of the topical vitamin set. The antioxidant is celebrated for its ability to “protect skin against oxidative damage from ultraviolet rays and pollution,” Dr. Liu says. It is also widely praised for brightening skin, [lightening pigmentation](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone), and promoting collagen production. That collagen boost leads to “thicker skin, diminished fine lines and wrinkles, and more youthful-looking skin,” Dr. Engelman adds.

While vitamin C has a host of benefits, it is a higher maintenance ingredient. The antioxidant is notoriously difficult to stabilize, which is why both the formulation and packaging of your vitamin C product matter. L-ascorbic acid is the most active and studied form of vitamin C, but it is tough to formulate it. A more stable alternative can be found in tetrahexyldecyl (THD) ascorbate, a chemically modified form of L-ascorbic acid that better penetrates the skin. Vitamin C serums tend to pack the most potent punch, but the active can be found in creams, masks, and peels, too. Depending on your skin type, vitamin C may be irritating. So, you may wish to [patch test](https://aedit.com/aedition/safely-trying-new-skincare-products-ingredients) the product on a small area of skin first.

Because vitamin C oxidizes on contact to the air and exposure to light can degrade its benefits, look for products that are in airtight, dark or opaque glass jars or vials. Additionally, store it in a cool, dry space (i.e. not your steamy bathroom medicine cabinet). 

Vitamin C can be used A.M. or P.M., but one of its most noteworthy traits is how it can improve your sun care. [Studies have shown](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-ingredient-pairings) that layering antioxidants, like vitamin C and vitamin E, with sunscreen provides four times (!) the protection of sunscreen alone. Learn more in our [comprehensive guide to vitamin C in skincare](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare).

## **Vitamin D**
![Vitamin D Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/6MfYIiOgnsPC9nsBDCU6yu/91c818199fff236fc033554d5df59e77/Vitamin-D-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)
As Dr. Engelman explains, this fat-soluble vitamin plays a significant role in rejuvenating skin cells and protecting the skin — and maintaining vitamin D levels isn’t just about bathing in the sunshine. While vitamin D is often considered to be sourced from the sun, it’s a vitamin that can also be found in food, [dietary supplements](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-dietary-supplements-can-benefit-the-skin), and topical products. 

When applied topically, vitamin D acts as an antioxidant that can fortify the [skin barrier](https://aedit.com/aedition/skin-microbiome-skincare-products-ingredients), decrease inflammation, and ward off environmental stressors. Since vitamin D gently boosts cell turnover and reduces inflammation, it especially helps patients with skin concerns such as acne, [psoriasis](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-live-with-and-treat-psoriasis), and eczema. “It is found in prescription treatments for inflammatory skin conditions, like psoriasis, and can also be purchased over-the-counter in serums and creams,” Dr. Engleman says.

When it comes to adding vitamin D into your skincare routine, be mindful of the other ingredients in your regimen. You can use it morning and night, but it is believed that alpha and beta hydroxy acids acidify and deactivate vitamin D. Learn more in our [comprehensive guide to vitamin D in skincare](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-d-in-skincare-wellness).

## **Vitamin E**
![Vitamin E Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/5dvU5MYiTlwdwliKkguYGW/eb3c382198effd98f6b9eded27cb795c/Vitamin-E-Skincare-Benefits-Infographic.png)
Vitamin E, or alpha-tocopherol, is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties. It is found naturally in many foods, including green, leafy vegetables, nuts, seeds, meats, eggs, and vegetable oils. But, like so many of the vitamins on this list, your skin will likely benefit from topical application. 

From fighting free radical damage to keeping wrinkles at bay, topical vitamin E is a skincare staple for a reason. As an antioxidant, it protects the skin from UV damage and lipid oxidation and, as Dr. Liu explains, “also helps to replenish other antioxidants, such as vitamin C.” In case you’re wondering, yes, that’s why vitamins C and E are commonly formulated together. 

One of the things that is special about vitamin E is its role in maintaining a healthy skin barrier. It acts like an emollient or glue, “holding together the building blocks of the epidermis — ceramides, cholesterol, and fats,” Dr. Engelman shares. Basically, the powerhouse neutralizes free radicals, improves skin tone and texture, and helps ensure optimal barrier function.

While vitamin E is much less finicky than vitamin C, it does keep best when it's in darker or opaque packaging and stored in a cool, dry place. Antioxidants like vitamin E offer protective power during the day, but they are also reparative at night. Learn more in our [comprehensive guide to vitamin E in skincare](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-e-in-skincare).
 
## **Vitamin K**
Vitamin K fat-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in many bodily functions, including blood clotting, blood calcium regulation, and bone health. While its topical benefits are not as well-researched as its systemic ones, Dr. Engelman says “vitamin K is best known in skincare for its skin-brightening properties.”

As both an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, it is used to promote wound healing, lighten under-eye circles, fade hyperpigmentation, and minimize the appearance of stretch marks. While the jury is still out on just how useful it is, vitamin K is very low risk. When applied topically, it is non-irritating and considered safe for all skin types (including sensitive). Thanks to its brightening properties, you’re most likely to find it in [eye creams](https://aedit.com/aedition/eye-creams-serums-to-treat-crows-feet-dark-circles-puffiness).

## **The Takeaway**
The topical application of vitamins can go a long way towards correcting and preventing a number of skin concerns. While it is important to safely and mindfully [add new ingredients](https://aedit.com/aedition/safely-trying-new-skincare-products-ingredients) into your routine, one of the benefits of these actives is that they tend to work well together. “Most of these vitamins can be used together and actually work synergistically to improve skin,” Dr. Engelman explains, noting that vitamins C, E, and K are common pairings. 

Generally speaking, both of our experts caution against using vitamin A derivatives with other active ingredients since it can cause irritation and damage to the skin, but “any of the vitamins discussed above should pair well with vitamin A,” Dr. Engelman notes. Consult with a [board certified dermatologist](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-the-right-plastic-surgeon-dermatologist-or-cosmetic-dentist) or [skincare professional](https://aedit.com/aedition/aestheticians-in-aesthetic-medicine) to determine the best vitamin pairings for your skin type and concerns.

Here’s everything you need to know about some of the most highly regarded ingredients in your skincare routine.

The Benefits Of Topical Vitamins In Skincare

The Ultimate Guide To Topical Vitamins In Skincare

cdc-IFpQtennlj8-unsplash

If the ‘[clean](https://aedit.com/aedition/clean-injectable-filler-neurotoxin-trend)’ beauty revolution of the last few years has taught us anything, it’s that consumer demand goes a long way towards inspiring change. As people demanded more insight into the products they were using on their skin, beauty brands responded with greater transparency. Perhaps this was no more evident than in the skincare space where efficacious, science-backed ingredients have become the standard.

In an effort to create even better products, cosmetic chemists have gotten creative with the way they are thinking about sourcing ingredients. In the past, the use of natural ingredients in skincare products tended to require (unsurprisingly) farming and harvesting, but there’s a new type of ingredient development cutting-edge skincare brands are adopting that bridges the gap between cosmetics, bioscience, and [sustainability](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-sustainability-and-recycling-beauty-products). 

Biotechnology is allowing scientists to grow ingredients for your favorite skincare right in the laboratory (and, long term, the methods can extend far beyond the beauty aisle). It’s mind-blowing stuff, but there is a lot to unpack. Below, a primer on the ins and out of creating skincare with lab-grown ingredients with commentary from some of the leading thinkers in the space. 

## **What Is a Lab-Grown Ingredient?**
There is no one, industry-wide definition of ‘[clean beauty](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-clean-green-natural-mean-for-beauty-makeup-skincare-products)’ — but the term tends to encompass everything from toxicity to environmentalism. As consumers sought more transparency and accountability, the concept of ‘clean’ migrated from a smaller, niche market to an industry-wide trend. In the process, product formulations stopped including certain ingredients and reassed how it sourced others. 

This increased awareness, coupled with a rapid progress in biochemistry and biotech, has created the perfect storm for new green technologies to make their way into our skincare cabinet. Lab-grown ingredients come in several forms. Among the brands we’re speaking to, they run the gamut from cloned orchid stem cells to molecular technology that targets [inflammaging](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-inflammaging) (a.k.a. the relationship between how chronic low-grade inflammation accelerates the aging process).

These human-made ingredients are usually derived from natural products at the outset. Still, because they can be reproduced artificially, they don’t require the same quantity of natural resources as traditional ingredients. This means formulators aren’t beholden to how changes in climate or environment impact the quality of ingredients, manufacturers don’t have to burden natural resources, and brands are able to develop more sustainable products in the long term.

## **How Is Science Moving From Labs to Skincare?**
While the environmental component of biotechnology and biochemistry has the potential to be, for lack of a better term, earth shattering in and of itself, the efficacy angle is similarly compelling. So, how did this lab-based research make it into the world of beauty and skincare?

Take the story of skincare brand [Heraux](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fherauxskin.com%2F). “While I was at UCLA, I got interested in the question of how stem cells regulate their age,” recalls co-founder Ben Van Handel, PhD. “How do they know when it’s time for us to be young, vibrant, happy and then, as we age, things start to slow down?” These questions helped Dr. Van Handel and his colleague, Amir Nobakht, MD, discover HX-1 — the lab-grown molecule that has the starring role in the [Heraux Molecular Anti-Inflammaging Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fherauxskin.com%2Fproducts%2Fheraux-serum). 

Initially, HX-1 was not intended for skincare. “At UCLA, we had weekly scientific meetings and someone from the building would get up on the whiteboard, start talking about their science, and other scientists would generally criticize their science, politely or perhaps not so politely,” Dr. Van Handel shares. After presenting data around the molecule, a researcher approached him and suggested he explore topical uses because, as he explains, “the skin is in this unfortunate position of being exposed to pro-inflammaging factors, like [sun exposure](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-treatments-to-correct-sun-damage), wind, and air pollution, but also factors from the inside, like [what we eat](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-diet-for-healthy-beautiful-skin), what we drink, and [psychological stress](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-stress-on-skin-acne-wrinkles-dryness).” 

Needless to say, he took the advice. “We eventually ran a clinical study,” he says. “Then, when we got positive results, we thought, ‘right, it’s time to put a brand together, put a product together, and get going.’”

## **Are Lab-Grown Ingredients More Sustainable?**
While some lab-grown ingredients offer groundbreaking benefits, others provide necessary alternatives to naturally derived actives.“Biotechnology is a beautiful intertwine of nature and science — taking the best of nature and advancing it using science to create superior ingredients that not only transform your skin but also give back to nature,” explains Sheila Chaiban, CEO of [One Ocean Beauty](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Foneoceanbeauty.com%2F).

While the conversations around [ecofriendliness](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-blue-beauty) usually revolve around excess packaging and single-use plastics, the topic goes much deeper than that. “[L.E.N.I.](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.makebeauty.com%2Fpages%2Fl-e-n-i) — or lab engineered natural ingredients — is our approach to being a more sustainable brand,” says Carrie Barber, founder of [MAKE](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.makebeauty.com%2F). “We leaned into biotech because we felt we could go one step further beyond packaging and focus on sustainability in ingredients and raw materials.”

The reality is that a single sample of an ingredient can be enough to make high-quality product for a long time. “Growing and harvesting natural ingredients is very taxing on the earth, takes a lot of energy, and also disrupts the biodiversity of our soil,” Barber explains. “By Utilizing L.E.N.I, we can harvest less natural material and use methods such as upcycling and cold-pressing.” Consider, for example, the botanicals needed to create one of MAKE’s skincare products. “Rather than harvesting an entire field of orchids, we take the stem cells from one stem and clone them in the lab, ultimately preserving more of our natural resources,” she shares.

## **Can Lab-Grown Formulas Be More Efficacious?**
It’s not hard to see that lab-grown ingredients tend to be gentler on the environment and also allow brands to harness the power of elements that would otherwise be difficult to include in product formulations. “It is not just a better choice from a sustainability perspective, but it enables us to produce ingredients with better performance, better quality control, at higher reliability,” Chaiban says. “The process demands more rigorous testing, making these ingredients more effective and controlled than ever.”

Quality control is essential to the manufacturing process. “Subtle changes in growing conditions in harvested ingredients can cause issues since we only take one sample,” Chaiban notes. “We can produce a consistent product year after year with much less opportunity for variation and more consistent levels of active material.” As she sees it, biosynthetic ingredients allow for “the safest, most controlled supply chain” because “quality is guaranteed when ingredients are grown in a controlled environment.”

Take, for instance, one of the star marine ingredients in the [One Ocean Beauty line](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Foneoceanbeauty.com%2F). “It is sourced from a radiation-resistant microorganism discovered in a waterfall in the Pyrenees Mountains in Northern Spain,” she shares. “This organism has adapted to protect itself from extreme radiation.” When applied topically, it “actively stimulates the skin’s natural photosensors to prepare it for light exposure,” Chaiban says. Through bio-fermentation, the brand is able to reproduce these natural molecules in a lab setting.

## **The Takeaway**
Lab-grown ingredients might sound kind of like they’ve come straight from a sci-fi script, but consumers are curious. “I have found through my conversations with editors or with customers that it still requires some education,” Barber says. The question she gets most often: Is a lab-engineered ingredient natural? “The answer to that is yes, the ingredients are biologically identical when made in a lab,” she says. But there is an important distinction. “You can make what you need, and the material stays consistent from batch to batch,” she adds. Long term, it’s not hard to imagine that this technology can not only revolutionize [sustainability](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-make-your-beauty-routine-more-sustainable) in the beauty industry but also overhaul the future of farming.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

It may sound like some kind of sci-fi script, but lab-grown ingredients have the potential to revolutionize product formulation as we know it.

Biotech Beauty Trend: The Benefits Of Lab-Grown Skincare Ingredients

Biotech Beauty: Everything You Need To Know About Lab-Grown Skincare

kalos-skincare-jQo ibIdB10-unsplash

It seems like every other week we see a skincare product get its time in the social media spotlight. Whether it's [Dr. Jart’s rubber masks](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fdr-jart-cryo-rubber-masks-P457008%3FskuId%3D2344513), [gold-infused formulas](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-gold-in-skincare), or [mini skincare fridges](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-skincare-fridges), Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube have a way of making must-haves. What often remains unclear, however, is if these products are actually as beneficial as they appear to be online. 

As you may recall, face mists had their moment a few years ago. During that time, it seemed like you couldn’t scroll through your social media feed without seeing someone dousing their skin in [Mario Badescu’s rosewater spray](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fmario-badescu-facial-spray-with-aloe-herbs-rosewater-P440482). While peak face mist fervor has calmed down, the market is still ripe with options and you may still be wondering just how they work on the skin. Do face mists deserve a spot in your skincare regimen? To find out, we talked to two skincare experts for the inside scoop.

## **Face Mists 101**
The first thing you need to know? Face mists are actually a pretty important part of skincare. While they’re not totally necessary, the benefits are plenty. “They are a great idea to include,” says [Cassandra Bankson](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHj2_6e0Y2YdzHZDkkLa53Q), a medical aesthetician and skincare expert. “They are very relaxing, they can help other products penetrate better, and some companies claim that micronizing skincare into mists with ultrasonic technology allows products to be more effective.”

Face mists can help with the condition of your skin, says Jessica Houston, lead aesthetician and vice president of operations at [BeautyBeez](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbeautybeez.com%2F). “They’re an added element of hydration, if you tend to be on the [drier](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-dry-skin-face-body-hands) side,” she shares. “If your skin is [oily](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-oily-and-acne-prone-skin), facial mists can be used to balance the oil production while also helping with hydration.” 

You can use face mists a few different ways. As part of your A.M. or P.M. routine, they can be spritzed after cleansing but before serums and moisturizers. Basically, they can be used in place of a [toner or essence](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-toner-in-skincare). But the beauty of mists is that they are so easy (and hands-free) to apply. Most mists can be sprayed throughout the day as a complexion pick-me-up or to refresh your makeup.

## **How to Add Face Mists to Your Skincare Routine**
Your skin type is one of the main things that you should consider when shopping for a face mist, as different mists will address different skincare concerns (our recommendations are below!). Bankson notes that “anyone who has sensitivities or medical conditions such as [eczema](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-skincare-products-to-treat-eczema-flare-ups-in-the-winter) or [psoriasis](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-live-with-and-treat-psoriasis) should consult with a dermatologist or doctor first.” As she explains, it’s especially important to make sure the ingredients are compatible with your skin.

Speaking of ingredients, you’ll want to make sure that the mist doesn’t include ones that could be irritating, particularly if your skin tends to be sensitive. “Ingredients should be the first element to consider when purchasing a facial mist,” Houston says. “You want to stay away from mists that are [too fragrant](https://aedit.com/aedition/fragrance-free-beauty-skincare-for-sensitive-skin) or contain ingredients that could potentially sensitize the skin, such as rosemary or lemongrass.”

And as for that myth about spritzing your face before flying, both Bankson and Houston have personal experience with the arid and sometimes uncomfortable moisture levels on [airplanes](https://aedit.com/aedition/airplane-skincare-tips). “I’ve personally taken a barometer on a plane to measure humidity levels and, by the time the meter hit 10 percent, it completely bottomed out and said that the humidity was unreadable,” Bankson reveals. “This is why facial mists, hydrators, and moisturizers are essential for long flights.” Her advice? “Use a good skincare mist and even a [thick moisturizer](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-nighttime-moisturizers) to back it up!” 

In the absence of ‘fresh’ air, Houston says face mists can be the next best thing. “As someone who uses a facial mist when I fly, my skin does appear more hydrated once I arrive at my destination,” she notes. “Because our skin is not able to get those fresh nutrients from ‘fresh’ air, using a facial mist will help to supplement those nutrients.” 

## **Expert-Approved Face Mists**
Now that you know the benefits of a face mist, it’s time to add a new one to your arsenal. Below are the best formulas for every skin type.

### **For All Skin Types**: Repechage Algo Mist Hydrating Seaweed Facial Spray
![AEDIT-Repechage](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/lrg4n0T2RS8bTD6lBmuNY/13249a72a8cdb05366f4d5f66b08c846/AEDIT-Repechage.jpg)
Suitable for pretty much all skin types — including sensitive, dry, and combination — this mist contains a blend of [seaweed extract](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-seaweed-for-skin-hair), vitamin C, ginkgo biloba, and aloe to keep skin smooth and soft. $37, [repechage.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.repechage.com%2Fproducts%2Falgo-mist-hydrating-seaweed-facial-spray-2%3F_pos%3D1%26_sid%3D273b58196%26_ss%3Dr) 

### **For Dull Skin**: Peach & Lily Glass Skin Veil Mist
![AEDIT-PeachLily](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/TA72pFJH2jqYJugdN24n5/ad635eca8164d59155e29fb8bc2bb7a1/AEDIT-PeachLily.jpg)
This spritz combines cucumber water, lotus and peach extract, and [reishi mushroom](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-adaptogens-in-skincare) to keep the complexion radiant and plump. Formulated at a 5.8 pH to support the skin barrier, it can be used both under and over makeup for a luminous finish. $29, [ulta.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulta.com%2Fp%2Fglass-skin-veil-mist-pimprod2018593) 

### **For Mature Skin**: Réduit One Treatment Device & Skinpods
![AEDIT-Reduit](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/7MnvPnYIMaXvnRdWrj40z9/2e46b4898068da4b1d68f4dfc7fcc2aa/AEDIT-Reduit.jpg)
A high-tech take on the face mist trend, Réduit’s sustainable skincare system features a [misting device](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Freduit.com%2Fproduct%2Freduit-one%2F) that helps the brand's specially formulated skincare pods better penetrate the skin. With formulas that focus on everything from moisture and aging (hi, Hydro Boost and Ageless Mist) to brightening and protecting (here's look at you, Pearl Diffusion and Precision Shield), there is a 'skinpod' for every concern.  from $30, [reduit.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Freduit.com%2Fproduct-category%2Fskincare%2Fpods-skincare%2Fskinpods%2F)  

### **For Acne-Prone Skin**: Uma Deeply Clarifying Aloe Alum Toner
![AEDIT-UMA](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/2N6o2lrxL4TAfcalHhtHpD/66a5d265fbda3ea153f5a07cae5824dc/AEDIT-UMA.jpg)
Formulated with Ayurvedic principles in mind, this skin-clearing fluid features aloe, [tea tree](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-tea-tree-oil-in-skincare), and rose water to both expel bacteria and combat blemishes in one simple step. The best part? It nouishes the complexion instead of drying it out. $60, [umaoils.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.umaoils.com%2Fcollections%2Fcleanser%2Fproducts%2Fdeeply-clarifying-aloe-alum-toner%3Fvariant%3D40198724812991) 

### **For Tired Skin**: Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Cucumber and Green Tea
![AEDIT-MarioBadescu](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/6fC8Qn9MafDYPcqxJF0pmg/af8ff2ba277f9eeb43228bf1c32bb005/AEDIT-MarioBadescu.jpg)
Since you’ve likely heard about the brand’s rosewater mist ad nauseam at this point, allow us to introduce you to its more under-the-radar cousin. Soothing [aloe](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-aloe-vera-in-skincare) and cucumber combine with antioxidant-rich green tea to instantly revive dull or tired-looking skin. $7, [sephora.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fmario-badescu-facial-spray-with-aloe-cucumber-green-tea-P440483%3FskuId%3D2185031) 

### **For Dry Skin**: Biossance Squalane & Hyaluronic Toning Mist
![AEDIT-Biossance](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/305ICmP0OQd7mKxqtwB3lC/f7fed8c1cc04987fede2750534173427/AEDIT-Biossance.jpg)
You would never guess such a lightweight mist could pack such a moisturizing punch, but this formula features two types of [hyaluronic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler), a humectant that draws water into the skin, *and* [squalane](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-squalane-for-skin-hair), an emollient that locks that water in. The result? Seriously hydrated skin and a minimizing of the appearance of fine lines. $32, [biossance.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbiossance.com%2Fproducts%2Fsqualane-hyaluronic-toning-mist%3Fvariant%3D29496907563077%26gclid%3DCj0KCQjwqp-LBhDQARIsAO0a6aLrluqoF7evGifqBDa2EtTLl43om7UtatfaA_j11XLNcObscqDs05gaAupwEALw_wcB%26gclsrc%3Daw.ds)

### **For Flying**: Evian Moisturizing Facial Spray
![AEDIT-Evian](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/2ksDA1uLJo9iXgUU8iAy1t/3adb112678aead9586409c46d79de1a7/AEDIT-Evian.jpg)
This cult-favorite is beloved by skincare professionals, and it’s best known for its moisturizing power when traveling. Like Evian bottled water, this mister is packed with skin-soothing minerals that calm irritated skin and help heal a damaged skin barrier. $13.50, [sephora.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.target.com%2Fp%2Fevian-moisturizing-facial-spray-1-7-fl-oz%2F-%2FA-80184031%3F)

### **For Sensitive Skin**: Lumion Miracle Mist
![AEDIT-Lumion](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/5JxxBu0rcGTqazbmscFSwH/bb7dd4e3ed414aeb229703e2d3548307/AEDIT-Lumion.jpg)
It's a big claim, but this mist is nothing short of a miracle if you are dealing with any skin sensitivities. The star ingredient is hypochlorous acid (HOCL), which is naturally produced by white blood cells to fend off harmful bacteria. When applied topically, it helps keep the complexion clear and calm. This mist pairs HOCL with oxygen to further stimulate the body's natural healing function. $28, [lumionlife.com](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lumionlife.com%2Fproducts%2Flumion-skin-mist) 

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Are the social media sensations a useful product or just another skincare myth?

The Best Face Mists For Every Skin Type

The Truth About Face Mists

jeffery-erhunse-BQMZ5ligqps-unsplash

*Feel like you need a dictionary every time you look at the ingredient list of a beauty product? Still unsure of the difference between retinol and retinoids? What about the unique benefits of vitamins B, C, and E? Are alpha and beta hydroxy acids the same thing? The skincare aisle can be overwhelming, but you don’t need a PhD in cosmetic chemistry to navigate it. With expert help, The AEDITION is demystifying and simplifying the beauty industry — [one label at a time](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/read-the-label).*

While fan-favorite acids like [salicylic](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-beta-hydroxy-acids-salicylic-acid-in-skincare) and [hyaluronic](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler) are well known for their acne-busting and hydrating powers, respectively, tranexamic acid is still more of an unknown in the skincare space. It’s under-the-radar status is not all that surprising when you consider the fact that, until fairly recently, it’s most popular use was as a clotting medication for women with heavy menstrual bleeding. So, how did tranexamic acid become a dermatologist darling for treating stubborn pigmentation? The AEDITION asked the experts.

## **What Is Tranexamic Acid?**
Tranexamic acid (also referred to as TXA) is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid, lysine, and it was [first synthesized](https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-67361630697-3/fulltext) in 1962 by Japanese researchers and husband and wife team Shosuke and Utako Okamoto. At the time (and to this day), TXA can be used as an oral medication used to treat excessive blood loss from trauma, surgery, postpartum bleeding, and heavy menstruation. Belonging to a class of drugs known as antifibrinolytics, tranexamic acid works by slowing down the breakdown of blood clots, which, in turn, helps prevent prolonged bleeding. 

When applied topically to the skin, tranexamic acid has a very different effect. It “can inhibit UV-induced melanin synthesis, which will block the interaction of keratinocytes and melanocytes — the cells that produce melanin in the skin,” explains Shuting Hu, PhD, a cosmetic chemist and co-founder of [Acaderma](https://acaderma.com/).

## **The Benefits of Tranexamic Acid in Skincare**
Given its ability to interrupt the chemical pathways that cause pigmentation in the skin, tranexamic acid is most frequently used to [treat discoloration](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4235096/), including [dark spots](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-tone), [melasma](https://aedit.com/concern/melasma), and [uneven skin texture](https://aedit.com/concern/uneven-skin-texture). “Hyperpigmentation is caused by the excess production of melanin in the skin and can be triggered by UV exposure, acne, hormonal changes, or prescription drugs,” Dr. Hu shares. 

![Tranexamic Acid Skincare Benefits Infographic](//images.ctfassets.net/zw35sfestf1t/42qgsz4kMjpWDWKWQ8BrFF/78fdac6a2d2dfa3f5b08a95b552bf8c9/Tranexamic-Acid-Skincare_Benefits-Infographic.png)

In the case of melasma, which is a notoriously tricky condition to treat, exactly how TXA works is still somewhat of a mystery. “While the mechanism is not completely clear, oral tranexamic acid has been shown to be an effective treatment for people who suffer from melasma, a condition where the body makes extra pigment,” explains [Joshua Zeichner, MD](http://www.zeichnerdermatology.com/), a board certified dermatologist and director of cosmetic and clinical research at the Mount Sinai Department of Dermatology. “It is thought that tranexamic acid may provide antioxidant benefits or perhaps may lower delivery of heat to the skin by decreasing blood flow.”

And then there are the topical use cases. While tranexamic acid is certainly not the first skincare ingredient that promises to lighten pigmentation, it is one of the most inclusive. “[It] helps decrease the production of melanin in the skin in a much more gentle and effective manner than some other treatments available on the market,” Dr. Hu notes.

## **The Best Candidates for Tranexamic Acid**
It should come as no surprise that tranexamic acid is most useful for those dealing with unwanted [pigmentation](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-treat-hyperpigmentation-with-skincare-cosmetic-treatments) — though Dr. Zeichner notes that people taking hormonal birth control should not use the oral version. “Because it poses a potential clotting risk, anyone with clotting disorders or who is on an oral contraceptive pill should not take the medicine,” he cautions. “Estrogen-containing oral contraceptive pills may increase the risk of a blood clot.” 

The topical version of tranexamic acid, however, is likely still fair game. Tranexamic acid is generally considered safe and effective for most skin types, but those with very [sensitive skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin) should be mindful. Some users [report](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4235096/) irritation, dryness, and flaky skin as the side effects of using a product with tranexamic acid.

## **How to Find the Right Tranexamic Acid Product**
The most important aspect of picking the right tranexamic acid is checking the ingredient list and formulation. “When shopping for products that include tranexamic acid, look for a concentration of around 0.5 to 2.5 percent,” Dr. Hu says. “This potency range will be effective and still gentle on the skin.” 

Another thing to keep in mind? Tranexamic acid works well with many other active ingredients. “Serums that combine tranexamic acid with other brightening ingredients such as vitamin C, kojic acid, or niacinamide will target discoloration, even out the skin tone, and reduce inflammation,” she adds. Depending on your skin type, combining tranexamic acid with other acids may be irritating, so consider incorporating one at a time to start. Learn more in our [guide to safely adding skincare ingredients into your routine](https://aedit.com/aedition/safely-trying-new-skincare-products-ingredients).

## **How to Add Tranexamic Acid to Your Skincare Routine**
Tranexamic acid is versatile, but it’s important to make sure it fits in well with the rest of your routine. “I recommend using tranexamic acid one to two times per day,” Dr. Hu says. “It can be used either in the morning or at night, whatever best fits your routine.” More likely than not, you’ll find the ingredient in serums and targeted treatments. “I typically recommend using a tranexamic acid in serum, like [Acaderma’s Star Light Spot Corrector](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Facaderma.com%2Fproducts%2Fstar-light-spot-corrector), since it can be layered before your other products,” she shares. 

The way you apply tranexamic acid depends on the nature of your discoloration. “For people who have mottled hyperpigmentation, which are subtle dark spots throughout the entire
face, I recommend applying your brightening serum to the entire area,” Dr. Zeichner says. His pick? The  [La Roche-Posay Glycolic B5 Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.laroche-posay.us%2Fface-and-body-skin-care%2Fanti-aging-products%2Fanti-aging-serum%2Fglycolic-b5-10-pure-glycolic-acid-serum-3337872413162.html). “For someone who has an individual, well-defined patch, a spot treatment method can be used,” he adds.

Both experts agree that tranexamic acid tends to work best when paired with other brightening ingredients. “Especially when treating hyperpigmentation, a multi-prong approach is best,” Dr. Zeichner explains. He suggests using ingredients that “complement each other to reduce pigmentation production, enhance cell turnover, and calm Inflammation.” Some products that fit the bill:

- The [Good Molecules Discoloration Correcting Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.beautylish.com%2Fs%2Fgood-molecules-discoloration-correcting-serum) is a TikTok-favorite, and it combines a tranexamic acid complex with [niacinamide](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-niacinamide-vitamin-b3-in-skincare) to treat *and* prevent pigmentation. 
- [Peter Thomas Roth’s PRO Strength Niacinamide Discoloration Treatment](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sephora.com%2Fproduct%2Fpeter-thomas-roth-pro-strength-niacinamide-discoloration-treatment-P454102) blends the acid with niacinamide and kojic acid for a gentle but effective brightening effect. 
- Tranexamic acid is joined by [bakuchiol](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-bakuchiol-in-skincare), niacinamide, [vitamin E](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-e-in-skincare), and milk thistle to target brown and gray patches in [Paula's Choice Discoloration Repair Serum](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.paulaschoice.com%2Fclinical-discoloration-repair-serum%2F804-8040.html).

But you don’t always have to do everything in one step. “In addition to brightening serums, [sunscreen](https://aedit.com/aedition/dermatologist-approved-sunscreen-for-face-body) is also a must,” Dr. Zeichner adds. “And I usually recommend antioxidant serums that contain ingredients like [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare) in the morning.” Here at The AEDITION, we’re fans of the [Renée Rouleau Vitamin C & E Treatment](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reneerouleau.com%2Fproducts%2Fvitamin-c-e-treatment) and [BeautyStat Universal C Skin Refiner](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fbeautystat-universal-c-skin-refiner%2F12293290.html).

## **The Takeaway**
Tranexamic acid may have started as a medication to help stop heavy bleeding, but it can also be used in skincare to treat discoloration and dark spots. In topical form, it works best when paired with other brightening ingredients in a serum or spot treatment form. Be sure the formula contains an appropriate amount of the acid (at least 0.5 percent) in order to fully enjoy the skin tone evening benefits.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*


While vitamin C has long been seen as the first line of defense when it comes to treating pigmentation, this under-the-radar acid will likely become your new fave.