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What do the famous faces of Ariana Grande, Brad Pitt, Miranda Kerr, and Mario Lopez have in common? They all have dimples. Technically speaking, those small indentations in the cheeks that appear when some people smile are a genetic abnormality. Aesthetically speaking, many consider dimples to be an attractive facial feature. “Women and men are enticed by a dimple and wish to have one,” says [Douglas Monasebian, MD, DMD](https://aedit.com/provider/douglas-monasebian-md-200), a New York City-based board certified plastic and maxillofacial surgeon.  

For those who like the look of dimples but weren’t born with them, there is a cosmetic surgery called dimpleplasty that can create them in one or both cheeks. “I have performed this procedure on both sexes and on all ages,” Dr. Monasebian notes. So, what do you need to know about dimpleplasty? The experts break it all down.

## **What Are Cheek Dimples?**
Dimples are indentations in the skin that can be found on different parts of the body (think: cheeks, chin, buttocks). Today, we’re talking about the [cheeks](https://aedit.com/concern/cheek-volume). Fovea buccalis (a.k.a. cheek dimples) are the small depressions in the lower cheek that make their appearance when some people smile. “A dimple is simply an anatomic defect in the cheek of the face,” Dr. Monasebian shares. 

All you need to do is consider the faces of your friends and family to realize that not everyone is born with this facial trait. Dimples “can be hereditary or acquired and can change as we age,” says [David Shafer, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/david-shafer-md-153), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC. They can also occur on one or both sides of the face. “Depending on the anatomy, various shapes and locations of dimples can form,” he adds.

Cheek dimples are formed by differences in the muscles and skin of the face. “Dimples occur due to gaps between the muscles around the mouth,” Dr. Shafer says. They are most often caused by changes in the zygomaticus major, the muscle responsible for movement in the lower face. While the muscle typically runs from the [cheekbone](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-to-define-cheekbones) to the corner of the mouth, it can separate into two bundles. Both bundles are connected to the mouth, but one is also tethered to the skin above it – that’s what causes the dimple. It does not pose any functional or medical threat.

Just as no two faces are the same, no two dimples are the same. “There are different types of cheek temples that vary depending on the ethnicity and sex of the patient,” Dr. Monasebian explains. “Dimples can be of varying length, depths, and angles.” As such, the dimples created via dimpleplasty can be customized (more on that below).

## **What Is Dimpleplasty?**
In simplest terms, a [dimpleplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/dimpleplasty) is a cosmetic surgery with the goal of creating permanent dimples in the cheek. “Dimpleplasty is a surgical procedure to purposely form an adhesion between the overlying skin and the underlying muscle,” Dr. Shafer explains. It’s an outpatient procedure that typically takes under an hour to complete.

The procedure can be performed ‘[awake](https://aedit.com/aedition/awake-surgeries-without-general-anesthesia)’ with the patient numbed with a local anesthetic or under a mild sedation. “The incision is on the side of the mouth, so there are no visible incisions on the outside of the skin,” Dr. Shafer notes. Through the intraoral incision, the surgeon will remove any tissue (as needed) and place an absorbable suture at the site of the desired dimple. “The goal of dimpleplasty is to artificially cause internal adhesions, or scars, between the muscle and skin, so the tethered skin dimples as the muscle contracts,” he explains.

Depending on the aesthetic goals of the patient, dimpleplasty can be performed on either side or both sides of the face. 

### **Dimpleplasty Recovery & Results** 
The results of dimpleplasty are immediate and permanent, though they evolve during the healing process. “I do advise the patient that, during the first few weeks, the dimple will be present at both rest and during smiling and talking,” Dr. Monasebian explains. “With time, the resting dimple will fade and they will have the dimple more when they smile, which is how a natural dimple appears.” Dr. Shafer agrees. “The result may look more pronounced at first and can fade over time,” he says. “Everyone continues to age, as can areas of dimpling.” In most cases, “a dimpleplasty ages naturally with the patient,” he adds.

In terms of recovery, the most common effects are temporary [swelling](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-minimize-swelling-after-cosmetic-surgery) and bruising. Most patients can return to work or school within a few days. Because of the intraoral incision(s), you’ll need to stick to a liquid diet for the first five days after surgery. Normal eating, activity, and dental care can usually be resumed within the first one to two weeks.

It's important to remember that every surgery has risks. Dr. Shafer explains that longer-term [adverse effects](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-cosmetic-surgery-complications) include scarring (“how we make the incision is inside the mouth, so this is minimized,” he notes), hyperpigmented skin due to trauma, and infection. “As with any surgery, once there is an incision it can’t be removed,” he cautions. “If there is [scarring](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-every-type-of-scar), there are treatments that can help, such as laser and special injectables.”

## **Achieving a Lasting Result** 
Dimpleplasty truly is a personalizable procedure. “The cheek dimple can be customized with respect to its location, depth, and length,” Dr. Monasebian says. “In addition, I can create a dimple on both sides or just on one side or even match an existing dimple.” That’s right: If you were born with one dimple but would prefer symmetry, a plastic surgeon can add a dimple to match.

As with any cosmetic surgery, it’s imperative to find a [board certified plastic surgeon](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-the-right-plastic-surgeon-dermatologist-or-cosmetic-dentist) who specializes in the procedure you are interested in. In the case of dimpleplasty, it’s important they understand your anatomy and aesthetic goals, in addition to understanding and accounting for how the dimple will evolve. “I usually over-correct the formation of the dimple because it will fade initially,” Dr. Monasebian shares. “I have to rely on the body to heal the dimple adequately.” And then there is the role of Father Time. “The dimple will age as the skin ages,” he notes. “The procedure will not alter the skin, so the patient’s skin will normally age as they age.”

At the end of the day, it’s all about achieving a safe and optimal result. “Like most of the aesthetic procedures I perform, patients are looking to enhance themselves,” Dr. Monasebian explains. “I strive for natural-looking plastic surgery, and it is in this manner that I create dimples.” The net-net: “As with any elective surgery procedure, if there is no harm for the patient and the patient feels better by having the dimple, I discuss with them all the risks and benefits and proceed with the dimple creation,” he says.

Aesthetics

Plastic surgeons break down what to know about the cosmetic surgery that can create dimples in the cheeks.

The Benefits Of Dimpleplasty For Creating Cheek Dimples

Want Dimples? This Cosmetic Surgery Creates Them

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Much like 2020 before it, we don’t need to tell you that 2021 was a unique year. Even so, new data from the [American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS)](https://www.aafprs.org/) –  the world’s largest association of facial plastic surgeons – finds that lingering pandemic-related concerns couldn’t thwart the demand for aesthetic procedures. “After lockdowns ended and vaccinations rolled out, our patients who had been postponing reconstructive work, upkeep, maintenance, or surgery were eager to schedule treatments to help them feel refreshed, confident, and ready to take on work, events, playdates,” says [Corey S. Maas, MD](https://www.maasclinic.com/), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon and president of the AAFPRS. 

Based on reporting from some 2,200 AAFPRS members, the total number of facial plastic surgery treatments was up substantially, with an estimated 1.4 million [surgical](https://aedit.com/aedition/biggest-medical-aesthetics-trends-of-2022-for-face-body) and [non-surgical](https://aedit.com/aedition/biggest-non-surgical-aesthetics-trends-of-2022) procedures completed. On average, facial plastic surgeons performed about 600 more procedures in 2021 than they did in 2020. That amounts to a 40 percent increase. So, what did the uptick in bookings mean for treatment trends and patient motivations? Below are some of the key takeaways from the [2021 AAFPRS Annual Survey](https://www.aafprs.org/Media/Press_Releases/2021%20Survey%20Results.aspx). 

## **Surgery Reigns Supreme**
While there was a return to in-person gatherings at certain points of 2021, the hybrid nature of the year had patients opting for surgical intervention at a higher rate. Of those AAFPRS members who experienced an increase in appointments, 92 percent indicated it was because people had more time and flexibility to [recover](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-plastic-surgery-recovery-nurses-centers-products). “With more time still being spent at home, there was less concern about the recovery time for surgical treatments,” Dr. Maas notes. Similarly telling: 83 percent of AAFPRS members say 75 percent or more of their work is facial plastic surgery – up from 75 percent in 2020. 

But that doesn’t mean everyone was going under the knife. More patients than ever were interested in ‘tweakments.’ [Neurotoxins](https://aedit.com/aedition/where-to-use-botox-from-head-to-toe) (63 percent) and [fillers](https://aedit.com/aedition/hyaluronic-acid-filler-vs-biostimulatory-injectables) (57 percent) were among the top procedures performed most often on women in 2021. Rounding out the top three? [Rhinoplasty](https://aedit.com/aedition/reinventing-rhinoplasty-whats-different-about-modern-nose-jobs) at 62 percent, which is also the top surgery for patients under the age of 34.

The top procedures for male patients were rhinoplasty (79 percent), neurotoxins (58 percent), and [blepharoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/blepharoplasty-eyelid-surgery) (42 percent). While women still make up the large majority of aesthetics patients, [more men than ever](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-you-need-to-know-about-male-plastic-surgery-trends) are seeking treatment. [Hair transplants](https://aedit.com/procedure/surgical-hair-restoration-solutions) may be the only procedure for which men far surpass women as patients, but it is part of a larger development. Blepharoplasty and neuromodulators are trending towards more balance, with a lower percentage of surgeons indicating these procedures are performed on “mostly females.” 

## **Patient Perspective**
In 2020, an [AEDIT survey found](https://aedit.com/aedition/aedit-survey-reveals-how-2020-altered-aesthetic-landscape) that millennials and gen Z accounted for the largest age group interested in aesthetic procedures. The AAFPRS survey continues to bear this out. Patients age 56 or older represented a lower percentage of overall procedures in 2021 than previous years (the organization notes that this may be because of COVID-19 concerns). 

[Social media](https://aedit.com/aedition/march-2020-study-shows-relationship-between-social-media-cosmetic-surgery) and our continued reliance on video conferencing remain key motivators for patients seeking treatment. In fact, 79 percent of facial plastic surgeons identify patients seeking procedures for an improved appearance on video conferencing as a rising trend, compared to only 16 percent the previous year. “The use of video for business, social media, and self-promotion is now so ingrained in society that it provides an easy and ever-present lens for self-scrutiny,” Dr. Maas explains. “We’ve slowly moved from static image filters to ‘Zoom dysmorphia’ being the major patient motivator as the pressures of a virtual lifestyle continue to impact the way we view ourselves and the way we present to peers.”

And then there is the ongoing influence of face coverings. We deemed ‘[eyes the new lips](https://aedit.com/aedition/popularity-of-eyelid-surgery-cosmetic-eye-procedures-during-covid-19)’ back in June 2020, and the upper third of the face continues to take center stage. More than 70 percent of AAFPRS members indicated that more and more patients were asking for eyelid procedures to [look less tired](https://aedit.com/procedure/eye-rejuvenation-solutions) (up 17 percent from 2020). Interest in [brow lifts](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-surgical-and-non-invasive-brow-lift-procedures) also saw a jump, as did [face and neck lifts](https://aedit.com/aedition/pairing-facelift-neck-lift-procedures).

A newer but notable lift trend: The rise of [lip lifts](https://aedit.com/aedition/lip-lift-procedure-instead-of-lip-filler) (i.e. the surgical procedure that addresses the distance between the base of the nose and top of the lip for a fuller, more youthful effect). A new category for the 2021 survey, 70 percent of surgeons report that they performed the pout-enhancing procedure last year. It serves as a longer-lasting and more natural-looking alternative to the overly augmented look that recently dominated patient requests. Curious to see what you would look like after a [lip lift](https://aedit.com/procedure/subnasal-bull-horn-lip-lift)? You can ‘try on’ the procedure and instantly visualize results with The AEDITOR. [Download the AEDIT iOS app now](https://aedit.onelink.me/E6Rw/7f228807).

## **All About Expertise**
Perhaps one of the most encouraging findings is the emphasis on expertise. The 2021 survey indicates that patients’ primary concern is finding a surgeon they can trust (36 percent), followed by worries about an unnatural result (30 percent). While no procedure is [without risk](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-cosmetic-surgery-complications), the likelihood of a safe and successful outcome is greatly influenced by the qualifications (think: [board certification](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology)) and specialty of the provider. Increasingly, patients seem to be valuing and prioritizing this. “For most procedures, effective communication between surgeon and patient is the number one key to a successful outcome,” Dr. Maas notes. “This includes a mutually agreed upon, [reasonable expectation](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-plastic-surgeons-balance-patients-cosmetic-surgery-desires-and-safety) for improvement and what is realistically possible for individual patients and their goals.”

Now Trending

Surgical procedures are up, as are the number of men looking to address aesthetic concerns.

Facial Plastic Surgery Trends From 2021 AAFPRS Member Survey

New Survey Finds There Was A 40 Percent Increase In Facial Plastic Surgery In 2021

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When considering having an aesthetic procedure – be it surgical or non-surgical – risks and complications can feel like a daunting topic to explore. Whether you’re an avid researcher or processing the information your provider shares with you, calculating whether the reward is greater than the risk can be difficult to compute. While the treatments offered by reputable, board certified dermatologists and plastic surgeons are largely considered safe and effective, no procedure is without risk and it’s important that patients understand that before booking an appointment. 

Look no further than Linda Evangelista sharing her experience with [paradoxical adipose hyperplasia (PAH)](https://aedit.com/aedition/paradoxical-adipose-hyperplasia-after-cryolipolysis) after CoolSculpting® or [Amy Schumer](https://www.instagram.com/p/CYCSsoQpIWw/) talking about [getting filler dissolved](https://aedit.com/aedition/hyaluronidase-to-dissolve-dermal-filler) to see that it is possible to have suboptimal results. In some cases, the suboptimal veers to the dangerous. Late last year, *Shahs of Sunset* star [Lilly Ghalichi](https://www.instagram.com/p/CUv1ZQpp30v/) opened about a scary brush with [vascular occlusion](https://aedit.com/aedition/risk-of-vascular-occlusion-after-dermal-filler) and the threat of skin necrosis after getting filler. And then there are surgeries that [don’t go as planned](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-to-do-if-you-are-unhappy-with-your-plastic-surgery-results).

We certainly appreciate that people have become more transparent about their nips and tucks (here’s looking at you, [Marc Jacobs](https://aedit.com/aedition/marc-jacobs-facelift)), but the pitfall of normalization is that conversations around safety, efficacy, cost, and recovery are often lost in the shuffle. “Plastic surgery carries similar complications as other surgical specialties,” says [Jules Walters III, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/jules-walters-md-34662), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Metairie, LA. “Patients must realize this and not just be caught up on the glamorous side of plastic surgery shown on [social media](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-a-plastic-surgeon-on-social-media).” 

This article is not to dissuade you from getting a procedure but rather to ensure you make the best decision for your health and aesthetic goals. With the help of top plastic surgeons, we’re exploring the most common cosmetic surgery complications, how severe they can be, and what steps patients can take to minimize the risk.

## **Side Effects vs. Complications**
Before we dive into complications, it’s important to understand how they differ from side effects. Side effects refer to undesired or negative consequences that are expected when a drug or treatment is administered. For example, nausea is a common side effect of [general anesthesia](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-anesthesia), while redness, [swelling](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-minimize-swelling-after-cosmetic-surgery), and tenderness are all side effects of injectables. Complications, meanwhile, are uncommon consequences that, however rare, can occur. While side effects tend to resolve on their own, complications usually require medical intervention and possible revision. In this article, we are focusing on complications. 

Both the side effects and potential complications of a procedure should be discussed during the consultation process and should certainly be considered before deciding on a procedure. The two vary in severity, but complications are the more serious – and rarer – of the bunch. “In general, the most common complications in plastic surgery are bleeding (hematoma), bruising (ecchymosis), fluid collection (seroma), infection, or [poor scarring](https://aedit.com/aedition/minimizing-scars-after-surgery),” says [Olivia MaDan, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/olivia-madan-md-34660), a board eligible plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Nashville. In the case of the latter, “poor” can include widened, atrophic, hypertrophic, keloid scars, and more. “Some procedures can also lead to sensory changes, contour deformities, delayed wound healing, and need for revision,” she continues. “Less common complications include blood clot, fat embolism, and cardiac arrhythmia.” 

The likelihood of these complications depends on a range of factors inclusive of both the patient and provider. The type of surgery you are undergoing, your medical history, and the surgeon’s level of expertise can all play a role in how smooth your [recovery from surgery](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-plastic-surgery-recovery-nurses-centers-products) will be.

### **Procedural Risk**
As it relates to the relationship between procedure type and complications, the [Brazilian butt lift (BBL)](https://aedit.com/procedure/brazilian-butt-lift) is perhaps the most infamous. For the uninitiated, the procedure involves harvesting fat from a donor site via liposuction, purifying that fat, and then injecting into the buttocks. A [2017 survey](https://academic.oup.com/asj/article/40/8/864/5822125?login=true) from the Aesthetic Surgery Education and Research Foundation (ASERF) determined the BBL mortality rate to be one in 3,448. It decreased to one in 14,952 in 2019. The 2019 figure indicates mortality has reached an ‘acceptable’ level that is similar to that of abdominoplasty (one in 13,193). This is thanks in large part to [changes in technique](https://aedit.com/aedition/brazilian-butt-lift-procedure-safety) that have led to a safer result. 

Despite the progress, many surgeons do not perform the procedure. [Barry Weintraub, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/barry-weintraub-md-385), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in New York City, says he doesn’t offer BBL at his practice because of the risks associated with it. And Dr. MaDan says it’s not just the butt enhancer. “Fat transfer procedures – BBL, [facial fat grafting](https://aedit.com/procedure/facial-fat-grafting) – are more likely to carry risks of contour deformity and fat embolism,” she notes. 

As a reminder, trendy surgeries aren’t the only ones that carry risk. “Tummy tuck ([abdominoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/abdominoplasty)) procedures are more likely to have complications like hematoma and seroma,” Dr. MaDan shares. Breast surgeries, including [breast lifts](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-lift) and [breast implants](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-augmentation-with-implants), meanwhile, “are more likely to have complications like sensory changes, implant malposition, and poor scarring,” she adds.

## **How to Mitigate the Risk of Complication**
In some ways, plastic surgery complications are a numbers game. Even in the best hands, there is always a possibility that something can happen. With that said, there is much that can be done pre- and post-op to mitigate risk.

### **1. Prioritize Your Health**
The best way to prepare for surgery? Seeing to it that you’re in good overall health, says [Martin Benjamin, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/martin-benjamin-md-34666), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Scottsdale, AZ. “Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising, and having [good nutrition](https://aedit.com/aedition/meal-plans-diet-before-after-cosmetic-surgery) will help to optimize your recovery,” he says. In some cases, a surgeon may even recommend committing to certain healthy lifestyle changes before undergoing treatment. [Body mass index (BMI)](https://aedit.com/aedition/why-you-should-lose-weight-before-plastic-surgery), for example, plays a role in whether or not someone is a candidate for surgery because of its impact on recovery and wound healing, while [smoking](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-cigarette-smoking-vaping-on-skin-hair-teeth-health) can adversely affect results, too.  

Additionally, it’s imperative to share any information you think may be significant with your surgeon or anesthesiologist during the consultation process, so they can adapt your care accordingly. “Understanding the patient’s medical history, as well as any previous issues with healing and surgery-related issues, can help to prevent future complications,” says [Michael Somenek, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/michael-somenek-md-30787), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Washington, DC. Dr. Benjamin agrees. “It will be important to make sure to discuss any of your past medical history and obtain the appropriate surgical clearance and preoperative labs, as well as avoid any tobacco or drug use before your operation,” he shares. 

### **2. Choose a Skilled Surgeon**
One of the most crucial steps to prevent possible complications is [choosing the right provider](https://aedit.com/provider/michael-somenek-md-30787). “When it comes to complications, the best prevention is to go with a trained surgeon, who is board certified in plastic surgery,” says [Lauren Chmielewski, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/lauren-chmielewski-md-143), a NYC-based board certified in plastic and reconstructive surgeon. “While even under the best of circumstances a complication can occur, you can improve your odds by researching the surgeon’s credentials.” This expertise can actually become even more important in case of an emergency, when the extensive training and experience kicks in.

In addition to vetting the credentials of the surgeon, also do your due diligence in scouting their team, facility, and body of work (think: patient testimonials, [before and after photos](https://aedit.com/aedition/importance-of-before-and-after-photos-in-plastic-surgery)). Dr. Chmielweski recommends asking your surgeon if the surgery center where your procedure will be performed is accredited. You can also inquire about who else will be on the surgical team – including the qualifications of the [anesthesiologist](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-much-cosmetic-surgery-costs).

The consultation process is a good way to get to know potential providers (in addition to learning more about treatment options), which is why we always recommend consulting with at least two surgeons. “Patients should always [go with their gut](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-i-found-my-plastic-surgeon-trust-your-gut),” Dr. Weintraub says. “In my revision cases where I’m correcting another surgeon’s subpar result, patients always say that they didn’t feel right about going ahead with their prior surgeon but did so anyway.” 

We know that there can be a lot of ground to cover during the consultation, but there are some factors not related to treatment that you should pay attention to. “A surgeon should not be in a rush and should answer all questions during a consultation,” Dr. Weintraub shares. “[It] should be up to 60 minutes with thorough explanations of the procedure requested, a tour of the surgical facility, and an in-depth meeting with the practice manager.” His key takeaway: “Surgery is not sales – there should be no pressure and no rush.”

### **3. Ask Questions** 
As we’ve started to cover, the most crucial step before surgery is the consultation. It’s your primary opportunity to explore possible treatments, ask questions, learn more about the surgical team, and get a sense of the surgeon’s bedside manner. “Having a thorough discussion with your surgeon regarding your surgical procedure’s risks, benefits, and alternatives are of utmost importance during your consultation,” Dr. Benjamin emphasizes. “It will help guide your decision-making and best prepare you should there be any unanticipated surgical complications.” 

A few questions you could ask regarding complications include:

- Am I a suitable candidate for this procedure?
- What are the known side effects and complications of this procedure?
- Are there any lower-risk alternatives I should consider?
- Have any of your patients experienced complications following this procedure?
- What will recovery look like? Are there any signs of complications I should look out for?

If you need more inspiration, we’ve got a [full list of consultation questions ](https://aedit.com/aedition/questions-to-ask-your-doctor-during-plastic-surgery-consultation)to consider. At the end of the day, it’s all about fostering a healthy dialogue. “Proper communication between the patient and surgeon is a must,” Dr. Walters says.

### **4. Stick to Your Post-Op Plan**
Just as you invest time and effort into the pre-op process, the post-op recovery period requires the utmost care, patience, and precision. Your surgeon will provide in-depth instructions that detail everything you can expect, everything to keep an eye on, and everything you can (and cannot) do at certain points along the way. Needless to say, compliance plays a big role in how you heal. Dr. MaDan offers these tips for a smooth recovery:

- **Move Mindfully**: Depending on the procedure, it could be weeks or months before you are cleared to [exercise](https://aedit.com/aedition/when-to-start-exercising-again-after-cosmetic-surgery-procedures) and get your blood pressure up again. While short walks and gentle movement are necessary to prevent clotting and such, slow and steady wins the race.
- **Wear Compression**: If your recovery calls for [compression garments](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-compression-garments-after-cosmetic-surgery), wear them according to your surgeon’s recommendations. They help minimize bruising and fluid retention. 
- **Care for Your Scars**: Wherever there is an incision, there will be a scar. Minimizing tension on incision sites can help minimize scars, as can [silicone gel](https://aedit.com/aedition/scar-minimizing-skincare-to-use-after-surgery) and massage. 
- **Be Patient**: Even if you are cleared to resume normal activities after six or 12 weeks, know that the body can take up to a year to fully heal and your results may continue to evolve over that period of time. When implants are involved, allow them time to, as Dr. MaDan says, “drop and fluff.”

## **The Takeaway**
Preparation alone cannot completely eliminate the risk of complications, but no one has ever regretted going the extra mile to research and understand exactly what they can expect from something that is as expensive and life-changing as cosmetic surgery. This preparation includes being aware of the risks a surgery poses, preparing your body for a procedure by taking good care of yourself, and laying the groundwork for a [smooth recovery](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-long-does-it-takes-to-recover-from-cosmetic-surgery-procedures). As Dr. Somenek reminds us, “following your doctor’s postoperative regimen and allowing time to heal are large factors that can contribute to an optimal result.”


When considering having an aesthetic procedure, risks and complications can feel like a daunting topic to explore. But it’s a necessary one, and we’re here to remove the fear factor.

Cosmetic Surgery Complications: Plastic Surgeons' Tips For Minimizing Risk 

What You Need To Know About Cosmetic Surgery Complications

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In the thirty-something years since the first robot was used in a surgical procedure, technology has advanced at a meteoric pace. In some medical specialties, robotics are commonplace. One area that has largely lagged behind the trend? [Aesthetic medicine](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5694772/). Patients take great care to find and choose a provider who they trust to perform the procedure or surgery they are interested in, and, the overwhelming majority of the time, that same person is going to be the one providing the service – be it injecting in the office or operating in the OR. But will it be that way forever?

Behind the scenes, there's a slow but steady influx of robots that are changing the way procedures are carried out and how patients receive care. From robot-assisted surgery to [artificial intelligence (AI)](https://aedit.com/aedition/artificial-intelligence-in-healthcare-doctors-offices-operating-rooms)-directed skincare analysis, tech is making waves in doctors' offices. Whenever we talk about robotics – especially in a healthcare setting – questions are (rightly) raised about how safe these machines are and what the future might look like if they are adopted more widely. How independent can this technology really be? At what point can we step back and let a robot take the reins during a procedure? Are those even things that we should be striving for?

To explore the topic in more detail, we're looking at the state of robotics usage in aesthetic medicine and what the future could look like. Here’s what you need to know about the ever-evolving relationship between beauty and technology. 

## **The Role of Robots in Aesthetic Medicine**
The robots we have available to us at the moment are best at completing repetitive tasks with accuracy. So, while they may not be gifted with creative thinking or problem solving, there are tasks they can complete within a medical setting. Case in point:

### **Robotics in Hair Restoration**
One area of cosmetic procedures that has been the focus for engineers is [hair transplantation](https://aedit.com/procedure/surgical-hair-restoration-solutions). When carried out by humans, [follicular unit extraction (FUE)](https://aedit.com/procedure/follicular-unit-extraction-fue) – the act of explanting thousands of individual hair follicles from a donor site and implanting them elsewhere – is a very lengthy and repetitive process. The ARTAS® robotic hair transplant system is looking to change that. 

[ARTAS®](https://aedit.com/procedure/artas-robotic-hair-transplant) is an autonomous robotic procedure during which a robotic arm extracts and implants hair follicles. The procedure is a trailblazer in robotic medicine in the aesthetics space,  however, it does have its limitations. The system is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use on patients with dark, straight hair. Hair transplants carried out by humans, meanwhile, are approved for most demographics.

Additionally, the system is used to plan out the procedure and execute it, which means a surgeon's input remains vital to the consultation and planning process. But, if the procedure goes to plan, the machine takes care of the rest. 

### **Robotic Laser Therapy**
Laser-based procedures are also seeing robotic innovation. [EON® by Dominion Aesthetics](https://dominionaesthetic.com/) is seeking to provide next-generation body contouring. The touchless technology uses precision robotics to simultaneously deliver laser energy and cooling to ensure a comfortable and efficacious experience. The system uses a robotic arm to scan a patient’s body. The technology then devises a 'map' for the laser to follow. From there, the autonomous laser works to reduce fat in a targeted way. The procedure is FDA-cleared for abdominal fat reduction, but the manufacturer expects additional approvals in the future. 

Robotic lasers are also the focus of [SAHARRA](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbL1nt7UY8Q) (a.k.a. semi-autonomous hair removal robot assistant), which is looking to improve the precision and speed of the [laser hair removal](https://aedit.com/procedure/laser-hair-removal) process. Like EON®, the robot scans the area that needs to be treated, decides what positions to adopt to treat each site, and figures out the different types or strengths of energy that should be used for the most efficient results. It then carries out the procedure with minimal input from human operators.

### **Robot-Assisted Injectables**
In theory, it’s not unthinkable that the technology used for hair transplants could be adapted to carry out minimally invasive procedures such as Botox® or filler injections. Current technology, however, is void of one crucial factor – artistry. One of the most essential skills of an injector (besides a deep knowledge of anatomy) is an understanding of [facial harmony](https://aedit.com/aedition/facial-harmony-in-aesthetic-medicine). So, while the physical technology may be making strides toward automating minimally invasive procedures, including injectables, the AI behind the machines (a.k.a. their brains) still has a ways to go. 

Paris-based aesthetic provider Emmanuel Elard, MD, has created a robot capable of injecting Botox® and filler. The machine – created by Dr. Elard's tech firm [NextMotion](https://www.nextmotion.net/) – is named LENA (a.k.a. light enabled neuro-robotic arm), and it can inject patients with neuromodulators and dermal filler using a robotic arm powered by AI. Even so, the tech still relies on a doctor's know-how. The provider programs the tool to specify how much product to inject and where to inject it. Basically, it’s robot-assisted injections.

When a cosmetic procedure is carried out by a board certified provider, a number of factors come into play. When it comes to injectables, for example, your practitioner may ask you to move your face or make certain expressions during treatment so they can look for possible [asymmetries](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-for-body-asymmetries) and assess where to inject. The degree of nuance involved is so high that it would take an incredibly powerful computer to take in all of that information, process it, and then make a judgment as to where and how to inject.

## **The Role of AI in Beauty & Aesthetics**
Perhaps more than robotics, AI has found a purpose in the beauty and aesthetics industry that is seemingly here to stay. [Haut.AI](https://haut.ai/) is behind many of the skin analysis tools you’ve no doubt tried online or in apps. L'Oréal [unveiled](https://www.loreal.com/en/news/science-and-technology/research-innovation/2020/01/09/00/00/unveil-perso-the-worlds-first-aipowered-device-for-skincare-and-cosmetics/) what it bills as the world's first AI-powered device for skincare and cosmetics at the 2020 CES convention. And AEDIT’s patented facial morphing technology, [The AEDITOR](https://aedit.com/white-label-the-aeditor), allows users to ‘try on’ popular aesthetic procedures and instantly visualize medically accurate results. In the future, it's conceivable that engineers may look to create robotic devices that process the information established by the [AI tech](https://aedit.com/aedition/study-shows-how-artificial-intelligence-is-bringing-objectivity-to-aesthetics) already available to offer in-office or at-home treatments. 

[Amy Spizuoco, DO](https://aedit.com/provider/amy-spizuoco-19341), a board certified dermatologist in New York City, believes these analysis tools could have value “in a big practice to allow each patient to have access to great skincare,” but she doesn’t see them replacing human expertise. “Humans will always be better,” she emphasizes. “I believe it's best to see patients live and create a customized skincare routine together.” In her experience, that personal touch yields quality, long-term results. “It's best to know and understand your patients,” she shares. “This allows for the best skincare routine."

## **The Takeaway**
Many say that robots have the ability to perform more predictably than humans in an array of settings, but healthcare is an area where people are yet to be fully convinced. The idea of a machine operating on someone completely independently of a surgeon probably won’t be commonplace in the near future, but that doesn’t mean there isn’t value (especially when it comes to caring for people in remote areas where expert medical staff isn’t available) to exploring it. Will we see robots replace plastic surgeons and dermatologists in our lifetime? Probably not, but they just might start lending a helping hand sooner than we expect!

From autonomous hair transplants to robot-assisted laser therapy, here's where the use of robotics for cosmetic procedures stands.

The Future Of Robotics In Aesthetic Medicine

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After a year that was — to put it mildly — not anyone’s favorite, we’re all looking forward to 2021. The silver lining? If nothing else, an extended socially distant work from home period (for those lucky enough to be able to) has afforded us the time and space to [heal in peace](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/recovery) from more aesthetic treatments than we may have considered in the past. As the new year approaches, what big trends in both surgical and non-surgical cosmetic procedures will it bring? To find out, we tapped the biggest names in cosmetic dermatology and plastic surgery to get their take on what’s new and next for face and body. 

## **For Face** 
In June, we declared [eyes are the new lips](https://aedit.com/aedition/popularity-of-eyelid-surgery-cosmetic-eye-procedures-during-covid-19) as a result of COVID-19 face coverings, and that trend is here to stay. But that’s not all 2021 has in store for the face.

### **1. All About Eyes**
We’re calling it now: 2021 will continue to be an eye opener. “Who knows how long masks will be part of our daily ensemble,” says [Dara Liotta, MD](https://www.facialplasticsnyc.com/), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon in New York City. She predicts patients will choose to combine “minor eye-optimizing surgeries” that “provide natural-looking, permanent results” (think: [upper eyelid blepharoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/upper-eyelid-blepharoplasty)) with non-surgical enhancements (like the [Botox® Brow Lift](https://aedit.com/procedure/chemical-brow-lift) and lateral cheekbone and [under eye filler](https://aedit.com/procedure/under-eye-filler)) to “lighten and brighten the area around the eyes.” Optimizing the eyes can do wonders for making us look better rested, less stressed, and more put together. “More and more patients will be willing to come and sit in my office chair once or twice a year for a little ‘high maintenance’ tweakment in order to be ‘low maintenance’ all year long,” she says. In her experience, it’s all about the ability to “ditch the undereye concealer and the strobing makeup that just gets all over our masks anyway.” True story. 

### **2. Couture Lips**
Just because eyes are having a moment doesn’t mean lips are a thing of the past. 2020 saw the release of [Restylane® Kysse](https://aedit.com/aedition/new-injectables-neurotoxins-fillers-for-face-body), a hyaluronic acid-based lip filler from Galderma, and Dr. Liotta expects non-surgical pout procedures to continue to be in demand. “Lips are always ‘in’ and more and more patients are willing to pay a bit more for a perfect, couture, natural-looking lip,” Dr. Liotta says. Despite the popularity, lips can be a complicated area of the face to treat. “When you really analyze the lips, they’re composed of a number of different parts,” she explains. There are the philtral columns (the lines from the peak of the cupid’s bow up toward the nose), the cupid’s bow, the vermillion border (i.e. where you’d apply lip liner), and the body of the lip itself (where you’d put lipstick). “If you feel your own lips, you’ll appreciate that each of these areas have different stiffnesses, and move differently,” Dr. Liotta says.

After analyzing the lips — both at rest and movement — she designs “a custom plan for lip augmentation” using one to three different types of fillers, plus or minus Botox®. Dubbed “Couture Lips,” the procedure rings in around $3,000 because more than one type of filler is involved. “It’s expensive, but so worth it,” she says. 

### **3. Nanofat**
If you are looking for a natural, long-lasting alternative to synthetic dermal filler, nanofat is a whole new level of [facial fat injections](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-dermal-fillers-vs-fat-grafting-for-facial-rejuvenation-contouring). “Because the market has now gotten really used to doing facial fillers, people are realizing how much money and what a commitment filler is,” says [Lisa Cassileth, MD](https://www.drcassileth.com/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon and founder of Cassileth Plastic Surgery in Beverly Hills. One of the problems with traditional fat is that it can be lumpy or bumpy — not as smooth as a filler. But new technology helps to eliminate that concern. “Nanofat takes the fat and processes it, smoothing it out to a milkshake-like consistency that is similar to what a Juvederm® or hyaluronic acid injection might be,” she notes. Oh, and did we mention it’s permanent? “A big plus is that you can have a long-term placement of the nanofat,” Dr. Cassileth says. “It looks and acts like an injectable, but it never goes away”

### **4. Masseter Botox®**  
2020 was rough, and its trials and tribulations have minted a whole new group of teeth grinders and jaw clinchers, Dr. Liotta says. “2021 is going to be about mixing wellness and beauty,” she notes, and [masseter Botox®](https://aedit.com/procedure/jawline-slimming-with-botox) is a great example of this. The masseter muscle is one of the muscles activated during chewing, and it’s located at the angle of the mandible (jaw). “In people who grind or clench their teeth, it’s extra tension in this muscle that’s the culprit,” Dr. Liotta explains. She says that Botox® can be used both functionally to weaken the masseter muscle (the main teeth-grinding muscle) and improve the [pain of TMJ from teeth grinding](https://aedit.com/aedition/botox-to-treat-tmj-disorders-and-jaw-slimming) and cosmetically to thin and soften the jaw from a hypertrophied (or overgrown) masseter muscle. “When Botox® is used to relieve the pain of TMJ and tooth-grinding, patients can expect some pain relief in as little as one to two weeks,” Dr. Liotta says. When Botox® is used to reduce masseter muscle hypertrophy cosmetically, the maximum effect is not seen for six to eight weeks, she adds. 

### **5. Surgical Profile Makeover** 
To maximize results, Dr. Liotta predicts her patients will “stack more small surgical procedures to optimize their look in a more permanent way.” One of the most popular combinations? [Rhinoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/open-rhinoplasty) alongside a [chin implant](https://aedit.com/procedure/alloplastic-chin-implant) and submental liposuction, she says, because they’re easy to combine in terms of surgical logistics and recovery. “The combination of the three requires treatments takes around 2.5 hours of operating and about 10 days of downtime,” she notes. 

## **For Body** 
Our experts are expecting lots of surgical and non-surgical body contouring requests in the new year — plus, a modern take on [breast implant removal](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-happens-when-you-have-breast-implants-removed).

### **6. Emsculpt Neo**
“One of the big things that's coming up is next-generation bodies,” says [Anne Chapas, MD](https://www.unionderm.com/), a board certified dermatologist and medical director of Union Square Dermatology in New York City. [EmSculpt](https://aedit.com/aedition/why-everyone-is-talking-about-emsculpt) has been a leader in this new muscle building space, and the EmSculpt Neo uses radiofrequency to simultaneously eliminate fat. “It's one of the only devices that, in 30 minutes, will be doing two treatments at once,” she says. It uses radiofrequency energy to break down the fat cells and electromagnetic waves to stimulate the underlying muscles to build muscle. She points to a study from the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery (ASDS) that showed an average of 30 percent reduction in subcutaneous fat. “Even after one month, the fat reduction in particular usually takes about 90 days,” Dr. Chapas explains. 

New York City-based board certified dermatologist [Paul Jarrod Frank, MD](https://pfrankmd.com/), sees the EmSculpt Neo being similarly influential. He says the original EmSculpt does for body shaping and muscle definition what Botox® did to wrinkles and muscle movement — and it’s a game changer. He has two EmSculpt machines at his practice and uses them after liposuction. “I do it for fitness people, instructors, and people who hit a wall after injury,” he says. It’s most effective for those “who have been exercising for years, have great bodies, and just want better,” he notes. 

### **7. Liposculpting**
The pandemic has created space and time for many things, one being an opportunity to recover and heal while working remotely. “For the first time, working moms and dads are able to refocus their energy on self and family without the day-to-day work and travel grind,” says [Ryan Neinstein, MD](https://neinsteinplasticsurgery.com/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon of Neinstein Plastic Surgery in NYC. His practice’s signature [liposculpting](https://aedit.com/procedure/liposculpture) procedure, which combines fat-melting technology (VASER) and skin-tightening technology (J Plasma), has seen a 75 percent increase in demand as of late. “We constantly hear ‘I finally have time to take care of myself and the pandemic has made me realize I deserve to feel good,’” he says. 

### **8. High-Definition Liposuction** 
Another body contouring procedure on the rise? [High-definition liposuction](https://aedit.com/aedition/high-definition-liposuction-techniques-for-body-contouring). “A procedure born out of South American ingenuity has permeated onto Park Avenue,” Dr. Neinstein says. While most of his practice’s patients seek a lean look, new techniques allow muscle definition, too. “By using artistic skill with our technology, we can now melt the fat down to just a few cells under the skin,” Dr. Neinstein says. “For athletic patients with a great underlying muscular framework, we can now create a hill and valley concept that gives a sexy and athletic look.” 

### **9. Pectoral Muscle Repair**
[Breast implant removal](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-happens-when-you-have-breast-implants-removed) made headlines in 2020 (thanks, Chrissy Teigen!). In 2021, Dr. Cassileth believes there will be a demand to not just remove the implant but also restore beautiful breasts. “No one ever repairs the pectoralis muscle because it was never considered a critical part of the implant removal,” she laments. While muscle repair isn’t required for explanting, she considers it a necessary complement for every under-the-muscle-implant removal she performs. “The pec muscle is not only attached to your sternum and ribs, it’s also attached to your arm,” Dr. Cassileth explains, adding it’s what allows you to do a pushup. When you cut into this muscle, it can weaken by 10 to 20 percent. “Now that so many more women are doing pushups, pilates, or plank positions, they are really noticing that their pec muscle strength isn’t close to what it was prior to implant,” she shares. “If the muscle is left unrepaired after explanting, it can actually be weaker without the implant since there isn’t tension holding it tighter.” Repairing the pectoral muscle allows patients to “live a full life,” she says.

### **10. TruBody System**
Dr. Chapas says that the TruBody System from Cutera will be a big body sculpting trend for 2021. It’s a two-step system that removes fat, rebuilds muscle, and renews the skin by combining the truSculpt® iD and truSculpt® Flex technologies. Using radiofrequency technology, the devices heat up the body to 45 degrees Celsius in 15 minutes to reduce about 24 percent of the fat right below the skin. “What we're finding in some of these kinds of technologies is that heating the fat is also getting those muscles revved up to work, so they have better metabolism,” Dr. Chapas explains. You can do multiple areas at once with TruBody. “It's really popular to do the abdomen and the arms or the front of the legs or the buttocks and the back of the legs,” she says, adding a series of about four treatments are usually needed for best results. 

### **11. Emsella**
Emsella uses electromagnetic energy to deliver thousands of supramaximal pelvic floor muscle contractions in a single session. Originally used by gynecologists and urologists to treat incontinence, the technology is now being used for sexual wellness and body strengthening. “We found that when this treatment is used in conjunction with other things, like an abdomen treatment, you're creating an enormous amount of core strength, development postural improvement, and, yes, those sexual health improvements for both men and women,” Dr. Frank explains. Emsella is yet another example of the intersection between functional and aesthetic medicine. “A lot of women and men are doing it, and it's not something you can see,’ he shares. “It's something that you feel; it affects the functioning of your life.” 

As the new year approaches, we tapped the biggest names in cosmetic dermatology and plastic surgery to get their take on what’s new and next for face and body.

Biggest Medical Aesthetics Trends Of 2021 For Face And Body

The 11 Biggest Medical Aesthetics Trends Of 2021

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Aside from thinking about the final result, one of the most preoccupying concerns when it comes to having an aesthetic procedure is how much [pain](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-much-plastic-surgery-really-hurts), [bruising](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-bruising-after-lasers-filler-botox), and swelling it will cause. You might consider these elements to be completely separate, but they are actually closely linked. When it comes to post-surgical discomfort, the most likely culprit is swelling. It can be difficult for providers to predict exactly how much swelling a patient will experience during [recovery](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/recovery), but there are several strategies to help manage it. We’re breaking down exactly what post-operative swelling is, how to treat it, and what you can do to minimize it. 

## **What Is Swelling?**
Swelling is the body’s natural response to injury. Although aesthetic surgery is elective, the body still views the incision and work carried out as an injury. It kick starts the healing process accordingly. The first stage of the recovery process is the inflammatory phase, during which the body will send repair cells to the surgical site. The main symptoms of the inflammatory response are swelling and pain, with the former often causing the latter. The swelling itself is a result of the increased movement of fluids carrying white blood cells, growth factors, and enzymes to the area.

### **What Affects Swelling?**
Several factors will determine how much swelling someone experiences after a procedure, but it can be difficult to predict. Below are a few indicators: 

1. **The Procedure**: The type of procedure you have will impact how much swelling you experience. Generally speaking, Non- and minimally invasive procedures induce less swelling than invasive and surgical ones.
2. **The Part of the Body**: The face is particularly prone to swelling, while areas like the stomach tend to swell less. 
3. **Genetics & Lifestyle**: Your body will also have a natural tendency to swell more or less than others. These differences are mostly due to genetics, but your overall health and diet can play a part, too. 

Your provider will discuss any additional risk factors with you during the pre-op workup process, and they will be able to advise on what to expect during the recovery process based on your medical history and treatment plan.

### **How to Minimize the Risk of Swelling**
Minimizing the risk of swelling begins long before you go under the knife. Being in good physical health is important for any surgery. Your surgeon will likely have asked for several pre-op tests to make sure you are fit and healthy enough for the procedure, but staying in shape will help with your recovery, too. Some surgeons may also advise taking certain [vitamins and supplements](https://aedit.com/aedition/vitamins-supplements-to-avoid-before-cosmetic-surgery) ahead of the procedure to reduce swelling. Bromelain is one popular option, as are [vitamin A](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare) and [vitamin C](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-vitamin-c-in-skincare). [Anti-inflammatory diets](https://aedit.com/aedition/meal-plans-diet-before-after-cosmetic-surgery) rich in whole grains, plant-based fats and proteins, fruits and vegetables, and fresh herbs and spices and low in sodium can help combat post-surgical inflammation.

## **How to Manage Post-Op Swelling** 
Needless to say, you will be given specific post-operative care guidelines by your medical team that should be followed to a T. They will include strategies to manage swelling and the discomfort it can cause like: 

- **Wrap It Up**: If your recovery involves compression garments, be sure to wear them as instructed, as they will play a crucial role in your healing. 
- **Ice, Ice Baby**: Ice packs (especially in the first 24 to 48 hours) are key to reducing swelling and pain. You may even be given your first ice pack before leaving the clinic. 
- **Stay Lifted**: You may be advised to elevate the area you had surgery on, which usually means raising the torso. A wedge pillow can help keep you elevated comfortably. 
- **Move Around**: Staying as [active as possible](https://aedit.com/aedition/when-to-start-exercising-again-after-cosmetic-surgery-procedures) will help reduce swelling and boost your chances of a smooth recovery. Follow your medical team’s advice on how active you can be and when you can resume different levels of activity. 

Oh, and your [post-op diet](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/diet-and-nutrition) matters just as much as your prep-op one. You’re also going to want to stay hydrated and eat well. Staying healthy will give your body the nutrients it needs to recover optimally. 

### **How Long Does Post-Op Swelling Last?**
Depending on the invasiveness of the procedure, swelling usually peaks in the first days or weeks after a procedure and subsides from there. Even mild swelling in the days after a procedure can [hide or distort the results](https://aedit.com/aedition/treatment-for-post-plastic-surgery-depression-blues-during-recovery), so don’t be disheartened if you aren’t seeing the outcome you had hoped for right away. Your surgeon should give you a good indication of how long it will take after the procedure to see the final results, so be sure to keep that in mind — especially in the first few weeks post-op. 

It should be noted that residual swelling can linger for months. Most of the time, it is a natural part of the healing process and isn’t anything to worry about. But, if you notice a sudden increase in swelling, discharge, or issues with your incisions, be sure to consult with your provider. Additionally, be on the lookout for unexplained swelling in the legs — particularly if you haven’t been moving around much — as this could be a sign of more serious post-surgical complications. 

## **The Takeaway**
Recovering from an aesthetic surgery is a very personal experience. Swelling and discomfort in the days and weeks after a procedure are natural parts of the healing process, and you will likely be given [medication](https://aedit.com/aedition/opioid-crisis-plastic-surgery-recovery-pain-management) (prescription and/or over-the-counter) to help keep you as comfortable as possible. Following these tips and the instructions from your surgeon will help keep swelling to a minimum and ensure a more optimal recovery.

Wellness

It can be difficult  to predict exactly how much swelling a patient will deal with during recovery, but there are several ways to manage it. 

How To Treat And Minimize Swelling After Cosmetic Surgery

Everything You Need To Know About Post-Surgery Swelling

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If you are considering cosmetic surgery, chances are you have become accustomed to the price ranges that we list in our [procedure guides](https://aedit.com/procedures). Often, these ranges can be quite large and are caveated with a note that costs depend on location and provider. But regardless of where you decide to have your procedure, the price can be broken down into distinct categories. To help you to understand what you’re really looking at on your cosmetic surgery invoice, we’ve put together a general breakdown.

## **The Cost of Cosmetic Procedures**
As we mentioned, most of the information you will find about cosmetic surgery costs is either based on national averages or a range as opposed to a fixed fee. Because most cosmetic procedures are considered ‘elective’ (i.e. not medically necessary), they are [not usually covered by insurance](https://aedit.com/aedition/insurance-coverage-for-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-procedures) and require patients to pay out of pocket. Once you start consulting with aesthetic providers, they will be able to give you more specifics about the amount you will end up paying. 

With that in mind, below are the three main factors that make up the cost of a cosmetic procedure:

### **1. Surgical Fee**
Your surgery invoice will, first and foremost, include a surgical fee, which is what your provider takes home. This fee is set by the surgeon and covers costs incurred to perform the procedure and run their medical office, including insurance, staff, rent, and other expenses. This fee can vary depending on your surgeon’s [experience and expertise](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology), as well as the size of their practice and its geographical location.

### **2. Anesthesia Fee**
Similarly, the anesthesia fee is what the anesthesiologist gets paid and tends to only be a factor if general anesthesia is involved. It can vary based on their experience, the procedure, and the [type of anesthesia administered](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-anesthesia), but it is generally agreed upon before surgery by the anesthesiologist or facility and the surgeon.

### **3. Facility Fee**
The facility fee is a fixed fee that is set by the hospital or clinic where a procedure is taking place. It includes the cost of nursing care, drugs, medical materials, and procedure-specific items (think: implants) that will be used before, during, and after your treatment. 

It should be noted that the [first time you meet](https://aedit.com/aedition/questions-to-ask-your-doctor-during-plastic-surgery-consultation) with an aesthetic provider, you may pay a consultation fee. Providers set their own consultation fee, and, if a patient chooses to move forward with the procedure, the fee will be applied toward the total cost of it. 

If you have questions or concerns about the cost of a procedure, patients should feel free to have an open dialogue with their provider. They may be able to present different treatment options at varying price points. While not always the case, patients who choose to [combine procedures](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-surgical-and-non-surgical-cosmetic-procedures-to-combine) (think: a facelift and blepharoplasty or tummy tuck and liposuction) sometimes save a bit of money, in addition to maximizing recovery time and enhancing results.

## **Additional Costs to Consider**
Aside from the fees outlined above that relate directly to the procedure itself, there are additional expenses to consider before undergoing a cosmetic treatment or procedure. There are often preoperative and postoperative costs not captured in the surgical, anesthesia, and facility fees. These, too, vary by procedure type, but fall into the following categories: 

### **Pre-Operative Care**
Cosmetic surgery patients who will be placed under general anesthesia will likely be required to [seek clearance](https://aedit.com/aedition/why-you-should-lose-weight-before-plastic-surgery) from their primary care physician prior to surgery. This can include a chest x-ray, EKG, and basic blood work. These tests are carried out to spot any pre-existing conditions that would make the procedure more risky. There may be separate fees involved for each of these workups, so it’s worth inquiring about what tests will be required before you schedule your procedure. That way, you can price them out and budget accordingly.

### **Travel Expenses**
If you are considering having a procedure with a provider who is not located nearby, you will want to explore the [cost of traveling](https://aedit.com/aedition/safety-risks-of-medical-tourism-traveling-abroad-for-plastic-surgery) (both transportation and accommodations) to and from the facility. In addition to arriving in plenty of time before procedure day, you may need to stay close for days or weeks after the procedure to monitor healing. Depending on the procedure and downtime involved, you may also need to bring someone with you.

### **Recovery Care**
Follow-up appointments and post-operative care may be needed in the days and weeks following a procedure. It can include pain management, removing sutures, and changing dressings, and it’s worth checking what is or is not included in your initial quote to avoid any unexpected fees. Additionally, you may want to invest in pillows, garments, or other items to make your [recovery more comfortable,](https://aedit.com/aedition/preparing-for-a-smooth-recovery-from-plastic-surgery) all of which come at an additional cost.

While [recovering](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/recovery) under the watchful eye of medical professionals is usually unnecessary (though some procedures may require overnight observation), many providers offer concierge services. For a separate fee, you may be able to stay in a recovery center or receive regular nursing care for the first few days of healing. Even if you choose to forgo additional care, be sure to consider the financial impact of your downtime and recovery. Depending on the procedure, you may need to take time off from work, arrange child care, and/or have a friend or loved one stay with you. 

## **The Takeaway**
When it comes to the cost of cosmetic surgery, the only constant is that there aren't many. While patients can expect to pay surgical, anesthesia, and facility fees, just how much those will be depends on the procedure, provider, and location. Additionally, there are several costs (pre- and post-op care, travel expenses, etc.) that are not captured by those fees but should be considered. Consulting with your provider will ensure you receive the best treatment plan for your needs.

To help you to understand what you’re really looking at on your cosmetic surgery invoice, we’ve got a breakdown.

How Much Cosmetic Surgery Costs

What You’re Actually Paying For When You Get Cosmetic Surgery

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*From that French girl je ne sais quoi to the intricacies of the multi-step Korean skincare routine, the international cosmetic and aesthetic industries are as vast as they are unique. But, thanks to globalization, niche trends now have universal appeal. [In this series](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/going-global), The AEDITION explores geographical markers of beauty and how they influence today's global patient and consumer.*

[Brazilian butt lifts](https://aedit.com/procedure/brazilian-butt-lift) and [V-line jaw surgery](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-its-like-to-get-and-recover-from-jaw-surgery) (first popular in Korea) are just a few of the aesthetic procedures that have made their way to the United States over the years. Though the reverse also happens, there are many cosmetic treatments and surgeries that [gain popularity overseas](https://aedit.com/aedition/safety-risks-of-medical-tourism-traveling-abroad-for-plastic-surgery) before becoming all the rage on our shores. To find out about the latest ones you’ll need to know about, we tapped top plastic surgeons. Here, they discuss [global aesthetics trends](https://aedit.com/aedition/global-beauty-trends-the-perception-of-beauty-around-the-world), plus the procedures that are not yet approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration but are already in use abroad. 

## **1. Far-Flung Fillers**
You may be familiar with the Juvederm® family of [hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers](https://aedit.com/procedure/temporary-lip-fillers), but have you heard about Juvederm® Volite? “It’s a very thin hyaluronic acid filler like the other Juvederm® products that is even thinner than the hyaluronic acid products approved here in the U.S.,” says [Dara Liotta, MD](https://www.facialplasticsnyc.com/), a double board certified facial plastic and reconstructive surgeon with offices in New York City and Dubai. It is injected more superficially than other fillers in tiny droplets all over the face, neck, and décolletage to improve volume and hydration for up to nine months. “These small injections of hyaluronic acid are placed within the dermis itself, rather than beneath it,” she explains. 

Because [hyaluronic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler) attracts water, injecting Volite within the dermis draws moisture into this layer of skin in much greater quantities than could otherwise exist. This “plumps the skin from within, minimizing those fine lines that make our foundation settle into creases, and adding glow from the inside out, making us look more flawless and airbrushed with or without makeup,” Dr. Liotta explains. 

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But Volite isn’t the only filler finding fans abroad. “There are fillers that are used for skin quality that are thinner and more superficial than the ones we have here, such as Volite, and one that is heavier than Voluma called Volux that is used for the chin and jawline,” says [Jennifer Levine, MD](https://drjenniferlevine.com/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC. There are also combinations of a calcium-based filler combined with  hyaluronic acid filler (think: mixing Radiesse® with HA) in the pipeline. Overseas, it is common to use hyper-diluted syringes of collagen-boosting fillers, like [Radiesse® and Sculptra®](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-dermal-fillers), all over the body, she notes. 

On the [neurotoxin](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-neurotoxin-botulinum-type-a-injections-botox-dysport-jeuveau-xeomin) front, Dr. Levine mentions a longer-lasting botulinum toxin from Revance (it lasts six months instead of the typical three to four) and a short-acting one called Bonte that takes effect within 24 hours (instead of three to five days) and lasts only two or three weeks as exciting innovations. 

## **2. Rib Removal Surgery**
When it comes to aesthetic plastic surgery, the goal is always to help people look and feel their best. “We try to be part of the wellness journey,” says [Ryan Neinstein, MD](https://neinsteinplasticsurgery.com/), a New York-based board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon. [Safety, morality, and ethics](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-plastic-surgeons-balance-patients-cosmetic-surgery-desires-and-safety) are all things that are taken seriously in this industry, but he’s noticed a recent surge of patients who have undergone dramatic and questionable procedures. 

Case in point: Rib removal surgery. “This procedure is dramatic and risks for it go the level of severe heart and lung injury and perhaps death,” he warns. While rib manipulation may be part of reconstructive procedures, it’s not meant to be done for purely cosmetic reasons. “Removing and altering ribs is a part of many reconstructive procedures where the bone or cartilage is used to reconstruct deficits from trauma, infection, or cancer,” Dr. Neinstein explains. Understandable are risks becoming tolerated given the trade-off in reconstruction, but “simply removing ribs in effort of decreasing one's chest or waist in clothing remains questionable,” he says. 

## **3. High-Definition Liposuction**
On the positive side, Dr. Neinstein says that [high-definition liposuction](https://aedit.com/aedition/high-definition-liposuction-techniques-for-body-contouring) is on the rise. “A procedure born out of South American ingenuity has permeated Park Avenue,” he says. Most of Dr. Neinstein’s patients are in search of a lean look, and his practice’s devices and techniques now allow for muscle definition. “By using artistic skill with our technology, we can now melt the fat down to just a few cells under the skin,” he explains. “For athletic patients with a great underlying muscular framework, we can now create a hill and valley concept that gives a sexy and athletic look.” 

From filler to liposuction, these are the treatments you need to know about before they make it to the U.S.

Cosmetic Surgery And Aesthetic Procedure Trends Abroad

3 Global Aesthetic Trends To Keep An Eye On

sleep

The term ‘[beauty sleep](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-beauty-sleep-on-skin-health-nighttime-skincare-products)’ takes on a whole new meaning after a tweakment or cosmetic procedure, as catching your *ZZZs* is vital to the healing process. Regardless of whether it’s something on the surgical side (like a [breast augmentation](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-augmentation-with-implants) or [facelift](https://aedit.com/aedition/popularity-of-facelift-cosmetic-surgery-for-aging-sagging-neck)) or minimally invasive (think: [dermal fillers](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-dermal-fillers) and [neurotoxin injections](https://aedit.com/aedition/comparing-neurotoxin-botulinum-type-a-injections-botox-dysport-jeuveau-xeomin)), taking care in how you hit the hay can help minimize swelling, [bruising](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-bruising-after-lasers-filler-botox), and speed up the recovery process. 

In a world that’s increasingly obsessed with getting quality REM sessions in, we now know a lot about the best ways to effectively combine good sleep habits and care to minimize side effects and complications and get to your coveted “after” shot faster. Here, the best P.M. tips to ensure you wake up on the right side of the bed after an aesthetic procedure.

## **1. Find the Right Sleep Position**
The ideal position you sleep in after a procedure is dependent on the area worked on:

### **Post-Facial Procedures**
If you anticipate swelling after a facial surgery or procedure, you’ll want to sleep on your back in the “semi-fowler” position — a 45 degree elevation of the head and torso — for at least a week to allow for proper [lymphatic drainage](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-lymphatic-drainage-massages-after-cosmetic-surgery). “Many patients build a crib of pillows around them so that they do not flip over, while others have used a ‘body’ pillow to stabilize them while sleeping,” says [Melissa Doft, MD](https://doftplasticsurgery.com/), a double board certified plastic surgeon in NYC.

If you’re a staunch stomach sleeper whose will is unlikely to overcome the tendency to roll over, [Jennifer MacGregor, MD](https://www.unionderm.com/about/dr-jennifer-macgregor/), a board certified dermatologist at Union Square Laser Dermatology in NYC, suggests investing in a post-surgical neck-support pillow that keeps you on your back. Her pick: The [CosMed Recovery Pillow](https://www.cosmedcomfort.com/product/cosmed-deluxe-pillow-with-charmeuse-satin-pillowcase/), which she says works particularly well for patients who have facial surgery (aesthetic or skin cancer-related) and ablative laser resurfacing. 

It may take a few pillows and some determination, but [Suzanne Trott, MD](https://drtrott.com/), double board certified plastic surgeon in Beverly Hills, can say from first-hand experience that it’s worth it. “When I had work done on my face, I was sure that I wouldn't be able to handle sleeping on my back, but I did,” she shares. “And if I can do it, anyone can because I'm one of those people that normally has to sleep curled up on my side in the fetal position.”

### **Post-Body Procedures**
For work done below the neck, how you should sleep depends on which side of the body was treated. If it’s on the back side, like a [Brazilian Butt Lift](https://aedit.com/procedure/brazilian-butt-lift), the docs we spoke to say you’ll want to sleep on your stomach. For procedures on the front of the body, it’s less straightforward.

- **Upper Body Procedures**: After procedures on the upper torso (like a breast augmentation) the same front-up, 45 degree angle pose recommended for face work is ideal.
- **Lower Body Procedures**: For surgeries that involve the torso and below (like abdominoplasty), Dr. Trott recommends a week in the semi-fowler position, but with the body in the shape of a ‘W’ with the bed and knees flexed with pillows under them.

And then there’s a procedure category that gets to choose its own adventure. “If my patient has had a liposuction only, they can really sleep any way that they are most comfortable,” Dr. Trott says. Enjoy the freedom, and don’t be alarmed if you wake up to some swelling in the beginning. “[Patients] just need to understand that the swelling will ‘pool’ in the most dependent places,” she cautions. So, don't be freaked out when you wake up in the morning and the dependent side is fuller — it’s just temporary.

## **2. Kick Your Feet Up**
No matter what kind of work you had done, use your recovery as an excuse to kick your feet up. Dr. Trott says leg elevation is a good idea for nearly everyone sleeping on their backs after an invasive procedure. “I have a strict rule that, when [my patients] are sitting or lying down, their ankles have to be at least at knee level,” she explains. It’s a small but important part of making sure the “venous fluid doesn't pool down in their lower extremities and increase risk of blood clots,” Dr. Trott shares.

## **3. Dress Smarter**
To state the obvious, you’ll likely be sore after your procedure. If it is a part of the body that is usually clothed, what you wear can be an added source of discomfort. As such, you’ll probably want to opt for loose-fitting sleepwear. Breathable cotton pajamas will do the trick. If your recovery involves compression garments, those baggy PJs will easily slide over top.

### **How to Dress Wounds**
As for how to dress your wounds themselves, it’s time to forget that old wives’ tale about keeping them uncovered so they can ‘breathe.’ Open sores “heal best if coated with petrolatum or lighter blend healing ointments, like [Doctor Rogers Restore](https://www.doctorrogers.com/products/restore-healing-balm), then covered with a non-stick pad,” Dr. MacGregor says. This strategy not only helps the cells migrate faster, but “the covering prevents a hard, crusty scab, which impedes wound healing and [is] a nidus for infection.”

While the above serves as a good general rule of thumb, be sure to check with your doctor about specific wound protocols, as some procedures come with their own specific recommendations. For example, Dr. MacGregor gives ablative laser patients a very strict set of guidelines to follow. “For ablative laser procedures — I’m talking about only those that cause raw skin and recovery for a few days after — we have a very detailed protocol to follow, which includes special soaks and ointment for a few days,” she explains. “Then, we recommend a slow transition to healing creams.”

## **4. Fall Asleep Faster** 
Some people have no problem drifting off after an aesthetic surgery because, on a cellular level, your body doesn't know that you did this on purpose, Dr. Trott says. “[The body] goes into a healing mode where all of the healing factors from your liver are sent out to the injured areas,” she explains. “Your metabolism is jacked up about one and a half times normal for at least a few weeks.” When explaining the effect to patients, she likens it to both a marathon and sprint. “The analogy that I give my patients is that your body is basically running a marathon all day at the same time that you are going about your daily routine, so be prepared to get suddenly tired,” she says.

But not everyone is so lucky. Sometimes pain or the fear of messing up the results overnight can interfere with post-procedure sleep cycles. That’s one of the reasons why [Bruce Moskowitz, MD](https://www.specialtyaestheticsurgery.com/bruce-moskowitz-md/), an oculoplastic surgeon in Manhattan, stresses the importance of pain management. “I encourage my patients to follow the instructions for their medications carefully and try not to tough it out,” he shares. “If someone is in pain or nauseous, it's difficult or impossible to get the proper rest.” Another benefit? Pain meds are known to induce drowsiness. 

If you’re looking for an over-the-counter alternative, there is another course of action to help bring on the sandman: “Benadryl can be very helpful when patients are having a hard time,” Dr. Doft says. And then, of course, practicing good sleep hygiene can work wonders if you’re having trouble falling or staying asleep. A few things that have been proven to work:

- Sleeping with socks on (according to a [2018 study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5921564/#:~:text=The%20present%20study%20found%20that,operations%20in%20the%20homeothermic%20core.))
- Laying off blue-light devices (shown to work in a [study published in PLOS ONE](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0165331))
- Keeping nighttime meals lighter (as proven to help in a [study in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3227713/))

## **5. Don’t Take It Too Easy**
Sleep is great — vital, even — after a procedure, but don’t go overboard with the lounging sessions. “Many patients want to stay in bed right after surgery, but it is also important to walk around the house a few times a day,” Dr. Doft says. It’s key for improving circulation, which promotes wound healing and helps ward off blood clots. 

## **The Takeaway**
While all these sleep tips are meant to promote the most comfortable recovery process, keep in mind that you don’t have to stress about it too much — as long as you’re following your doctor’s advice. Sure, procedures like rhinoplasty require you not to sleep directly on the treatment area. But, for most others, good sleep habits are primarily about getting you back to your normal routine safely and smoothly. 

So, if you’re having trouble falling asleep post-op and counting sheep isn’t cutting it, remember this: “I think it's really hard for a patient to permanently damage their cosmetic result by making a ‘sleeping mistake,’” Dr. Trott says. “I can't think of any that have *ruined* an outcome!”

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Expert Opinion

The term ‘beauty sleep’ takes on a whole new meaning after a tweakment or cosmetic procedure, as catching your ZZZs is vital to the healing process. Here’s how to sleep smarter after surgery.