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Despite what pharmaceutical brands hope for, when a prospective injectables patient is looking in the mirror examining his or her face, they’re thinking ‘I want to try filler’ — not ‘I need Radiesse®’ or ‘I could use 10 cc of Sculptra®.’ Plastic surgeons and cosmetic dermatologists are there to fill in the gaps, and you certainly don’t need to walk into a doctor’s office with an exact treatment plan in mind. But it *can* be helpful to understand the basics of two major types of [dermal fillers](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-dermal-fillers): hyaluronic acid (HA)-based and biostimulatory.

According to [John Burns, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/john-burns-md-1204), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Dallas, hyaluronic acid-based fillers are “by far” the most popular choice in his practice (and that is [also true of the United States at large](https://www.plasticsurgery.org/documents/News/Statistics/2020/plastic-surgery-statistics-full-report-2020.pdf)). He estimates that about 95 percent of his patients opt for HA, with only around five percent preferring biostimulants. But that doesn’t mean that biostimulatory injectables aren’t right for you. 

Ahead, we break down the differences between HA filler and biostimulants — including a helpful guide to what to discuss with your provider.

## **How Hyaluronic Acid-Based Filler Works**
If the term ‘[hyaluronic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-hyaluronic-acid-in-skincare-dermal-filler)’ sounds familiar, it’s for good reason. The naturally occurring humectant holds 1,000-times its weight in water and is produced by the body to lubricate the joints and moisturize the skin and eyes. When synthetic formulations of HA are applied topically via skincare, they help attract water deeper into the skin for a hydrating effect. Synthetic HA can also be injected into the skin to temporarily add volume, contour, and smooth lines and wrinkles.

Hyaluronic acid-based fillers “are biocompatible, which means it’s made with a clear, gelatinous substance that’s essentially the same sugar molecule that surrounds the cells in your body,” Dr. Burns explains. Because it is made with a substance your body recognizes, the body perceives the filler as part of itself. That means there’s less chance for a negative reaction from the tissue into which you’re injecting the filler.

There are several brands of cosmetic HA filler on the market (each with a host of sub-products that target specific aesthetic concerns), and your provider will help you determine which is best for your needs. A few of common HA fillers are:

- [Juvéderm®](https://aedit.com/procedure/juvederm)
- [Restylane®](https://aedit.com/procedure/restylane)
- [RHA®](https://aedit.com/aedition/new-injectables-neurotoxins-fillers-for-face-body)
- [Belotero®](https://aedit.com/procedure/belotero)

As for those versions we mentioned, each has different viscosities and target areas. Juvéderm®, for example, has Juvéderm® XC for lines and wrinkles, Voluma for cheek augmentation, [Volbella for lips](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-to-know-before-getting-lip-filler-for-the-first-time) (to name a few). Restylane®, meanwhile, has [Contour](https://aedit.com/aedition/restylane-contour-cheek-filler), Refyne, Defyne, Kysse, Lyft, Silk, which are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat different parts of the face and hands. The lightweight Kysse is designed to mimic the natural feel of your lips; the stronger Lyft is used for cheeks and jawline. 

Another reason HA fillers are so popular? They’re temporary and [reversible](https://aedit.com/aedition/hyaluronidase-to-dissolve-dermal-filler). Depending on the product, treatment area, and patient’s metabolism, hyaluronic acid-based fillers generally last six to 12 months. Over that timespan, the HA naturally degrades and gets absorbed by the body. That breakdown can be sped up with an injection of [hyaluronidase](https://aedit.com/procedure/hyaluronidase), an enzyme that dissolves HA. The ability to undo and/or refine results is especially helpful for patients who are new to filler, Dr. Burns says, and may be nervous about the effect. 

## **How Biostimulatory Injectables Work**
Here’s where the term ‘filler’ becomes a bit of a misnomer. “Biostimulants do some volume filling, but really their primary focus is to stimulate the collagen that’s already in your skin,” explains [Esther Yoonah Kim, MD](https://www.aiplasticsurgery.com/esther-yoonah-kim-md/), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in southern California. The injection is designed to “produce a controlled inflammatory response” and “recruit the inflammatory cells … including those that make collagen,” she explains. That newly produced collagen is permanent.

Unlike HA-based fillers, which are absorbed into the body, the [collagen](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-collagen-in-skincare-supplements-aesthetic-medicine) created by biostimulatory injectables remains. Instead of providing an instant plumping effect, these injections stimulate the body’s own processes for longer-term smoothing and volumizing. “By their nature, biostimulants are thicker,” Dr. Kim says. As such, “they’re not good for areas that require a super soft touch,” she adds. That includes the [lips](https://aedit.com/aedition/what-to-know-before-getting-lip-filler-for-the-first-time) and [under eyes](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-i-quit-crying-about-my-tear-troughs) — two areas of concern for many folks coming into her office. 

But that’s not to say biostimulants don’t serve a purpose. Some popular options include:

- **Sculptra®**: Made from poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), a suture material used in surgical operations, [Sculptra®](https://aedit.com/procedure/sculptra) is most commonly injected into the temples, mid-face, nasolabial folds, and areas of the body (think: [knees](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-cosmetic-procedures-for-knees), buttocks).
- **Radiesse®**: This injectable is made of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHa), which is “a mineral-like substance that’s one of the ingredients in your bones,” Dr. Kim says. [Radiesse®](https://aedit.com/procedure/radiesse) is often injected into areas that have become bony, like hands or cheeks.
- **Bellafill®**: Made from polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads and cow collagen (requiring allergy testing before use), [Bellafill®](https://aedit.com/procedure/bellafill) can be injected into depressed acne scars and nasolabial folds.

No matter what they are made of, all biostimulants have similar response-inducing properties. Generally speaking, the visible results of biostimulatory injectables last 12 to 24 months, at which point they can be touched up. So, while they [require less maintenance](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-frequently-to-get-non-surgical-cosmetic-procedures-like-dermal-filler-botox-chemical-peel) than HA fillers, they do have a higher upfront [cost per syringe](https://aedit.com/procedure/sculptra/cost) and it can take six weeks or more to start seeing results.

Another key difference? Unlike HA fillers, biostimulants cannot be dissolved or reversed. Since the purpose and results of biostimulatory injectables are quite different, it is important to discuss your options with a provider who understands your desired results.

## **Which Injectable Is Best for Me?**
Now that you know the difference between HA filler and biostimulants, you may be wondering how to determine which type is right for you. “The area of concern will dictate the conversation quite a bit,” says Kim. As we mentioned, HA fillers are best for the [lips](https://aedit.com/procedure/temporary-lip-fillers) and [tear troughs](https://aedit.com/procedure/under-eye-filler), but location isn’t the only factor.

If you’re new to injectables, your provider will likely recommend starting with a hyaluronic acid-based filler. “The benefit of HA is that it’s so forgiving, flexible, good for anybody, and good for almost all parts of the face,” Dr. Kim notes. It also offers immediate results, whereas biostimulant patients may not notice a change for a month or more. With that said, if you’re seeking a semi-permanent anti-aging effect on “deeper areas” like the nasolabial folds, marionette lines, or chin, biostimulatory injections may be the best choice. 

As always, an open and honest consultation with a board certified provider about your aesthetic goals and concerns should be the best determinant.

Aesthetics

Confused about the difference between hyaluronic acid-based fillers and biostimulatory injectables? We’re here to help.

The Difference Between Hyaluronic Acid-Based Filler And Biostimulatory Injectables In Aesthetic Medicine

Hyaluronic Acid Filler vs. Biostimulatory Injectables: Which One Is Right For Me?

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Soft wax strips have long-dominated the [hair removal market](https://aedit.com/procedure/hair-removal-solutions), but more and more methods are becoming mainstream and quickly gaining popularity. Whether it's an updated take on traditional [waxing](https://aedit.com/procedure/waxing) or a modern iteration of ancient sugaring, all of these hair removal options do the job (and have some level of pain — let’s just get that out of the way up front!). 

With that said, some techniques are better suited for particular areas of the body and specific hair types than others. So, if you’ve ever wondered about the difference between all of these wax and sugaring options, we’re answering your burning questions.

## **Soft Wax Strips** 
- **The Method**: Wax strips (a.k.a. soft wax) is probably what you most associate with the term ‘waxing.’ The method involves heating up wax and applying it to the desired area with a wooden stick or applicator. Once the hot wax has adhered to the skin and hair, a paper or cloth strip is used to remove it from the body. Because the process also removes the first layer of skin, you can only go over an area once. To ‘clean up’ any remaining hairs, light tweezing is often employed. Compared to some of the other hair removal options, soft wax is generally considered a little more painful and a little more likely to cause irritation. So, if you have [sensitive skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-sensitive-vs-sensitized-skin), you might want to skip the strips!
- **The Ingredients**: As you may have suspected, soft wax is made of beeswax. It also usually has rosin, essential oils, and other ingredients to help soothe and moisturize the skin.
- **The Benefits**: Wax strips are quick and efficient, making soft wax ideal for treating larger areas (think: the arms and legs). It also tends to be the most affordable option on this list. 
- **Best For**: Large areas; those on a budget

## **Hard Wax** 
- **The Method**: If you’ve been a loyalist to soft wax strips, the idea of hard wax may be, well, hard to grasp at first (it was shocking — in a good way — the first time I tried it). Unlike soft wax, which requires a paper strip or cloth to be placed on top of the wax to remove it, hard wax does not. The wax hardens enough that it can double as the hair remover *and* strip. 
- **The Ingredients**: Like soft wax, hard wax is also made from beeswax. At [European Wax Center](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwaxcenter.com%2F), for example, the wax features a proprietary blend of beeswax and other European-sourced ingredients to soothe the treatment areas. “This wax is specifically designed to make waxing more comfortable,” notes EWC manager Gina Petak.
- **The Benefits**: According to Petak, a huge benefit of hard wax is that it adheres to the hair — not the skin. “This allows the wax to be placed over the same spot multiple times without skin damage, ensuring all the hairs are removed,” she says. As a result, many people experience less pain and irritation compared to soft wax, and I would have to agree. Another benefit of European Wax Center’s hard wax is its deep violet color that makes it much easier to see against skin. As a result, I find that there is a lot less waxy residue!
- **Best For**: Sensitive skin; all parts of the body; coarse hair

## **Film Wax** 
- **The Method**: Similar to traditional hard wax, a strip is not needed to remove film wax. At [Amazing Lash Studio](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazinglashstudio.com%2F) a wooden applicator is used to apply the film wax. “Stylists create a ‘lip’  — or thicker edge/tab — when applying the wax,” explains stylist educator Mariah. “Once dry, that lip acts as a tab to lift and remove the hardened wax from the skin.”
- **The Ingredients**: Film wax is a hybrid of soft wax and hard wax, which Mariah says offers “the best of both worlds.” At Amazing Lash Studio, the formula features hydrogenated polycyclopentadiene, a synthetic resin that serves as the sticky base for the wax and also allows it to be applied in a thin, film-like consistency. Paraffin, meanwhile, helps soften the skin and prevent irritation. There is no beeswax in the Amazing Lash Studio film wax, but other formulas on the market may contain it. 
- **The Benefits**: “Our pink film wax is very gentle on the skin, as it only clings to the hair,” she explains. As a result, technicians can reapply wax to the same area of the body if there is any hair remaining.
- **Best For**: Sensitive skin; all parts of the body

## **Sugaring** 
- **The Method**: While new to many of us, sugaring is actually an ancient method of hair removal that dates back to Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece. Instead of using wax, sugaring uses an organic ball of paste to remove hair — no strips or spatulas required. The technician works in smaller areas than in waxing, removing small amounts of hair more frequently. Overall, the pain level is considered more tolerable compared to traditional wax, but, when I first started sugaring, the constant pulling was a lot. My aesthetician regularly checked in to see if I needed a break, and the sensation became much more manageable after a few sessions.
- **The Ingredients**: “Sugaring utilizes a paste made from just three ingredients: sugar, lemon juice, and water,” explains Jade Haifa, master aesthetician at [DAPHNE Studio](https://daphne.studio/) in New York City. “It has no chemicals, fragrance, or coloring added, and it’s also hypoallergenic.”
- **The Benefits**: Haifa recommends “sugaring over waxing for those with sensitive and reactive skin” thanks to the simplicity of the formula and the fact that it is applied at room temperature (unlike hot wax). And then there are the results. “Sugaring pulls hair out by the root, and, because of this, the bulb will have to regrow and you won’t see hair resurfacing for a few weeks,” she explains. “The more frequently you go, the follicles get weaker with less blood flow to the area. Over time, hair becomes thinner and less noticeable.” 
- **Best For**: Sensitive skin; smaller areas (except eyebrows)

## **Preparing For Your Hair Removal Treatment**
The preparation for all waxing and sugaring treatments is the same. You need to avoid the sun for 24 hours before the session and make sure hair is about quarter of an inch long (think: the length of a grain of rice). “This helps prevent breakage of hair, which can lead to ingrowns,” Haifa says. For most people, that is about five days worth of hair growth, so don’t shave in the days leading up to your appointment. “Don’t worry, your hair can never be too long to come see us,” Petak notes. “All of our wax specialists are expertly trained to work with all hair and skin types.”

For the best possible experience, Haifa also recommends limiting your caffeine and alcohol intake “to prevent your pores from tightening the day of your appointment.” Depending on your pain tolerance, you may also want to consider skipping your workout on the day of your session. 
“[Exercise] accelerates blood flow, which can make you more sensitive to pain,” she cautions.

If you are wondering whether or not you should exfoliate prior to waxing and sugaring, the answer depends on the treatment area. To maximize results, Petak suggests exfoliating one to two days before waxing to remove dead skin and prevent ingrown hairs. She recommends the non-abrasive [EWC Treat Face & Body Exfoliating Gel](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwaxcenter.com%2Fcollections%2Ftreat%2Fproducts%2Fface-body-exfoliating-gel), which features pineapple fruit extract, aloe, and a cocktail of vitamins A, C, and E to smooth skin. The [EWC Treat Ingrown Hair Serum](https://waxcenter.com/collections/treat/products/ingrown-hair-serum), meanwhile, keeps the area bump-free in-between appointments thanks to a gently exfoliating blend of [glycolic acid](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-glycolic-acid-for-body), lavender, vitamin E, and chamomile. When it comes to the face, however, Mariah recommends not exfoliating or scheduling any other facial services within 24 hours of treatment.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Beauty

Strips, film, hard wax, sugaring. When it comes to hair removal, there is a growing array of options. We’re breaking down everything you need to know.

Guide To Waxing And Sugaring For Hair Removal

Waxing vs. Sugaring: What’s The Difference Between The Hair Removal Treatments?

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*Deciding to go under the knife or needle for any reason is, needless to say, a big decision. What’s the best way to make a big decision? Arm yourself with as much information as possible. In this series, [Ask AEDIT](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/ask-aedit), we break down the best questions to ask before choosing to undergo aesthetic treatments and procedures with expert insight from the providers that perform them.*

Wanting your pre-baby body back — after the triumphant wave of the miracle of childbirth subsides, of course — is an extremely relatable sentiment. In fact, the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) [reports](https://www.plasticsurgery.org/documents/News/Statistics/2019/plastic-surgery-statistics-full-report-2019.pdf) that three out of the five most performed surgical procedures for women in 2019 — breast augmentation, liposuction, and tummy tuck — make up the crux of the so-called ‘[mommy makeover](https://aedit.com/concern/mommy-makeover).’ 

Despite its cute moniker, it is an intensive surgery that combines multiple procedures into one fell swoop operation. So, what procedures does a mommy makeover include, specifically? Well, that depends on who you ask. “There are a ton of variations to a mommy makeover,” says [David Sieber, MD](https://www.instagram.com/dr.davidsieber/?hl=en), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in San Francisco. “There’s a lot going on, and it’s serious in the fact that it’s a longer procedure because they’re having so much done at once.”

One thing all providers can agree on? There is a lot of room for interpretation. “A [mommy makeover](https://aedit.com/procedure/mommy-makeover-solutions) is a general term to describe a constellation of procedures, but most commonly addresses the patient’s abdomen and breasts,” says Manhattan-based double board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon, [David Shafer, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/david-shafer-md-153), noting that a stomach’s lingering round appearance months after childbirth is due to the separation of the abdominal muscles ([diastasis recti](https://aedit.com/aedition/diastasis-recti-repair-abdominal-separation-post-pregnancy-weight-loss)) during pregnancy and can only be restored surgically.  

If a mommy makeover is on your radar now or sometime down the road, you likely have a lot of questions. Below, we are breaking down the most important #realtalk topics to ask yourself *and* your surgeon — from aligning on specific goals to the surgical and recovery plans, and everything in between.

### **1. Ask yourself: Do I know what a mommy makeover actually is?**
Before you can know if it’s the surgery you want, you need all the deets first. “For me, a mommy makeover usually consists of [liposuction](https://aedit.com/procedure/liposuction) — most commonly the abdomen and flanks — the [tummy tuck](https://aedit.com/procedure/abdominoplasty), and then some sort of breast surgery, which could mean augmentation or just a lift,” Dr. Sieber explains. The breast procedure could be a [breast lift](https://aedit.com/aedition/mastopexy-breast-lift-after-pregnancy-breastfeeding), [breast augmentation](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-augmentation-solutions), [fat transfer](https://aedit.com/aedition/hybrid-breast-augmentation-with-implants-fat-transfer), [breast reduction](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-reduction-and-revision-solutions), or some combination. “Basically, the breast surgery, whatever it is, restores loss of volume after having children and/or removing extra skin as a result of breastfeeding,” he says.

And then there are add-on procedures that are a little less common but can still be thrown into the mommy makeover mix. Those include [vaginal rejuvenation](https://aedit.com/procedure/vaginal-rejuvenation-solutions), [labiaplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/labiaplasty), or even just additional areas for liposuction (think: the thighs or arms) and are all “pretty easy to add on at the same time,” Dr. Sieber shares.

### **2. Ask yourself: What are my ultimate goals?**
Your body goals and what you’d like your figure to resemble post-op after everything settles will determine your surgical plan. “The procedures depend on the patient’s anatomy and desired results,” Dr. Shafer explains. 

Take the breasts, for example. “If a patient has small breasts, an A or B cup, then often [breast implants](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-augmentation-with-implants) are enough to improve the shape, size, and give a slight lift,” he says. But, if the breasts are drooping, “then a lift would be necessary.” For a patient seeking “larger and lifted breasts,” meanwhile, “a breast lift *and* implants are performed,” he adds. During your [consultation](https://aedit.com/aedition/questions-to-ask-your-doctor-during-plastic-surgery-consultation), be sure to share your ideal outcomes and then ask what results are reasonable for your body and lifestyle.

### **3. Ask your doctor: I had a C-section. Can I still get a mommy makeover?**
In a word: Absolutely. “A c-section scar is often a reason why patients want a tummy tuck,” Dr. Shafer says. “The [c-section scar](https://aedit.com/aedition/invasive-non-invasive-procedures-to-fix-appearance-of-c-section-scar) creates a point of adherence to the underlying tissue, which often leads to a shelf of loose tissue hanging over the skin.” One of the main reasons for this? No skin is removed during the c-section, so it leaves the stretched skin to sag. “When I perform a tummy tuck or an abdominoplasty, I remove the c-section scar and work to make the incision at or below the level of the c-section incision,” Dr. Shafer notes.    

### **4. Ask yourself: How much time do I have for recovery?**
Dr. Sieber does not mince words when it comes to getting real about recovering from a mommy makeover: “You’re going to be very, very uncomfortable.” Both surgeons say that recovery varies from person to person and is influenced by their age and overall health, but all patients should expect antibiotics and [narcotics](https://aedit.com/aedition/opioid-crisis-plastic-surgery-recovery-pain-management) to ensure that the pain — especially the first few days post-surgery — is tolerable. Dr. Sieber adds that patients “definitely need to plan for a mommy makeover” and will need a 24/7 support person. That person can be a partner, sibling, friend, or [professional caretaker](https://aedit.com/aedition/plastic-surgery-recovery-nursing-concierge) for the first two to three days post-surgery because “you really need to have someone there who can help take care of you.” 

Dr. Shafer has his patients wear [compression garments](https://aedit.com/aedition/benefits-of-compression-garments-after-cosmetic-surgery) for six to eight weeks and tells them to hold off on lifting children or heavy items for about six weeks as well in order to avoid engaging the core abdominal muscles while they’re healing. “Most of the [swelling](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-minimize-swelling-after-cosmetic-surgery) and [bruising](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-treat-prevent-bruising-after-lasers-filler-botox) will resolve in the first few weeks,” he says. “Patients will start to feel like themselves again and get back to work and their regular activities, but still need to do incision care and dressing changes.” In the months following the surgery, Dr. Shafer recommends lasers and other in-office technologies for incision treatment and [scar reduction](https://aedit.com/aedition/minimizing-scars-after-surgery). 

While swelling subsides over the first few months, the sutures Dr. Sieber uses for a mommy makeover last up to six months before dissolving. “So, even though patients are feeling a little better, if they turn a certain way and feel a tug from the suture, they get zingers from the nerves,” he explains. “There are a lot of little annoying things that will randomly happen three to six months after surgery.”

### **5. Ask yourself: Am I planning to have more children?**
If you are looking to [maximize your experience](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-aesthetic-procedures-to-combine-to-maximize-appointments) under the knife, a mommy makeover surgery is the most time-, cost-, and recovery-effective for women who have no plans for future children, according to Dr. Sieber. Needless to say, surprises happen, so rest assured that a future pregnancy wouldn’t disqualify you as a candidate for a mommy makeover — it would just reverse the results as the abdomen re-expands and body changes.

### **6. Ask yourself: Am I still breastfeeding?**
“The usual rule of thumb is you want to be done breastfeeding for six months before doing any type of breast surgery,” Dr. Sieber shares. As he explains, you want all the milk glands to be done producing milk because, if you perform a breast surgery when the patient is still lactating, you could get milk in the wound. That “increases the risk of getting a bacterial contamination or other infections,” he cautions. If you’re super eager to get your pre-baby body back, a mommy makeover can be performed six to eight weeks after discontinuing breastfeeding, Dr. Shafer says.

### **7. Ask your doctor: Should I do all the procedures I want at once?**
Since a mommy makeover combines several procedures, it is generally one of the more [time-consuming aesthetic surgeries](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-surgical-and-non-surgical-cosmetic-procedures-to-combine). In fact, Dr. Sieber reserves his entire day when a mommy makeover is scheduled because they can take upwards of five hours. 

After he aligns with patients on the intense recovery, time in the OR is the next hurdle. “The question to ask is how long it’s going to take the surgeon to complete the procedure,” he explains. “Mommy makeovers can vary a lot, so it can be anywhere from four to seven hours.” Generally speaking, surgeons will only perform the procedures they know they can fit into a six-hour period to minimize risk. “One thing you definitely don’t want is a surgery longer than six or seven hours because the risk of complications gets higher,” Dr. Sieber cautions.

As a result, one surgery for several complicated procedures sometimes isn’t worth the gamble. Dr. Shafer says that it’s “not uncommon to stagger the procedures.” In such cases, a breast surgery may be performed first and then followed by the abdomen procedure six to 12 weeks later. Safety is, obviously, the number one priority and working with a [board certified provider](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology) who specializes in mommy makeover surgeries will help to ensure you receive the best treatment for your needs.

If you’re curious about a mommy makeover, start by asking yourself and your potential surgeon these crucial questions to evaluate how the procedure — from preparation to final result — translates into real life.

Mommy Makeover Surgery Questions: Procedures, Benefits, Recovery, Safety

7 Questions To Ask Before Booking A Mommy Makeover

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A good [chemical peel](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-superficial-medium-deep-chemical-peels) can totally reset your skin — helping brighten pigmentation and dullness, reduce the appearance of large pores and fine lines, and improve tone and texture. They can also cause quite a bit of, well, peeling and leave skin feeling raw for some time afterwards. The good news? There are different kinds of peels that treat [different layers of the skin](https://aedit.com/aedition/ultimate-guide-to-skin-resurfacing-procedures), which means a dermatologist can tailor a treatment to directly address your skin concerns and [skin type](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-fitzpatrick-skin-types). So, what are the questions to ask? Ahead, top dermatologists speak to the most important intel to have pre-peel.  

### **1. What is a chemical peel?** 
If you’ve ever used a [chemical exfoliator](https://aedit.com/aedition/difference-between-medical-grade-chemical-peels-at-home-exfoliators) (think: a glycolic acid toner or a lactic acid serum), then you’ve used ingredients similar to those in a peel. A medical-grade chemical peel, however, exposes the ingredients we use at home to be quite weak in comparison to what happens when they’re applied professionally. “Chemical peels refer to a type of topical resurfacing in which a chemical exfoliant is applied to the skin to induce controlled skin injury at a certain depth, leading to subsequent skin regrowth,” explains [Marisa Garshick, MD](https://www.mdcsnyc.com/provider/marisa-k-garshick-md), New York City-based, board certified dermatologist.

### **2. What are the different types of chemical peels?**
There are three categories of professional chemical peels: 

1. [Superficial chemical peels](https://aedit.com/procedure/superficial-chemical-peels) 
2. [Medium chemical peels](https://aedit.com/procedure/medium-depth-chemical-peels)
3. [Deep chemical peels](https://aedit.com/procedure/deep-chemical-peels) 

“These terms describe how deeply the peels penetrate into the skin,” says [Sejal Shah, MD](https://smarterskindermatology.com/about-us/sejal-shah-md/), a board certified dermatologist in NYC. Superficial peels penetrate only the epidermis (a.k.a. the outermost layer of skin); medium-depth peels affect the entire epidermis and a portion of the papillary dermis (upper to mid-dermis); and deep peels aim to penetrate to the level of the mid-reticular dermis (deeper part of the dermis). 

### **3. What ingredients are found in chemical peels?**
The depth, however, isn’t the only differentiating factor among peels. There’s also the ingredients — or cocktail of ingredients — used. As Dr. Garshick explains, superficial chemical peels often contain: 

- [Alpha hydroxy acids](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-topical-alpha-hydroxy-acids-in-skincare) (like glycolic, lactic, and mandelic)
- [Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)](https://aedit.com/procedure/tca-peel) 
- Beta hydroxy acids (read: [salicylic acid](https://aedit.com/procedure/salicylic-acid-peel))
- [Retinol](https://aedit.com/aedition/guide-to-vitamin-a-retinol-retinoids-in-skincare) 

Superficial [glycolic peels](https://aedit.com/procedure/glycolic-peel) may have a concentration of anywhere from 20 to 50 percent. Lactic acid peels fall in the 20 to 30 percent range. TCA can be used to produce deeper results, but, at superficial strength, it’ll be found at 10 to 20 percent. Needless to say, those percentages increase as you wish to increase the intensity of the peel. “Medium to deep peels penetrate to the mid to deep dermis,” Dr. Garshick explains. The most common? TCA peels at 35 to 50 percent, “which may also be used in combination with other ingredients such as Jessner's solution or glycolic acid,” she adds. (Note: [Jessner’s solution](https://aedit.com/procedure/jessners-peel) includes salicylic acid, resorcinol, lactic acid, and ethanol.) 

### **4. Who is (and isn’t) a good candidate for a chemical peel?**
Superficial chemical peels are generally considered safe and effective for most skin types. Medium and deep peels require a bit more caution. If you’re dealing with photo damage, actinic keratoses (i.e. rough patches that can be considered precancerous), sun spots, fine lines, wrinkles, and discoloration, Dr. Garshick says you may be a good candidate for a medium-deep peel. Medium strength peels can also be good for patients looking to smooth [acne scars](https://aedit.com/aedition/best-professional-treatments-for-acne-and-acne-scars). 

But it’s important to consider your medical history. If you have a history of keloids or hypertrophic scars, have used certain acne treatments in the past year, have very sensitive or easily irritated skin, you may *not* be a good candidate, Dr. Shah notes. Finally, patients with [darker skin tones](https://aedit.com/aedition/the-best-skin-treatments-for-dark-complexions) must be more cautious, as deeper peels pose risks for post-inflammatory pigmentation. 

### **5. Is there downtime after a chemical peel?**
After a superficial chemical peel, you can expect to see about a week of flaking, but it shouldn’t impact your daily routine too much. When it comes to more potent peels, Dr. Shah says to expect up to a week of downtime after a medium chemical peel and up to two weeks after certain deeper peels. You’ll likely experience physical skin peeling for five to seven days and the skin may be pink or red. “While the worst of that will subside within one to two weeks, some may experience some residual erythema (or pinkness of the skin) for up to three to four weeks,” Dr. Garshick notes. “Some individuals may also experience some swelling in the first one to two days.”

### **6. What kind of results can be expected from a chemical peel?**
That said, if you can handle a week or two of downtime — the results of a medium and deep chemical peel can be impressive. Positive outcomes can include “improvements in fine lines, wrinkles, texture, hyperpigmentation, sun damage, acne, dullness, and overall skin complexion,” Dr. Shah says. Even at the more superficial end of the spectrum, you can expect to see some improvement in skin brightness, tone, and texture.

### **7. What kind of post-peel care is involved?**
In the case of superficial chemical peels, a temporary change to your skincare routine (think: laying off sensitizing products like retinol for a few days) may be suggested post-peel. Deeper peels will require more care, and your provider will likely provide thorough instructions. “Immediately after the peel, ice soaked gauze may be applied to the skin or you may be provided with a fan to help keep the skin feeling cool,” Dr. Garshick shares, adding that a thin layer of petrolatum (read: Vaseline) or wound-healing cream is often applied. It is especially important to avoid the sun and use strict [sun protection](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-to-apply-sunscreen-and-not-miss-a-spot). She likes [EltaMD UV Replenish](https://go.skimresources.com?id=170670X1638612&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dermstore.com%2Fproduct_UV%2BReplenish%2BBroadSpectrum%2BSPF%2B44_77897.htm) to minimize post-inflammatory discoloration and protect the new, fresh layer of skin. 

Regardless of what kind of peel you choose, Dr. Shah has some key behavioral suggestions for your post-peel care routine: 

1. **Don’t Touch**: “Avoid touching, picking, rubbing, or peeling the sloughing skin,” she says.
2. **Keep It Clean**: Use a gentle cleanser to keep the skin as clean as possible.
3. **Moisturize**: You can even apply and reapply throughout the day if skin feels dry or tight. “Sometimes I will even recommend a mild hydrocortisone,” Dr. Shah adds. 
4. **Be Gentle**: Skip exfoliation (chemical and physical) while your skin heels.
5. **Stay Protected**: For good measure, we’ll remind you one more time — be extra diligent with your SPF application. 

Don’t be shy about asking your provider for their pre- and post-peel skincare tips to ensure you maximize your results.

*All products featured are independently selected by our editors, however, AEDIT may receive a commission on items purchased through our links.*

Expert Opinion

From the potency to the post-peel care process, these are some frequently asked chemical peel questions answered by top dermatologists.

Chemical Peel Questions: Benefits, Ingredients, Downtime, Results

7 Questions To Ask Before Getting A Professional Chemical Peel

tamara-bellis-uN1m9Ca0aqo-unsplash

*Deciding to go under the knife or needle for any reason is, needless to say, a big decision. What’s the best way to make a big decision? Arm yourself with as much information as possible. In this series, [Ask AEDIT](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/ask-aedit), we break down the best questions to ask before choosing to undergo aesthetic treatments and procedures with expert insight from the providers that perform them.*

First things first, the most important thing to know about [vaginoplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/vaginoplasty) is that it doesn’t actually refer to one specific surgery so much as it’s an umbrella term for a number of cosmetic gynecology procedures. “It can range from surgically removing skin and improving the appearance of the outer part of the vagina all the way to internal surgery to improve the bladder, pelvis, or areas related to sexual gratification,” explains [Jason Emer, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/jason-emer-md-722), a board certified cosmetic dermatologist in West Hollywood. As a result, women seek vaginoplasty to address both functional and aesthetic concerns. 

Regardless of your motivation for considering the procedure, we’ve tapped top providers to answer the most frequently asked questions about vaginoplasty. 

### **1. How Should I Choose a Provider to Perform Vaginoplasty?**
As with any procedure — but *especially* a procedure in such a sensitive area — doing your homework is critical. Consider factors including a doctor’s experience and training (make sure they are [board certified](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology)), how often they perform the procedure, and how comfortable you feel with them and their practice. Feel free to ask for patient testimonials and to see before and after photos. 

### **2. What Are the Benefits of Vaginoplasty After Pregnancy?**
It should come as no surprise that vaginoplasty is often a part of a so-called [mommy makeover](https://aedit.com/aedition/the-mommy-makeover-how-to-bounce-back-after-a-baby). “Among pregnant women, more than 70 percent will have a vaginal delivery,” explains [Falguni Patel, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/falguni-patel-md-30436), a board certified gynecologist and vaginal rejuvenation specialist in Matawan, New Jersey. “The trauma that the pelvic floor endures in that process is sometimes not recovered. As a result, the most common complaint is that sex isn’t the same anymore.” Vaginoplasty can, to a certain extent, “restore sexual youth,” she says, and that is a primary reason women want these surgeries. “The vaginal muscles are tightened in layers and excess tissue is removed,” she explains, which brings the vagina to a place more similar to where it was pre-pregnancy.  

### **3. Who Is a Good Candidate for Vaginoplasty?**
As mentioned, there are a number of factors (both physiological and aesthetic) that lead women to pursue vaginoplasty. “Anyone who is unhappy with the outer apperance of their vagina (perhaps there is loose skin or sagging), anyone who has desire to improve their sex life, or anyone who wishes to tighten the vagina” is a good candidate, according to Dr. Emer. Those with symptoms of urinary incontinence or pelvic floor issues are also good candidates, though, he notes, they may need more complex treatments. In such cases, the patient can “have a cosmetic improvement performed at the same time as a medical functional treatment,” he says. When there are medical concerns, they should first be evaluated by a gynecologist.

On the flip side, you are not a good candidate for vaginoplasty if you are still planning to have children. “The layers of repair will most likely be injured with another delivery,” Dr. Patel says. She does, however, recommend vaginoplasty for “any woman who has completed childbirth and is seeking pleasure during intercourse again.”

### **4. How Do You Prepare for a Vaginoplasty?**
“Prior to the surgery, I like to recommend to my patients that they start stool softeners to avoid straining post-surgery,” Dr. Patel says. “Even if they don’t suffer with constipation, some may have constipation from narcotic use for post pain management.” Additionally, essential preparation before *any* surgery involves smoking cessation (if applicable), as well as discontinuing the use NSAIDs and medications with anticoagulant properties, “including [supplements and vitamins](https://aedit.com/aedition/vitamins-supplements-to-avoid-before-cosmetic-surgery) such as fish oil, garlic, turmeric, vitamin E, and red wine, for at least seven days prior to the surgery,” she explains. 

### **5. What Are the Risks Associated With Vaginoplasty?**
“As with all surgical procedures, there are inherent risks,” explains [Douglas Monasebian, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/douglas-monasebian-md-200), a New York City-based plastic and reconstructive surgeon. “Bleeding and infection are always possible complications of surgery. Swelling and bruising is common after surgery but temporary.” In the case of all cosmetic gynecology procedures, there is the possibility of decreased sensation. “There is a risk for slightly sensory disturbance, but this is very minimal,” he says, adding the surgery is generally a “predictable” one. 

### **6. Does Insurance Cover Vaginoplasty?**
Most of the time, no, [insurance does not cover](https://aedit.com/aedition/insurance-coverage-for-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-procedures) vaginoplasty because it is considered cosmetic surgery. That said, there are some cases in which vaginoplasty is deemed medically necessary. Generally, this is the case when there are issues including “pain, function, or refractory infections around the vagina,” Dr. Monasebian explains. Before sure to consult with your provider and insurance company about whether your procedure qualifies.

### **7. How Does Vaginoplasty Impact Sexual Health?**
Vaginoplasty can improve sexual health and sexual pleasure. In fact, Dr. Patel says more than 99 percent of her patients find it has a positive impact. Fertility is not impacted, but sex may become more pleasurable. If it was previously painful, that discomfort is often resolved. 

### **8. What Is It Like to Recover from Vaginoplasty?**
Discomfort is common in the initial 24 to 72 hours post-surgery, though it is typically managed with pain medications. Generally, patients are advised to avoid sex for at least a month. “I routinely put patients on antibiotics to prevent any infections in the post-operative period,” Dr. Monasebian notes. Three to six weeks of post-op recovery are required before [exercise](https://aedit.com/aedition/when-to-start-exercising-again-after-cosmetic-surgery-procedures) and sex are allowed.

From insurance coverage to sexual health, these are some frequently asked questions about vaginoplasty answered by top surgeons.

Vaginoplasty Questions: Sexual Health, Insurance, Recovery, Safety

8 Questions To Ask Before Getting A Vaginoplasty

juli-kosolapova-bqirdOGHvYQ-unsplash

*Deciding to go under the knife or needle for any reason is, needless to say, a big decision. What’s the best way to make a big decision? Arm yourself with as much information as possible. In this series, [Ask AEDIT](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/ask-aedit), we break down the best questions to ask before choosing to undergo aesthetic treatments and procedures with expert insight from the providers that perform them.*

Needless to say, cosmetic gynecology addresses a sensitive area, so it’s something to approach with an educated perspective. It’s also more popular than ever, and [labiaplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/labiaplasty) is the most common procedure. Put simply, a labiaplasty is a “surgery performed when someone is seeking to reduce the labia minora or the labia majora,” says [Falguni Patel, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/falguni-patel-md-30436), a board certified gynecologist and vaginal rejuvenation specialist in Matawan, New Jersey. 

For many women, this procedure carries both aesthetic and functional benefits. “The goal is to reduce the size of the labia minora in order to improve symptoms such as difficulty with exercise, hygiene, urinary tract infections, sexual activity, and other physical activity,” explains [Lauren Chmielewski, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/lauren-chmielewski-md-143), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in New York City. “It is also done to improve the aesthetic appearance of an enlarged labia due to childbirth, aging, sexual activity, and genetics.”

Regardless of your motivation for considering the procedure, we’ve tapped top surgeons to answer the most frequently asked questions about labiaplasty. 

### **1. What Should I Consider When Choosing A Surgeon to Perform Labiaplasty?**
Like any surgery, you’ll want to look for a board certified plastic surgeon or gynecologist who specializes in [vaginal rejuvenation](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vaginal-rejuvenation). Because this is a surgery in a sensitive area, it’s especially important to [find a surgeon](https://aedit.com/aedition/finding-the-right-plastic-surgeon-dermatologist-or-cosmetic-dentist) you feel comfortable with. “It is very important that, when choosing a surgeon, you not only feel comfortable with them, but that they understand what you are seeking and have the experience to deliver,” says [Tanya Judge, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/tanya-judge-md-6351), a San Francisco-based board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon. 

### **2. Who Is a Good Candidate for Labiaplasty?**
Generally speaking, “patients who are healthy with no major health problems are good candidates,” Dr. Judge explains. “[Smokers](https://aedit.com/aedition/impact-of-cigarette-smoking-vaping-on-skin-hair-teeth-health) are not good candidates, as smoking impairs wound healing.” Women with a longer labia minora that causes discomfort in tighter clothing (think: yoga pants, swimsuits, etc), physical activity, and during sex are all potential patients. If the labia was injured during childbirth, labiaplasty and other [vaginal rejuvenation procedures](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vaginal-rejuvenation) may be part of a so-called [mommy makeover](https://aedit.com/aedition/the-mommy-makeover-how-to-bounce-back-after-a-baby) treatment plan.

### **3. What Happens During Labiaplasty?**
If you are considering labiaplasty, you may be comforted to know that it is considered a very “predictable” procedure. Labiaplasty is an outpatient surgery that typically takes around two hours. After anesthesia (usually local), surgeons proceed with trimming the excess tissue that was marked prior to sedation. “When the trim is complete, the tissues have been re-approximated with sutures that will dissolve and are hiding within the tissue,” Dr. Judge explains. As a result, you won’t need to worry about having stitches removed. “There is nothing to take out after the procedure,” she says.

### **4. What Are the Risks Associated With Labiaplasty?**
All surgical procedures come with risks. In the case of labiaplasty, the most common complication is wound dehiscence — “a fancy term for ‘your incision opened up,’” Dr. Judge says. Usually, this is prevented by the way the wounds are stitched, which is why it is important to find a provider who has experience with the procedure.

### **5. Does Insurance Cover Labiaplasty?**
Despite having functional benefits, labiaplasty is usually considered cosmetic and, therefore, [not covered by insurance](https://aedit.com/aedition/insurance-coverage-for-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-procedures). However, “a medical procedure is deemed medically necessary when it can improve the health and well-being of a patient,” notes [Douglas Monasebian, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/douglas-monasebian-md-200), a NYC-based plastic and reconstructive surgeon. As he explains, some medical indications for labiaplasty include pain from the labia rubbing against undergarments, discomfort during intercourse, and the presence of infection around the labia minora. “Another soft indication would be psychological disturbance,” he adds.

### **6. What Is the Labiaplasty Recovery Process Like?**
The recovery process after a labiaplasty is, as Dr. Judge says, “fast, simple, and straightforward,” though “you are a couch potato for the first week.” During that period of downtime, patients are advised to shower daily, pat the area dry, and apply antibiotic ointment throughout the day, in addition to icing the area. After the first seven days, patients can get up, walk around, and resume most normal activities, but heavy lifting and working out are off limits for the first month. “By three weeks, 50 percent of the swelling is down, by six weeks, 80 percent is down,” Dr. Judge explains. “By three months, that last little bit is gone.” Many doctors will also prescribe a course of antibiotics to prevent infection. 

### **7. How Does Labiaplasty Impact Sexual Health?**
Though you will not be able to have sex for at least four weeks after labiaplasty, most women report improved sexual experiences after they’ve healed ([two patients spoke to us about their experience](https://aedit.com/aedition/everything-you-need-to-know-about-labiaplasty)). “Overall, the procedure will not affect fertility in any way, but it may make intercourse and intimate relations more pleasurable,” Dr. Monasebian explains. “If there was any pain during intercourse, this is very often relieved.” That can potentially include enhanced orgasms, too. “Labiaplasty can increase clitoral exposure, leading to easier or more profound orgasms,” Dr. Chmielewski says. “It can also enhance confidence regarding the appearance of the vulvar area.”

### **8. What Kind of Results Can Be Expected from Labiaplasty?**
This procedure yields reliable results. Patients can expect “natural looking anatomy with an almost imperceptible scar,” Dr. Judge says. It should be noted, however, that ‘natural looking’ doesn’t mean perfectly symmetrical. “You will always have asymmetry between the right and left side,” she notes. “That is considered natural and normal.”

From insurance coverage to sexual health, these are some frequently asked labiaplasty questions answered by top surgeons.

Labiaplasty Questions: Sexual Health, Insurance, Recovery, Safety

8 Questions To Ask Before Getting A Labiaplasty

shutterstock 1341907685

*Deciding to go under the knife or needle for any reason is, needless to say, a big decision. What’s the best way to make a big decision? Arm yourself with as much information as possible. In this series, [Ask AEDIT](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/ask-aedit), we break down the best questions to ask before choosing to undergo aesthetic treatments and procedures with expert insight from the providers that perform them.*

[Breast reduction](https://aedit.com/procedure/breast-reduction) is one of a handful of procedures that can have both a medically necessary and cosmetic component to it. Whether you’re interested in undergoing the surgery to alleviate pain and improve quality of life or are aesthetically unhappy with the shape and size of the chest, there are certain things you need to know about the procedure. From the impact it can have on breastfeeding to insurance coverage, these are some frequently asked (and important) breast reduction questions answered by two top plastic surgeons.

### **1. What should I consider when choosing a breast reduction surgeon?**
Choosing the right surgeon for a breast reduction (or any procedure for that matter) isn’t about any one thing. Instead, it’s important to [find a provider](https://aedit.com/aedition/category/how-i-found-my-plastic-surgeon) that is well qualified and also someone you feel comfortable with. In addition to researching [board certification](https://aedit.com/aedition/medical-board-certification-in-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-dermatology) and speciality, “it is imperative that you can speak to the surgeon openly and freely,” says [Payman Danielpour, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/payman-danielpour-md-797), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in Beverly Hills. That includes being able to “express your desires openly without feeling that you are uncomfortable or that the surgeon is dominating the experience,” he adds.

But it’s not just about bedside manner. Understanding a prospective surgeon’s technique and aesthetic is also key. Ask to see before and after photos of patients who have a similar breast size and skin color as you, explains [Umbareen Mahmood, MD](https://aedit.com/provider/umbareen-mahmood-md-23), a board certified plastic and reconstructive surgeon in NYC, “as poor scarring is a potential concern” (more on that later). 

### **2. Does insurance cover breast reduction?**
In short: It depends. “This is highly variable and depends on a number of factors,” Dr. Mahmood shares. As it turns out, [insurance companies](https://aedit.com/aedition/insurance-coverage-for-plastic-surgery-cosmetic-procedures) can be quite prescriptive and even seek to dictate the specifics of the surgery. “Even if the insurance company gives a precertification for the procedure, they then determine how many grams of tissue the surgeon must remove for the surgery to be covered, which often may leave patients with breasts that are far smaller than they desire,” she continues. 

There is no doubt overly large breasts can cause medical concerns (think: neck and back pain, rashes in the breast folds, interference with daily activities, etc.), but a breast reduction procedure is also aesthetic and needs to be treated as such. “I often tell patients, while breast reductions are certainly a medical issue, they are *also* an aesthetic procedure and should result in breasts that look beautiful to the patient,” Dr. Mahmood says.

### **3. What are the risks associated with breast reduction surgery?**
The primary risks associated with breast reductions are hematoma (blood clot), decreased nipple sensation, and wound healing issues. In rare cases, “the blood supply to the nipple can get damaged, causing loss of the nipple,” Dr. Mahmood explains. There is also the possibility of asymmetrical results, although “asymmetry between the breasts is not considered a risk since it is an inherent element when operating on two of the same body part — but it is still an important point to discuss with patients,” she adds. 

### **4. If I plan to have children, should I wait to have a breast reduction until after?**
Ideally, yes. But in both doctors’ experience, patients as young as 18 often decide to proceed with breast reductions to eliminate neck, back, and shoulder pain. “I see many patients in their late teens and twenties who may be years away from thinking about a family but are in agonizing physical pain as well as emotional and psychological distress due to their overly large breasts,” Dr. Mahmood explains. “While I certainly counsel all patients on the inherent risk of decreased ability to breastfeed, in instances like these, a patients quality of life and well-being must be considered.”

If you can wait, Dr. Mahmood advises waiting until after you have breastfed (if that is something you want to do, of course!). “Breastfeeding potential after a breast reduction is based on the amount of milk ducts and milk producing glands that remain after the surgery,” Dr. Mahmood says. “Reduction techniques that keep the nipple attached have a much higher chance of maintaining breastfeeding potential, as well as those that preserve more of the glandular tissue from the nipple to the chest wall.”

The [ability to breastfeed](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-pregnancy-and-breastfeeding-impact-breast-implants) after a breast reduction is not something doctors can determine for sure one way or another — every body is different. “The longer the period from the operation, the higher the likelihood that lactation will be successful,” Dr. Danielpour says. 

### **5. What is the breast reduction recovery process like?** 
The good news is that a breast reduction is not the hardest [postoperative process](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-long-does-it-takes-to-recover-from-cosmetic-surgery-procedures). For six weeks afterwards, patients are advised to wear a surgical or sports bra and cannot exercise (no heavy lifting, swimming, or vigorous physical activity). “Most of my breast reduction patients do well with Tylenol alone and no narcotic pain meds,” Dr. Danielpour says.

### **6. What kind of scarring is expected after a breast reduction?** 
“In the immediate postoperative period, the scars are very visible, red, and raised,” Dr. Danielpour says. They do, however, flatten and lighten over the course of several months. It can take up to a year to see how scars have fully healed, and, most of the time, he says it’s quite minimal. “Most patients, even those with known tendencies to form hypertrophic scars, heal well after a breast reduction, likely because there is no tension on the tissue — unlike with a [medial thigh lift](https://aedit.com/procedure/thigh-lift) or [brachioplasty](https://aedit.com/procedure/arm-lift),” Dr. Mahmood says. “The post-surgical bra takes pressure off the incisions, and I advise patients to use scar cream at three to four weeks post-op and use sunblock when outdoors or on the beach.” If, ultimately, the scarring bothers you, it can be reduced with lasers and other treatments. 

### **7. If I am overweight, do I need to lose weight before a breast reduction?**
“As with all elective plastic surgery procedures, patients are advised to be at an appropriate weight before surgery,” Dr. Mahmood says, noting that “studies have shown that the risk of infection and wound breakdown is elevated for those at a higher BMI.” Needless to say, surgeons want to mitigate risk for patients. 

It’s also important to maintain a [good diet and exercise regimen](https://aedit.com/aedition/why-you-should-lose-weight-before-plastic-surgery) after surgery, she adds, adding that “most are excited about finally being able to do, as they are finally unencumbered by large breasts.” An active lifestyle is important to avoid having breast volume increase again in the future, she explains.

### **8. If my weight fluctuates after a breast reduction, will it impact the results?** 
Though this isn’t common, it can happen. “It is generally unlikely that breast growth will occur after a breast reduction, particularly because skin, fat, and breast tissue are removed,” Dr. Mahmood explains. When it does occur, it is usually the result of hormonal changes (think: [pregnancy](https://aedit.com/aedition/how-pregnancy-affects-cosmetic-surgery-results), [menopause](https://aedit.com/aedition/cosmetic-procedures-skincare-for-women-in-menopause)), weight gain, or medication. 

### **9. How is the size of my post-reduction breasts determined?**
Determining the right size requires an open and honest dialogue between patient and provider. Dr. Danielpour says it is important to balance the patient’s goals with what will work best for their body. “The size should match the individual’s frame and also be small enough that it will help, if it is meant to reduce neck, shoulder, and back pain,” he says. 

A pro tip? Don’t fixate on a particular size. “It is well known that there is wide variability in bra sizing — different companies and brands have their own sizing rules — so there is no consistency in determining what a patient's size is pre-op,” Dr. Mahmood says. “Furthermore, most patients are wearing incorrect or poor fitting bras, and they often state themselves that their bra size is an inaccurate representation of their current breast volume”

As she explains, there is no correlation between the amount of breast tissue removed and the resulting bra size because patients have different baselines, different overall breast measurements, and varying tissue composition. To combat this, Dr. Mahmood asks patients to generally tell her what their “ideal size” is, as women tend to have a rough idea of what cup sizes look like. “Based on that, I perform the surgery and tailor the amount of tissue I remove to what will help them achieve that size,” she says.

### **10. Can I speak to former patients and/or see before and after photos?**
Absolutely! “It can be challenging to speak directly to former patients based on HIPAA regulations, as well as patients not wanting their personal information shared,” Dr. Mahmood shares. “But patient testimonials and before and after photographs are certainly invaluable to helping patients determine which surgeon is the right fit for them and what their results might look like.” So, don’t be afraid to ask for the assets you need to make the best decision for yourself.

From the impact it can have on breastfeeding to insurance coverage, these are some frequently asked breast reduction questions answered by two top plastic surgeons.